The 2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a below-average

tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...

season which featured the highest number of deaths since the 2010 season. Despite inactivity in the

Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, bounded on the west and northwest by India, on the north by Bangladesh, and on the east by Myanmar and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India. Its southern limit is a line between ...

caused by the ongoing

El Niño El Niño (; ; ) is the warm phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and is associated with a band of warm ocean water that develops in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific (approximately between the International Date L ...

, the season produced an above-average number of tropical cyclones in the

Arabian Sea The Arabian Sea ( ar, اَلْبَحرْ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Bahr al-ˁArabī) is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan, Iran and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel ...

. The first storm of the season, Ashobaa, formed on 7 June, while the final storm of the season, Megh, ultimately dissipated on 10 November. A total of twelve depressions were recorded, of which nine intensified into deep depressions. Of these nine, a total of four further strengthened into cyclonic storms, while two attained their peaks as extremely severe cyclonic storms. In early June, Cyclonic Storm Ashobaa produced significant flooding in eastern

Oman Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...

and the

United Arab Emirates The United Arab Emirates (UAE; ar, اَلْإِمَارَات الْعَرَبِيَة الْمُتَحِدَة ), or simply the Emirates ( ar, الِْإمَارَات ), is a country in Western Asia (The Middle East). It is located at th ...

. Later that month, Deep Depression ARB 02 resulted in the worst floods in the Amreli district of

Gujarat Gujarat (, ) is a state along the western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the fifth-largest Indian state by area, covering some ; and the ninth ...

in 90 years. The storm resulted in 80 deaths and an estimated 16.5 billion

Indian rupee The Indian rupee ( symbol: ₹; code: INR) is the official currency in the republic of India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 ''paise'' (singular: ''paisa''), though as of 2022, coins of denomination of 1 rupee are the lowest value in use w ...

s in damage in the state. In late July and early August, Cyclonic Storm Komen resulted in between 187 and 280 deaths in

northeastern India , native_name_lang = mni , settlement_type = , image_skyline = , image_alt = , image_caption = , motto = , image_map = Northeast india.png , ...

Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...

and

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...

due to torrential rains as it slowly moved through the region. In early November, Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala, the strongest storm of the season, became the first recorded tropical cyclone to produce hurricane-force winds in

Yemen Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, north and ...

. During the storm's passage, areas in southern Yemen received of rainfall over 48 hours, or 700% of the average yearly precipitation. Just days after Chapala produced widespread damage in Yemen and the

Puntland Puntland ( so, Puntland, ar, أرض البنط, it, Terra di Punt or ''Paese di Punt''), officially the Puntland State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Puntland ee Soomaaliya, ar, ولاية أرض البنط الصومالية), is a F ...

region of

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

, Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Megh passed through the same region causing further destruction. Megh was judged to have been the worst tropical cyclone ever to affect the Yemeni island of

Socotra Socotra or Soqotra (; ar, سُقُطْرَىٰ ; so, Suqadara) is an island of the Republic of Yemen in the Indian Ocean, under the ''de facto'' control of the UAE-backed Southern Transitional Council, a secessionist participant in Yemen’s ...

, and resulted in 18 deaths on the island. The final storm of the season to form, Deep Depression BOB 03, produced significant flooding in southern India and resulted in at least 71 deaths in the region in early November. Within the northern Indian Ocean, tropical cyclones were monitored by the

India Meteorological Department The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology. IMD is headquarter ...

(IMD) at the

Regional Specialized Meteorological Center A Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) is responsible for the distribution of information, advisories, and warnings regarding the specific program they have a part of, agreed by consensus at the World Meteorological Organization as p ...

New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament House ...

. The IMD designated tropical cyclones forming in the Arabian Sea with the prefix "ARB", tropical cyclones forming in the Bay of Bengal with the prefix "BOB" and tropical cyclones forming overland with the prefix "LAND". In addition, the United States

Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...

(JTWC) issued unofficial warnings within the region, with tropical cyclones forming in the Arabian Sea assigned the suffix "A" and tropical cyclones forming in the Bay of Bengal assigned the "B" suffix. The IMD used the IMD Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale and measured average sustained wind speeds taken over a three-minute period, while the JTWC measured average sustained wind speeds taken over a one-minute period and used the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale. This timeline includes information from post-storm reviews by the IMD and the JTWC. It documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthenings, weakenings,

landfall Landfall is the event of a storm moving over land after being over water. More broadly, and in relation to human travel, it refers to 'the first land that is reached or seen at the end of a journey across the sea or through the air, or the fact ...

extratropical transition Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth. Extratropical cyclones are capable of ...

