''Tolumnia'' (abbreviated ''Tolu.''), is a genus in the family
Orchidaceae
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant.
Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...
. Previously known as the "equitant oncidiums," the species were segregated from the mega-genus ''
Oncidium
''Oncidium'', abbreviated as Onc. in the horticultural trade, is a genus that contains about 330 species of orchids from the subtribe Oncidiinae of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). As presently conceived (May 2014), it is distributed across much ...
'' by Guido Braem in 1986. Dancing-lady orchid is a common name for some species in this genus.
Description
The plants are small, usually
epiphytic
An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...
, with small or absent
pseudobulb
The pseudobulb is a storage organ found in many epiphytic and terrestrial sympodial orchids. It is derived from a thickening of the part of a stem between leaf nodes and may be composed of just one internode or several, termed heteroblastic and ...
s completely covered by leaves, which are triangular or circular in cross section and overlap each other at base to resemble a fan. The inflorescences arise between the leaf base and bear colorful, showy flowers. The labella are large, ornamented by variously shaped calli. The
column
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...
bears prominent wings flanking the stigma.
The genus is primarily native to the
Greater Antilles
The Greater Antilles ( es, Grandes Antillas or Antillas Mayores; french: Grandes Antilles; ht, Gwo Zantiy; jam, Grieta hAntiliiz) is a grouping of the larger islands in the Caribbean Sea, including Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and ...
, with a few species extending into
Florida
Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
, the
Lesser Antilles
The Lesser Antilles ( es, link=no, Antillas Menores; french: link=no, Petites Antilles; pap, Antias Menor; nl, Kleine Antillen) are a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. Most of them are part of a long, partially volcanic island arc betwe ...
,
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
,
Central America
Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...
and northern
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...
(from
Colombia
Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
to
French Guiana
French Guiana ( or ; french: link=no, Guyane ; gcr, label=French Guianese Creole, Lagwiyann ) is an overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France on the northern Atlantic ...
).Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families /ref>
Tolumnia bahamensis
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
Tolumnia guianensis
''Tolumnia guianensis'' is a species of orchid endemic to Hispaniola
Hispaniola (, also ; es, La Española; Latin and french: Hispaniola; ht, Ispayola; tnq, Ayiti or Quisqueya) is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Ant ...
'' (Aubl.) Braem, 1986
# ''
Tolumnia guibertiana
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
'' (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986
# ''
Tolumnia gundlachii
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
'' (C.Wright ex Griseb.) N.H.Williams & Ackerman, 2007
# ''
Tolumnia guttata
''Tolumnia guttata'' is a species of orchid found from Mexico, Belize to Colombia and the Caribbean
The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the ...
'' (L.) Nir, 1994
# ''
Tolumnia haitiensis
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
'' (Leonard & Ames) Braem, 1986
# ''
Tolumnia hawkesiana
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
'' (Moir) Braem, 1986
# ''
Tolumnia henekenii
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
'' (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Nir, 1994
# ''
Tolumnia leiboldi
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
'' (Rchb. f.) Braem, 1986
# ''
Tolumnia lucayana
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
'' (Nash) Braem, 1986
# ''
Tolumnia pulchella
''Tolumnia pulchella'' is a species of orchid endemic to Jamaica. It is the type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be perma ...
Tolumnia velutina
''Tolumnia'' is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* ''Tolumnia'' (bug), a genus of insects in the family Pentatomidae
* ''Tolumnia'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Orchidaceae
{{Genus disambiguation ...
Tolumnia guianensis
''Tolumnia guianensis'' is a species of orchid endemic to Hispaniola
Hispaniola (, also ; es, La Española; Latin and french: Hispaniola; ht, Ispayola; tnq, Ayiti or Quisqueya) is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Ant ...
Tolumnia guttata
''Tolumnia guttata'' is a species of orchid found from Mexico, Belize to Colombia and the Caribbean
The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the ...
'' (L.) Nir, 1994 )
Hybrids
: ''This list is incomplete.''
Hybrids of ''Tolumnia'' with orchids in other genera are placed in the following nothogenera:
* '' Aspaleomnia'' (''Alm.'') = ''Tolumnia'' × ''
Aspasia
Aspasia (; grc-gre, Ἀσπασία ; after 428 BC) was a ''metic'' woman in Classical Athens. Born in Miletus, she moved to Athens and began a relationship with the statesman Pericles, with whom she had a son, Pericles the Younger. Accordin ...
'' × ''
Leochilus
''Leochilus'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to Mexico, Central America, northern South America, the West Indies and Florida.
#''Leochilus carinatus'' (Knowles & Westc.) Lindl. - Oaxaca, Veracruz
#''Le ...
Brassia
''Brassia'' is a genus of orchids classified in the subtribe Oncidiinae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America, with one species (''B. caudata'') extending into Florida.
The genus was named afte ...
'' × ''
Miltonia
''Miltonia'', abbreviated Milt. in the horticultural trade, is an orchid genus comprising twelve epiphyte species and eight natural hybrids. The miltonias are exclusively inhabitants of Brazil, except for one species whose range extends from Bra ...
Cochlioda
''Oncidium'', abbreviated as Onc. in the horticultural trade, is a genus that contains about 330 species of orchids from the subtribe Oncidiinae of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). As presently conceived (May 2014), it is distributed across much ...
Cuitlauzina
''Cuitlauzina'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains 8 recognized species, native to Mexico, Central America and Colombia. Species
See also
* List of Orchidaceae genera
References
* Pridgeon, A.M., ...
Gomesa
''Gomesa'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains about 80–100 species, all native to South America. The genus is abbreviated as ''Gom''.Tolucentrum'' (''Tun.'') = ''Tolumnia'' × '' Trichocentrum''
* '' Toluglossum'' (''Tgl.'') = ''Tolumnia'' × ''
Odontoglossum
''Odontoglossum'', first named in 1816 by Karl Sigismund Kunth, is a genus of about 100 orchids. The scientific name is derived from the Greek words ''odon'' (tooth) and ''glossa'' (tongue), referring to the two tooth-like calluses on the base o ...
Miltonia
''Miltonia'', abbreviated Milt. in the horticultural trade, is an orchid genus comprising twelve epiphyte species and eight natural hybrids. The miltonias are exclusively inhabitants of Brazil, except for one species whose range extends from Bra ...