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Torkel Halvorsen Aschehoug (27 June 1822 – 20 January 1909) was a prominent Norwegian professor, legal scholar, historian and social economist. He also served as a conservative politician and Member of the
Torkel Halvorsen Aschehoug (27 June 1822 – 20 January 1909) was a prominent Norwegian professor, legal scholar, historian and social economist. He also served as a conservative politician and Member of the Norwegian Parliament
The Storting ( no, Stortinget ) (lit. the Great Thing) is the supreme legislature of Norway, established in 1814 by the Constitution of Norway. It is located in Oslo. The unicameral parliament has 169 members and is elected every four years bas ...
.
Biography
Torkel Halvorsen Aschehoug was born atIdd
Idd is a parish and former municipality in Halden, Østfold county, Norway.
The parish of ''Id'' was established as a municipality January 1, 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The rural municipality was (together with Berg) merged with the ci ...
(now Halden
Halden (), between 1665 and 1928 known as Fredrikshald, is both a town and a municipality in Viken county, Norway. The municipality borders Sarpsborg to the northwest, Rakkestad to the north and Aremark to the east, as well as the Swedish mun ...
) in Østfold
Østfold is a traditional region, a former county and a current electoral district in southeastern Norway. It borders Akershus and southwestern Sweden (Västra Götaland County and Värmland), while Buskerud and Vestfold are on the other side ...
, Norway. He grew up in a professional family in which his father and grandfather were both parish priests. He attended Fredrikshalds lærde skole in Halden. In 1839, he entered Royal Frederick University (now University of Oslo
The University of Oslo ( no, Universitetet i Oslo; la, Universitas Osloensis) is a public research university located in Oslo, Norway. It is the highest ranked and oldest university in Norway. It is consistently ranked among the top universit ...
), where he later became a professor. In 1844, Aschehoug graduated with a law degree. He subsequently studied abroad with stops including England and Sweden.
In 1852, Aschehoug began an over fifty-year career at the University of Oslo. He was Professor of Jurisprudence, National Economics and Statistics at the Faculty of Law (1862–1889), and also served as the Dean of the Faculty of Law and the elected Chairman of the Collegium Academicum (the governing body of the university).
He also served as a Member of Parliament 1868–1892 and played a central role in the controversy surrounding the adoption of a parliamentary system
A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of th ...
in which the Cabinet was responsible to parliament instead of being merely appointed by the King. In 1883, he founded Statsøkonomisk Forening, an association to advance the study and understanding of socio-economic issues.
His major works include ''Norges offentlige ret'' and ''Norges nuværende statsforfatning''.
He was elected as a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1890 and received the Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav in 1895.
In 1908, he received Norway's highest civilian award, the Borgerdådsmedal in gold.
Selected Works
* ''Norges offentlige ret'' (4 volumes, 1866–1885) ** Part I ''Statsforfatningen i Norge og Danmark indtil 1814'' (Christiania 1866) ** Part II ''Norges nuværende Statsforfatning'' (3 volumes, 1874–1881) * ''Den nordiske Statsret'' (1885) * ''Das Staatsrecht der vereinigten Königreiche Schweden und Norwegen'' (1886) * ''Norges nuværende statsforfatning'' (2nd edition. 3 volumes, 1891–1893) * ''De norske Communers Retsforfatning før 1837'' (1897) * ''Socialøkonomik'' (3 volumes, 1903–08)Personal life
Torkel Halvorsen Aschehoug was married twice; 1) Anna Cathrine Marie Aschehoug (1822-1854) 2) Johanne Bolette Aschehoug (1832–1904). He was the father of Halvard Aschehoug (1851-1880), who together with his cousin Hieronymus Aschehoug (1846–1902), co-founder of H. Aschehoug & Co.References
Related Reading
*Mathilde C. Fasting (2013) ''Torkel Aschehoug and Norwegian Historical Economic Thought'' (Anthem Press)External links
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Aschehoug, Torkel Halvorsen 1909 deaths 1822 births People from Halden University of Oslo alumni Academics of the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo Philosophers of law Norwegian legal scholars Norwegian economists Members of the Storting Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Recipients of the St. Olav's Medal