The veined tree frog (''Trachycephalus typhonius''), or common milk frog, is a species of

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely Carnivore, carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order (biology), order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-f ...

in the family

Hylidae Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic. Taxonomy and s ...

. This species was previously within the genus ''Phrynohyas'', which was recently synonymized with ''Trachycephalus'' .(Faivovich, et al., 2005) It is found in Central and South America. Its natural

habitat In ecology, the term habitat summarises the array of resources, physical and biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. A species habitat can be seen as the physical ...

s are

subtropical or tropical dry forest The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest is a habitat type defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature and is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Though these forests occur in climates that are warm year-round, and may receive ...

subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests (TSMF), also known as tropical moist forest, is a subtropical and tropical forest habitat type defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. Description TSMF is generally found in large, discont ...

subtropical or tropical moist shrubland The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics. Geographically part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres, they cover the middle latitudes from to approximately 35° north and ...

, subtropical or tropical dry lowland

grassland A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs. Grasslands occur natur ...

river A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of wate ...

s, intermittent rivers, freshwater

lake A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much large ...

s, freshwater

marsh A marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p Marshes can often be found at ...

es, intermittent freshwater marshes,

arable land Arable land (from the la, arabilis, "able to be ploughed") is any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.''Oxford English Dictionary'', "arable, ''adj''. and ''n.''" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2013. Alternatively, for the ...

, pastureland,

plantation A plantation is an agricultural estate, generally centered on a plantation house, meant for farming that specializes in cash crops, usually mainly planted with a single crop, with perhaps ancillary areas for vegetables for eating and so on. The ...

s, rural gardens,

urban area An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, t ...

s, heavily degraded former forest, water storage areas, and

pond A pond is an area filled with water, either natural or artificial, that is smaller than a lake. Defining them to be less than in area, less than deep, and with less than 30% emergent vegetation helps in distinguishing their ecology from th ...

s. The veined tree frog is nocturnal, and can typically be found in tree branches and in areas with large amounts of vegetation. This frog is one of several other tree frogs in the family

that secrete a toxic substance from their skin that produces extreme irritation and pain when in contact with mucosal membrane surfaces. The veined tree frog has been observed being eaten by a

mantis Mantises are an order (Mantodea) of insects that contains over 2,400 species in about 460 genera in 33 families. The largest family is the Mantidae ("mantids"). Mantises are distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical habitats. They ha ...

References

* La Marca, E., Azevedo-Ramos, C., Scott, N., Aquino, L., Silvano, D., Coloma, L.A., Ron, S., Faivovich, J., Santos-Barrera, G., Solís, F., Ibáñez, R., Chaves, G., Wilson, L.D. & Hardy, J. 2004.
''Trachycephalus venulosus''

2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Downloaded on 22 July 2007. Tanacs, L., MD, & Littlefair, E., BSc. (2014, December). Symptoms and treatment of acute conjunctivitis caused by ... Retrieved March 27, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269179448_Symptoms_and_Treatment_of_Acute_Conjunctivitis_Caused_by_Skin_Secretions_of_Veined_Tree_Frog_Trachycephalus_Venulosus Wilderness & environmental medicine, 2014, Vol.25 (4), p.486-487 Trachycephalus Amphibians of Central America Frogs of South America Amphibians described in 1768 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxa named by Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti {{Hylidae-stub