Timothy Edward Howard (January 27, 1837 – July 9, 1916) was the 43rd Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court, professor at the

University of Notre Dame The University of Notre Dame du Lac, known simply as Notre Dame ( ) or ND, is a private Catholic university, Catholic research university in Notre Dame, Indiana, outside the city of South Bend, Indiana, South Bend. French priest Edward Sorin fo ...

, writer, and

Civil War A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...

veteran. He served in the

Indiana Senate The Indiana Senate is the upper house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The Senate is composed of 50 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. Senators serve four-year term ...

from 1886 to 1892.

Early life and education

Timothy Edward Howard was born near Ann Arbor, Michigan, on January 27, 1837, to Martin Howard and Bridget (née Beahan) Howard. His father was a farmer. He attended county schools and Ypsilanti Union School. He attended the

University of Michigan at Ann Arbor , mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth" , former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821) , budget = $10.3 billion (2021) , endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...

, but left in his sophomore year. He briefly attended the

University of Michigan , mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth" , former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821) , budget = $10.3 billion (2021) , endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...

, received a

Bachelor of Arts Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four year ...

from the

in 1862, and a

Bachelor of Laws Bachelor of Laws ( la, Legum Baccalaureus; LL.B.) is an undergraduate law degree in the United Kingdom and most common law jurisdictions. Bachelor of Laws is also the name of the law degree awarded by universities in the People's Republic of Ch ...

degree from the

Notre Dame Law School Notre Dame Law School is the professional graduate law school of the University of Notre Dame. Established in 1869, it is the oldest continuously operating Catholic law school in the United States. ND Law is ranked 22nd among the nation's "Top 1 ...

in 1873. Howard also received a diploma from the literary department at the University of Michigan.

Career

Education career

Howard taught in country schools and was elected inspector of schools in

Northfield Township, Michigan Northfield Township is a civil township of Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 8,514 at the 2020 census. Communities * Emery is an unincorporated community located within the township at . Emery was settled as e ...

. Timothy Howard served on the faculty at Notre Dame from 1862 to 1914 with a few interruptions for public service. During his tenure he taught a wide range of subjects, including Astronomy, Civil Engineering, English Language and Literature, History, Latin, Law, Mathematics, and Rhetoric. He held the chair of rhetoric and English literature at Notre Dame for nearly twenty years. He served as dean of the Law School in 1908–09. In 1898 he became the first Notre Dame alumnus to receive the

Laetare Medal The Laetare Medal is an annual award given by the University of Notre Dame in recognition of outstanding service to the Catholic Church and society. The award is given to an American Catholic or group of Catholics "whose genius has ennobled the a ...

, awarded by Notre Dame to a Catholic "whose genius has ennobled the arts and sciences, illustrated the ideals of the church and enriched the heritage of humanity."

Military career

On February 5, 1862, Howard enlisted in Company I of the

12th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment The 12th Michigan Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Service The 12th Michigan Infantry was organized at Niles, Dowagiac, and Buchanan, Michigan, and was mustered into Federal ...

. He was seriously wounded at the Battle of Shiloh during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states ...

. He recovered in a hospital in

Evansville, Indiana Evansville is a city in, and the county seat of, Vanderburgh County, Indiana, United States. The population was 118,414 at the 2020 census, making it the state's third-most populous city after Indianapolis and Fort Wayne, the largest city in ...

, and was discharged from service on June 14, 1862, due to his injuries.

Political and law career

In 1878 Howard was elected to the South Bend City Council, representing the fourth ward, as a

Democrat Democrat, Democrats, or Democratic may refer to: Politics *A proponent of democracy, or democratic government; a form of government involving rule by the people. *A member of a Democratic Party: **Democratic Party (United States) (D) **Democratic ...

. He remained with the City Council until 1883. From 1879 to 1883 Howard served as clerk of the Circuit Court in St. Joseph County, and in 1883 he was

admitted to the bar An admission to practice law is acquired when a lawyer receives a license to practice law. In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are dist ...

. He led the effort to create a public park on the St. Joseph river bank, which today bears his name. Howard was elected to the

as a

in 1886 and served two terms. He was re-elected in 1890, but resigned in the spring of 1892. In 1892, Howard was elected as a judge to the Supreme Court and served six years. After he retired from the bench, Howard continued to practice law until his death. He served as city attorney from 1888 to 1893 and county attorney in South Bend. In 1901, Howard was appointed by Governor James A. Mount as president of the Fee and Salary Commission. Governor Winfield T. Durbin appointed Howard as delegate to the tax conference at the

Pan-American Exposition The Pan-American Exposition was a World's Fair held in Buffalo, New York, United States, from May 1 through November 2, 1901. The fair occupied of land on the western edge of what is now Delaware Park, extending from Delaware Avenue to Elmwood A ...

in Buffalo in 1901. Governor Durbin appointed him as a member of the commission of 1903–1905 to codify the laws of the state. Howard also was president of the Northern Indiana Historical Society, and in 1907, he wrote a history of St. Joseph County. He also wrote other books on Indiana history.

Personal life

Howard married Julia A. Redmond of

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ...

on July 14, 1864. They had ten children. His wife predeceased him. He lived at 714 East Cedar Street in South Bend. He was a member of the

Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

. Howard died on July 9, 1916, at St. Joseph's Hospital in South Bend following an operation a few days prior. He was buried at Cedar Grove Cemetery at the University of Notre Dame.

Legacy

Howard Park in South Bend was named after him for his contributions to starting South Bend's public park system. Howard Hall at the University of Notre Dame was dedicated in 1924 in his honor.

References

External links

*
Biography at the Indiana Supreme CourtProfile at the Laetare Medal Page
{{DEFAULTSORT:Howard, Timothy Edward 1837 births 1916 deaths People from Ann Arbor, Michigan Writers from South Bend, Indiana People of Michigan in the American Civil War University of Michigan alumni University of Notre Dame alumni Notre Dame Law School alumni University of Notre Dame faculty Justices of the Indiana Supreme Court Indiana city council members Democratic Party Indiana state senators Chief Justices of the Indiana Supreme Court 19th-century American judges Indiana lawyers Catholics from Indiana