The Tinian monarch (''Monarcha takatsukasae'') is a species of

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...

in the family

Monarchidae The monarchs (family Monarchidae) comprise a family of over 100 passerine birds which includes shrikebills, paradise flycatchers, and magpie-larks. Monarchids are small insectivorous songbirds with long tails. They inhabit forest or woodland a ...

. It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

to the

Northern Mariana Islands The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI; ch, Sankattan Siha Na Islas Mariånas; cal, Commonwealth Téél Falúw kka Efáng llól Marianas), is an unincorporated territory and commonw ...

Taxonomy and systematics

Some authorities consider the Tinian monarch to belong to the genus ''

Metabolus ''Metabolus'' is a monotypic genus of bird in the family Monarchidae found in Australia and Melanesia. Taxonomy and systematics Extant species The genus ''Metabolus'' presently contains only a single species: * Chuuk monarch (''Metabolus rugens ...

''. Alternate names include Tinian flycatcher and Tinian Island monarch.

Distribution and habitat

The Tinian monarch was formerly endemic to

Tinian Tinian ( or ; old Japanese name: 天仁安島, ''Tenian-shima'') is one of the three principal islands of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Together with uninhabited neighboring Aguiguan, it forms Tinian Municipality, one of th ...

until introduced to

Guguan Guguan is an island in the Northern Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean. The island is currently uninhabited. Guguan is located south from Alamagan and north from Saipan, and is northeast from Sarigan. History Guguan was discovered in 1668 b ...

in 2015 and 2016 where it has now bred successfully. The natural

habitat In ecology, the term habitat summarises the array of resources, physical and biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. A species habitat can be seen as the physical ...

s of the Tinian monarch are

subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests (TSMF), also known as tropical moist forest, is a subtropical and tropical forest habitat type defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. Description TSMF is generally found in large, discont ...

and

subtropical or tropical moist shrubland The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics. Geographically part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres, they cover the middle latitudes from to approximately 35° north and ...

Status

The Tinian monarch is threatened by

habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby ...

and is assessed as near threatened by the

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

. It has been delisted as endangered by the

United States Fish and Wildlife Service The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS or FWS) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior dedicated to the management of fish, wildlife, and natural habitats. The mission of the agency is "working with othe ...

, see th
Draft Post-Delisting Monitoring Plan
The current population of Tinian monarchs is estimated to be over 38,000 individuals.

References

External links

Tinian monarch The Tinian monarch (''Monarcha takatsukasae'') is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to the Northern Mariana Islands. Taxonomy and systematics Some authorities consider the Tinian monarch to belong to the genus '' Metab ...

Birds of the Northern Mariana Islands Tinian

Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN {{NorthernMarianas-stub