Tolchok

The Seventh-Kilometer Market (russian: Промрынок 7ой километр, ''Promrynok 7oi Kilometr''; uk, Ринок «Сьомий кілометр», ''Rynok Syomyi Kilometr''), informally known as ''Tolchok'' Толчок, or ''Tolkuchka'' толкучка ( Russian for shove, shoving), is an outdoor market outside of Odessa, Ukraine.

Description

Originally, in the 1960s and 1970s, it was open only on Sundays (later on Saturdays) in Slobodka (Слободка), near the 3rd Jewish cemetery (3-e еврейскоe кладбищe) on Chemistry Street (ул. Химическая), at the time a small walled-in area of 150 m wide and 250 m long, hence totally inadequate for a market and where an association with shoving originated. The new version was founded in 1989 during Perestroika reforms; it is now possibly the largest market in Europe.

When founded as an Odessa flea market in the 1960s, the market was officially restricted to selling used items only, but entry was charged to anyone entering with anything held in their hands because new items would be sold by traders from their hands ('с рук') walking the market as opposed to used goods sold off the ground displays. The market was open until 3–4 pm, but owing to the difficulty in reaching it, which until 1966 involved a 2 km walk from the nearest tram (No. 15) stop; it was paramount to reach the market very early in the morning as all worthwhile goods were sold by 10–11 am.Из воспоминаний об Одессе – 5
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When relocated in 1989, it was to an area outside the city's limits at the seventh kilometer of the Odessa– Ovidiopol highway, thus acquiring its name. As of 2006, the market covered 170 acres (0.69 km²) and consists largely of steel shipping containers, which rent for up to US$6,000 (EUR 4,700) or more per month, as well as an increasing number of ordinary shops in buildings. It has roughly 6,000 traders and an estimated 150,000 customers per day. Daily sales, according to the Ukrainian periodical '' Zerkalo Nedeli'', were believed to be as high as US$20 million in 2004. With a staff of 1,200 (mostly guards and janitors), the market is also the region's largest employer. It is owned by local land and agriculture tycoon Viktor A. Dobriansky and three partners of his.

The independent traders on the market sell goods in all price ranges, from authentic merchandise to all sorts of cheap Asian consumer goods, including many counterfeit Western luxury goods. According to the impressions of S. L. Myers of '' The New York Times'' who visited the market in 2006,
:"the market is part third-world bazaar, part post-Soviet Wal-Mart, a place of unadulterated and largely unregulated capitalism where certain questions — about salaries, rents, taxes or last names — are generally met with suspicion."
Zerkalo Nedeli wrote in 2004 that
:"it is a state within a state, with its own laws and rules. It has become a sinecure for the rich and a trade haven for the poor."
However, Ukrainian president Viktor Yushchenko announced in 2005 that he intended to enforce tax laws on the market's thriving shadow economy.

See also

* Shipping container architecture

References

*

External links

* Information and pictures of Seventh-Kilometer Market
* Most representative catalogue of goods on Seventh-Kilometer Market. Varied stock, more than 2 000 categories, about 30 0000 units. Sections of the site is constantly replenished
*{{cite news
, author =
, url =https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/18/world/europe/18iht-journal.html?pagewanted=all
, title =Ukrainian 'mall' not for the dainty
, work =www.nytimes.com
, publisher =
, accessdate =2011-01-12
, date=2006-05-18
Article published by New York Times in 2006

Retailing in Ukraine
Retail markets in Ukraine
Bazaars
Buildings and structures in Odesa
Flea markets