''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago a ...

, with three species found only in

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

(''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a

holarctic The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal Kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region ...

distribution, and ''T. guayaquilensis'' is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

. The species formerly known as ''Titanoeca obscura'' was renamed to '' T. quadriguttata''.

Species

* '' Titanoeca altaica'' Song & Zhou, 1994 — China * '' Titanoeca americana''

Emerton Emerton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Andrew Emerton (born 1972), British Anglican priest and Bishop-designate of Sherwood * Audrey Emerton, Baroness Emerton (born 1935), British nurse and politician * Brett Emerton (born ...

, 1888 — North America * '' Titanoeca asimilis'' Song & Zhu, 1985 — Russia,

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...

, China * '' Titanoeca brunnea'' Emerton, 1888 — United States, Canada * '' Titanoeca caucasica'' Dunin, 1985 —

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...

* ''

Titanoeca decorata ''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia, with three species found only in North America (''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a holarctic distribution, and ''T. guayaquile ...

'' Yin & Bao, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca eca'' Marusik, 1995 —

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...

* '' Titanoeca flavicoma'' L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic * '' Titanoeca guayaquilensis'' Schmidt, 1971 — Ecuador * '' Titanoeca gyirongensis'' Hu, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca hispanica'' Wunderlich, 1995 — Spain, France * '' Titanoeca incerta'' (Nosek, 1905) —

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

* '' Titanoeca lehtineni'' Fet, 1986 —

Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...

* '' Titanoeca lianyuanensis'' Xu, Yin & Bao, 2002 — China * '' Titanoeca liaoningensis'' Zhu, Gao & Guan, 1993 — China * '' Titanoeca mae'' Song, Zhang & Zhu, 2002 — China * ''

Titanoeca minuta ''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia, with three species found only in North America (''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a holarctic distribution, and ''T. guayaquile ...

'' Marusik, 1995 — Kazakhstan * ''

Titanoeca monticola ''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia, with three species found only in North America (''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a holarctic distribution, and ''T. guayaquile ...

'' (Simon, 1870) —

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...

, Spain, France * '' Titanoeca nigrella'' (Chamberlin, 1919) — North America * '' Titanoeca nivalis'' Simon, 1874 — Holarctic * '' Titanoeca palpator'' Hu & Li, 1987 — China * '' Titanoeca praefica'' (Simon, 1870) — Spain, France,

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

, Russia * '' Titanoeca psammophila'' Wunderlich, 1993 — Central Europe * '' Titanoeca quadriguttata'' (Hahn, 1833) — Palearctic * '' Titanoeca schineri'' L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic * '' Titanoeca transbaicalica'' Danilov, 1994 — Russia * '' Titanoeca tristis'' L. Koch, 1872 — Europe to Central Asia * '' Titanoeca turkmenia'' Wunderlich, 1995 —

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

, Turkmenistan * '' Titanoeca ukrainica'' Guryanova, 1992 —

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

* '' Titanoeca veteranica'' Herman, 1879 — Eastern Europe to Central Asia * '' Titanoeca zyuzini'' Marusik, 1995 — Russia, Mongolia

References

* Platnick, Norman I. (2008).
The world spider catalog
', version 8.5. American Museum of Natural History. Titanoecidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Europe Spiders of Asia Spiders of North America Spiders of South America {{Titanoecidae-stub