Trade unions in Egypt first emerged at the start of the 20th century, although organised collective action in the form of strikes undertaken by workers was recorded as early as 1882. Following Egypt's formal independence in the mid-1950s trade unions were incorporated into state structures and only one officially recognised national centre existed. Starting in the 1970s and intensifying dramatically during the first decade of the 21st century, an independent, organised (but unofficial) labour movement took root in the country. This movement ultimately played a significant role in the

Egyptian revolution of 2011 The 2011 Egyptian revolution, also known as the 25 January revolution ( ar, ثورة ٢٥ يناير; ), began on 25 January 2011 and spread across Egypt. The date was set by various youth groups to coincide with the annual Egyptian "Police ho ...

and the subsequent growth of independent trade unions and trade union pluralism. However, with the

2013 Egyptian coup d'état The 2013 Egyptian coup d'etat took place on 3 July 2013. Egyptian army chief General Abdel Fattah al-Sisi led a coalition to remove the democratically elected President of Egypt, Mohamed Morsi, from power and suspended the Egyptian constitut ...

and changes in laws governing trade unions, the situation for labour rights significantly worsened. In March 2018, independent unions were dissolved and required to reregister within 60 days; of 1,000 independent unions in existence previously, only 122 were recognised by the state within the time frame.

Early history of trade unionism

Trade unionism grew first in the cigarette sector following a successfully coordinated strike from December 1889 to February 1900 and over the next ten years, trade unions were founded to represent workers in the textiles industry, printers, metal workers, barbers and lawyers clerks.

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Trade Unions In Egypt International Confederation of Arab Trade Unions Economy of the Arab League