The Transalpine Pipeline (TAL) is a

crude oil Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The name ''petroleum'' covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude ...

pipeline, which connects Italy, Austria and Germany.

History

The feasibility study of the pipeline was carried out by

Bechtel Bechtel Corporation () is an American engineering, procurement, construction, and project management company founded in San Francisco, California, and headquartered in Reston, Virginia. , the ''Engineering News-Record'' ranked Bechtel as the sec ...

in 1963. The pipeline was commissioned in 1967. This time, the construction cost around US$192 million.

Route

The pipeline starts from the marine terminal in Trieste. From Trieste, the long pipeline runs through the Alps to Ingolstadt. From Ingolstadt long pipeline runs to Neustadt an der Donau and long pipeline runs to Karlsruhe. In Vohburg, the Transalpine Pipeline is connected with the Ingolstadt-Kralupy-Litvínov pipeline, which supplies oil refineries in the Czech Republic. It could be used to reverse the southern branch of the

Druzhba pipeline The Druzhba pipeline (russian: нефтепровод «Дружба»; also has been referred to as the Friendship Pipeline and the Comecon Pipeline) is one of the world's longest oil pipelines and one of the largest oil pipeline networks in th ...

to supply Slovakia. In Würmlach, Austria, the Adria-Wien Pipeline (AWP) branches off from the Transalpine Pipeline. It supplies the OMV refinery in Schwechat. Through the proposed Bratislava - Schwechat Pipeline it may supply also Slovakia. In addition to the sea transport, the

Pan-European Pipeline The Pan-European Oil Pipeline (PEOP) is a proposed oil pipeline from Constanţa in Romania via Serbia and Croatia to Rijeka and from there through Slovenia to Trieste in Italy. The aim of the pipeline is to bypass Turkish straits in the trans ...

, if constructed, will supply the Transalpine Pipeline.

Technical features

The diameter of the trunkline between Trieste and Ingolstadt is . Both sections starting from Ingolstadt are with in diameter. The pipeline has ten pumping stations. The pipeline system includes tank farms in Trieste and

Lenting Lenting is a municipality in the district of Eichstätt in Bavaria in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and ...

, Germany. The capacity of the pipeline is approximately 43 million

tons Tons can refer to: * Tons River, a major river in India * Tamsa River, locally called Tons in its lower parts (Allahabad district, Uttar pradesh, India). * the plural of ton, a unit of mass, force, volume, energy or power :* short ton, 2,000 poun ...

of crude oil per year. In 2012 the throughput of the pipeline was 34.9 million

of crude oil.

Pipeline company

The pipeline is owned by the consortium of eight oil companies. The current (outdated?) shareholders are: * OMV (25%) * Royal Dutch Shell (24%) *

ExxonMobil ExxonMobil Corporation (commonly shortened to Exxon) is an American multinational oil and gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas. It is the largest direct descendant of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil, and was formed on November 30, ...

(16%) *Ruhr Oel (11%) *

Eni Eni S.p.A. () is an Italian multinational energy company headquartered in Rome. Considered one of the seven "supermajor" oil companies in the world, it has operations in 69 countries with a market capitalization of US$54.08 billion, as of 11 Ap ...

(10%) * BP (9%) *

ConocoPhillips ConocoPhillips Company is an American multinational corporation engaged in hydrocarbon exploration and production. It is based in the Energy Corridor district of Houston, Texas. The company has operations in 15 countries and has production in ...

(3%) * Total S.A. (2%) The Czech unit of PKN Orlen, Unipetrol, is negotiating to buy an about 2% in the pipeline.
The shareholders of the Group include
OMV, Shell, Rosneft, ENI, C-BLUE B.V. (Gunvor), ExxonMobil, Mero, Phillips 66/Jet Tankstellen and Total.

References

External links