''Tractatus de mulieribus claris in bello'' (“Treatise on Women Distinguished in Wars”; Greek: , “Women wise and brave in the art of war”) is a short ancient
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
work by an anonymous author,
[Gera, Deborah (1997). Warrior Women: The Anonymous Tractatus De Mulieribus. E.J. Brill, Leiden, the Netherlands. p. 4. .] which discusses fourteen famous ancient women,
of whom one is not otherwise attested.
Despite the title, not all of the women discussed are warriors, and only a few are portrayed as skilled military strategists.
[ It was written near the end of the second or the beginning of the first century BCE. Deborah Gera has suggested, however, that it was written by ]Pamphile of Epidaurus Pamphile or Pamphila of Epidaurus, ''Pamphílē hē Epidauría'' ( 1st century AD) was a historian of Egyptian descent who lived in Greece during the reign of the Roman emperor Nero (ruled 54 – 68 AD) and wrote in the Greek language. She was the ...
during the 1st century AD.[
*]Semiramis
''Samīrāmīs'', hy, Շամիրամ ''Šamiram'') was the semi-legendary Lydian- Babylonian wife of Onnes and Ninus, who succeeded the latter to the throne of Assyria, according to Movses Khorenatsi. Legends narrated by Diodorus Siculus, who dr ...
*Zarinaea
Zarinaea also referred to as Zarinaia (Saka: ; Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ) or Zarina was a queen of one of the Saka tribes or of the Dahae of the 7th century BCE who is mentioned by the Greek author Diodorus Siculus.
Name
The name is the Latin f ...
* Nitocris the Egyptian
* Nitocris the Babylonian
*Argeia
In Greek mythology, Argia or Argea (Ancient Greek: Ἀργεία ''Argeia'') was a daughter of King Adrastus of Argos, and of Amphithea, daughter of Pronax. She was married to Polynices, the exiled king of Thebes, and bore him three sons: T ...
*Dido
Dido ( ; , ), also known as Elissa ( , ), was the legendary founder and first queen of the Phoenician city-state of Carthage (located in modern Tunisia), in 814 BC.
In most accounts, she was the queen of the Phoenician city-state of Tyre (t ...
*Atossa
Atossa (Old Persian: ''Utauθa'', or Old Iranian: ''Hutauθa''; 550–475 BC) was an Achaemenid empress. She was a daughter of Cyrus the Great, and a wife of Darius I.
Name
The name "Atossa" (or "Atusa") means "bestowing very richly" or "well ...
* Rhodogune of Parthia
* Lyde(Woman who tames her son Alyattes
Alyattes (Lydian language: ; grc, Ἀλυάττης ; reigned c. 635-585 BC), sometimes described as Alyattes I, was the fourth king of the Mermnad dynasty in Lydia, the son of Sadyattes, grandson of Ardys, and great-grandson of Gyges. ...
by fasting)
* Pheretime
*Thargelia
Thargelia ( grc, Θαργήλια) was one of the chief Athenian festivals in honour of the Delian Apollo and Artemis, held on their birthdays, the 6th and 7th of the month Thargelion (about May 24 and May 25).
Essentially an agricultural festiv ...
*Tomyris
Tomyris (; grc, Τόμυρις, Tómuris; Latin: ) also called Thomyris, Tomris, or Tomiride, reigned over the Massagetae, an Iranian Saka people of Central Asia. Tomyris led her armies to defend against an attack by Cyrus the Great of ...
*Artemisia I of Caria
Artemisia I of Caria ( grc, Ἀρτεμισία; fl. 480 BC) was a queen of the ancient Greek city-state of Halicarnassus and of the nearby islands of Kos, Nisyros and Kalymnos,Enc. Britannica, "Artemisia I" within the Achaemenid satrapy of ...
*Onomaris
Onomaris was a Celtic queen regnant. She is described in the anonymous collection of Greek stories known in Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a ...
References
Text
Text of Tractatus de Mulieribus at archive.org
Ancient Greek literature
Anonymous works
Treatises
{{Women-hist-stub