Tomnatic ( hu, Nagyősz; german: Triebswetter) is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

Timiș County Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. T ...

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

. It is composed of a single village, Tomnatic. It was part of Lovrin commune until 2004, when it was split off.

History

Near Tomnatic took place the last battle between

Ahtum Ajtony, Ahtum or Achtum ( hu, Ajtony, bg, Охтум, ro, Ahtum, sr, Ахтум) was an early-11th-century ruler in the territory now known as Banat in present Romania and Serbia. His primary source is the ''Long Life of Saint Gerard'', a 1 ...

, the leader of Romanians, Pechenegs and Bulgars in the rough territory of today's

Banat Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...

, and the Hungarian invaders led by Chanadinus, a rebellious general of Ahtum, in 1003 or 1030 (the date of the battle is disputed). Tomnatic first appears in

written history Recorded history or written history describes the historical events that have been recorded in a written form or other documented communication which are subsequently evaluated by historians using the historical method. For broader world his ...

in 1000. In the Middle Ages, there was a settlement of Romanians and Serbs, Naghiuz. It was inhabited until the end of the Ottoman period, because Marsigli, in 1690–1700, mentions the ''Nagyeösz'' estate. With the reconquest of Banat from the Turks in 1716, the colonization of the region began. In 1772, at Tomnatic were settled colonists from the

Alsace Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it had ...

–

Lorraine Lorraine , also , , ; Lorrain: ''Louréne''; Lorraine Franconian: ''Lottringe''; german: Lothringen ; lb, Loutrengen; nl, Lotharingen is a cultural and historical region in Northeastern France, now located in the administrative region of Gra ...

area, mostly French. 62% of the first settlers came from the Château-Salins area of

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

(on the border with

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

), 8% from

Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...

, 5% from

Baden Baden (; ) is a historical territory in South Germany, in earlier times on both sides of the Upper Rhine but since the Napoleonic Wars only East of the Rhine. History The margraves of Baden originated from the House of Zähringen. Baden i ...

, 5% from

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...

and the rest from other parts of Germany. 200 houses were originally built, according to the plans of engineer Antonius von Triebswetter. The name of the new Franco-German village was given in his honor: ''Triebswetter''. Tomnatic was for a long time the largest "French" village in Banat. The Germans were located in the southern part of the village on the so-called ''Deutschgasse'' (German street), and the French lived in the rest of the village. In time there was an assimilation of the French by the Germans, other French left Tomnatic for other French colonies in the

Serbian Banat Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of ...

. The last person to speak only French was recorded in 1890. Some words of French origin have been preserved in the local vocabulary and the names of some families are reminiscent of the French origins of the inhabitants: Bailly, Bourgeau, Boquel, Frecôt, Tirier, etc. During the Hungarian administration, it was called ''Nagyösz'', and after 1920 it took its current Romanian name. No less than 1,002 people were deported to Bărăgan from Tomnatic alone (i.e., almost a quarter of the population).

Demographics

Tomnatic had a population of 3,144 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 2% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are

Romanians The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Roman ...

(78.44%), larger minorities being represented by Roma (6.77%),

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...

(3.98%),

Germans , native_name_lang = de , region1 = , pop1 = 72,650,269 , region2 = , pop2 = 534,000 , region3 = , pop3 = 157,000 3,322,405 , region4 = , pop4 = ...

(3.88%) and

Ukrainians Ukrainians ( uk, Українці, Ukraintsi, ) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. They are the seventh-largest nation in Europe. The native language of the Ukrainians is Ukrainian. The majority of Ukrainians are Eastern Ort ...

(1.43%). For 4.55% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are

Orthodox Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pa ...

(69.85%), but there are also minorities of

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD * Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...

s (15.81%),

Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement

s (6.39%) and

Greek Catholic The term Greek Catholic Church can refer to a number of Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine (Greek) liturgy, considered collectively or individually. The terms Greek Catholic, Greek Catholic church or Byzantine Catholic, Byzantine Ca ...

s (1.56%). For 4.55% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.

Notable people

* (1913–1984), actor, director and founding member of the German State Theater in Timișoara * (b. 1946), journalist, poet and translator * (b. 1948), writer and publicist

References

{{Authority control Communes in Timiș County Localities in Romanian Banat