In
cell biology
Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and ...
, translational efficiency or translation efficiency is the rate of
mRNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of Protein biosynthesis, synthesizing a protein.
mRNA is ...
translation
Translation is the communication of the Meaning (linguistic), meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The ...
into
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
s within
cell
Cell most often refers to:
* Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life
Cell may also refer to:
Locations
* Monastic cell, a small room, hut, or cave in which a religious recluse lives, alternatively the small precursor of a monastery ...
s.
It has been measured in protein per mRNA per hour. Several RNA elements within mRNAs have been shown to affect the rate. These include
miRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals and some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miRN ...
and
protein binding
Plasma protein binding refers to the degree to which medications attach to proteins within the blood. A drug's efficiency may be affected by the degree to which it binds. The less bound a drug is, the more efficiently it can traverse or diffuse th ...
sites. RNA structure may also affect translational efficiency through the altered protein or microRNA binding.
See also
*
List of cis-regulatory RNA elements
This is a list of ''cis''-regulatory RNAs. These are RNA motifs which regulate nucleic acid regions on the same molecule, as opposed to ''trans''-acting motifs which regulate a distal molecule. Some of these RNAs are broadly distributed while oth ...
*
Transterm Transterm is a database of mRNA sequences, codon usage, and associated cis-regulatory elements that regulate gene expression. Many of these elements are in the 3' UTR. Transterm is a database provided by the Biochemistry department of The Univers ...
*
UTRdb
UTRdb is a database of 5' and 3' untranslated sequences of eukaryotic mRNAs
See also
* Five prime untranslated region
* Three prime untranslated region
In molecular genetics, the three prime untranslated region (3′-UTR) is the section of ...
References
External links
Transterm database online
Cell biology
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