Tjokropranolo (21 May 1924 – 22 July 1998) was an Indonesian politician and former military officer who was the 8th

Governor of Jakarta The Jakarta Special Capital Region is administratively equal to a province with special status as the capital of Indonesia. Instead of a mayor, the executive head of Jakarta is a governor. The governor of Jakarta is an elected politician who, alon ...

, serving between 1977 and 1982. During the

Indonesian National Revolution The Indonesian National Revolution, or the Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during Aftermath of WWII, postw ...

, he was the assistant to

Sudirman General of the Army Raden Sudirman ( Old Spelling: Soedirman; 24 January 1916 – 29 January 1950) was a high-ranking Indonesian military officer during the Indonesian National Revolution. The first commander of the Indonesian National Arm ...

, and later wrote a biography of the commander.

Early life

Tjokoropranolo was born in

Temanggung Temanggung Regency ( id, Kabupaten Temanggung) is a regency in the Central Java Province of Indonesia. It covers a land area of 870.65 km2 and had a population of 708,546 at the 2010 Census and 790,174 at the 2020 Census. Its capital is the town ...

, today part of

Central Java Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in t ...

, on 21 May 1924. His father was the regent of Temanggung at the time. He studied at the

Europeesche Lagere School Europeesche Lagere School (ELS) was a European elementary school system in what was then the Dutch East Indies during colonial rule. The schools were intended primarily for Europeans. The implementation of basic education at that time was diffe ...

Career

Revolution

During the

Japanese occupation of Indonesia The Empire of Japan occupied the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of the war in September 1945. It was one of the most crucial and important periods in modern Indonesian history. In May ...

, Tjokropranolo joined

PETA Peta or PETA may refer to: Acronym * Pembela Tanah Air, a militia established by the occupying Japanese in Indonesia in 1943 * People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, an American animal rights organization * People Eating Tasty Animals, an ...

. In the leadup to the 1948

Madiun Affair The Madiun Affair ( id, Peristiwa Madiun), known locally as the Communist Party of Indonesia rebellion of 1948 ( id, Pemberontakan Partai Komunis Indonesia 1948), was an armed conflict between the government of the self-proclaimed Republic of ...

, Tjokropranolo - then armed forces commander

's adjutant - noted that he managed to restrain

Indonesian Navy The Indonesian Navy ( id, Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut, , Indonesian National Military-Naval Force, TNI-AL) is the naval branch of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. It was founded on 10 September 1945 and has a role to patrol I ...

and Senopati Brigade soldiers from continuing a firefight with

Siliwangi Division Military Regional Command III/Siliwangi ( id, Komando Daerah Militer III/Siliwangi or Kodam III/Siliwangi) is an Indonesian Army Regional Military Command that covers Banten and West Java province. The division was formed during the Indonesian ...

troops when tensions flared between the groups. Sudirman sent Tjokropranolo as an envoy to other military officers such as

Slamet Riyadi Brigadier General Ignatius Slamet Rijadi (Perfected Spelling: Ignatius Slamet Riyadi; 26 July 1927 – 4 November 1950) was an Indonesian soldier. Rijadi was born in Surakarta, Central Java, to a soldier and a fruit seller. Rijadi was "So ...

to convince them to remain loyal to the republican cause. In one occasion, Tjokropranolo was sent to Senopati Division commander Soediarto whom he failed to convince, resulting in him being arrested though he managed to escape. Soediarto was later removed from his post.

Post-war

After the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1949, Tjokropranolo took part in the defeat of several rebellions including the

Legion of Ratu Adil The Legion of Ratu Adil, also known as Angkatan Perang Ratu Adil (APRA) or the Just King Legion was a pro-Dutch militia and private army established during the Indonesian National Revolution. It was founded by the former KNIL Captain Raymond Wester ...

, the

Makassar Uprising The Makassar Uprising, also known as Andi Aziz rebellion, was a skirmish in Makassar, Sulawesi, between former Royal Dutch East Indies Army soldiers under Captain Andi Aziz and the Republic of the United States of Indonesia government. The pu ...

and rebellion of the

Republic of South Maluku South Maluku, also South Moluccas, officially the Republic of South Maluku, was an unrecognised secessionist republic that claimed the islands of Ambon, Buru, and Seram, which make up the Indonesian province of Maluku. Dutch conquest exerte ...

, in addition to the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation and the

30 September movement The Thirtieth of September Movement ( id, Gerakan 30 September, abbreviated as G30S, also known by the acronym Gestapu for ''Gerakan September Tiga Puluh'', Thirtieth of September Movement) was a self-proclaimed organization of Indonesian Na ...

. Between 1970 and 1974, as a

major general Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...

, Tjokropranolo served as the

personal assistant A personal assistant, also referred to as personal aide (PA) or personal secretary (PS), is a job title describing a person who assists a specific person with their daily business or personal task,. it is a sub-specialty of secretarial duties ...

on security to President

Suharto Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto ...

, in addition to being his secretary for military affairs and security coordinator. Tjokropranolo was also appointed as the president of the Indonesian Pencak Silat Association ('' Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia'', IPSI) on 1973, and for a second four-year term in 1977. He also served as Jakarta governor

Ali Sadikin Ali Sadikin (7 July 1926 – 20 May 2008), better known as Bang Ali, was an Indonesian politician who served as the fourth governor of Jakarta from 1966 until 1977. Prior to becoming governor, he served as Minister of Transportation from 1963 unt ...

's assistant for some time. He retired as a lieutenant general.

Governor

In 1977, Tjokropranolo was elected as the Governor of Jakarta to replace

by the

Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council The Special Capital Region of Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council ( id, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, abbreviated DPRD DKI Jakarta or simply DPRD DKI) is the unicameral legislature of the Indon ...

, winning 32 out of 40 votes. He was sworn in as the acting

on 11 July 1977. Soon after he was sworn into office, the metropolitan rail system for

Jabodetabek The Jakarta metropolitan area or Greater Jakarta, known locally as Jabodetabek (an acronym of Jakarta–Bogor–Depok–Tangerang–Bekasi), and sometimes extended to Jabodetabekjur (with the acronym extended to include part of Cianjur Regency) ...

was reopened. He was later made the definitive governor on 29 September.

Later years

After the end of his term, he became a commissioner at Bank Tani Nasional. In 1992, he published a biography of Soedirman, which included his personal experiences with the general. He died in Jakarta on 22 July 1998.

Notes

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

: {{Authority control 1924 births 1998 deaths Governors of Jakarta Indonesian collaborators with Imperial Japan Indonesian generals Members of Pembela Tanah Air People from Temanggung Regency People of the Indonesian National Revolution