, and dissipations during the season. Reports among warning centers often differ; therefore, information from both agencies has been included.

Timeline of events

ImageSize = width:781 height:191 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:50 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/06/2015 till:31/12/2015 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/06/2015 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0,0.52,0.84) legend:Depression_(31–50_km/h) id:DD value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Deep_Depression_(51–62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Cyclonic_Storm_(63–88_km/h) id:ST value:rgb(0.75,1,0.75) legend:Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_(89–117_km/h) id:VS value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Very_Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_(118–165_km/h) id:ES value:rgb(1,0.45,0.54) legend:Extremely_Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_(166–220_km/h) id:SU value:rgb(0.55,0.46,0.9) legend:Super_Cyclonic_Storm_(≥221_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:07/06/2015 till:12/06/2015 color:TS text:Ashobaa (CS) from:20/06/2015 till:21/06/2015 color:TD text:BOB 01 (D) from:22/06/2015 till:24/06/2015 color:DD text: ARB 02 (DD) from:10/07/2015 till:12/07/2015 color:TD text:LAND 01 (D) from:26/07/2015 till:02/08/2015 color:TS text: Komen (CS) from:27/07/2015 till:30/07/2015 color:DD text: LAND 02 (DD) barset:break from:04/08/2015 till:04/08/2015 color:TD text:LAND 03 (D) from:16/09/2015 till:19/09/2015 color:DD text:LAND 04 (DD) from:09/10/2015 till:12/10/2015 color:DD text:ARB 03 (DD) from:28/10/2015 till:04/11/2015 color:ES text: Chapala (ESCS) from:05/11/2015 till:10/11/2015 color:ES text: Megh (ESCS) from:08/11/2015 till:10/11/2015 color:DD text: BOB 03 (DD) bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/06/2015 till:30/06/2015 text:June from:01/07/2015 till:31/07/2015 text:July from:01/08/2015 till:31/08/2015 text:August from:01/09/2015 till:30/09/2015 text:September from:01/10/2015 till:31/10/2015 text:October from:01/11/2015 till:30/11/2015 text:November from:01/12/2015 till:31/12/2015 text:December

June

6 June *06:00 UTCUTC stands for

Coordinated Universal Time Coordinated Universal Time or UTC is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time. It is within about one second of mean solar time (such as UT1) at 0° longitude (at the IERS Reference Meridian as the currently used ...

. (11:30 a.m. ISTIST stands for

Indian Standard Time Indian Standard Time (IST), sometimes also called India Standard Time, is the time zone observed throughout India, with a time offset of UTC+05:30. India does not observe daylight saving time or other seasonal adjustments. In military and avia ...

, which is equivalent to UTC+5:30.) at – The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reports that Tropical Depression 01A has formed from an area of low pressure while located roughly northwest of Lakshadweep, India. 7 June *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The India Meteorological Department (IMD) designates Tropical Depression 01A as Depression ARB 01 while the system is located roughly west of

Goa Goa () is a state on the southwestern coast of India within the Konkan region, geographically separated from the Deccan highlands by the Western Ghats. It is located between the Indian states of Maharashtra to the north and Karnataka to the ...

. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression ARB 01 (01A) has intensified into a tropical storm while located roughly west of Goa. 8 June *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 01 (01A) has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly west of Porbandar, Gujarat. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ARB 01 (01A) has intensified into a cyclonic storm and names it "Ashobaa" while the system is located roughly west of Porbandar, Gujarat. 9 June *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Ashobaa (01A) has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of , while located roughly southeast of

Muscat, Oman Muscat ( ar, مَسْقَط, ) is the capital and most populated city in Oman. It is the seat of the Governorate of Muscat. According to the National Centre for Statistics and Information (NCSI), the total population of Muscat Governorate wa ...

. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Ashobaa (01A) has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 1-minute sustained wind speeds of , while located roughly southeast of Muscat, Oman. 11 June *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Ashobaa (01A) has weakened into a deep depression while located roughly southeast of Muscat, Oman. BOB 01 2015 20 June

12 June *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ex-Ashobaa (01A) has weakened into a depression while located roughly southeast of Muscat, Oman. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Ashobaa (01A) has weakened into a tropical depression and dissipated while located roughly southeast of Muscat, Oman. *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ex-Ashobaa (01A) has weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area while located roughly southeast of Muscat, Oman. 20 June *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 01 has formed while located roughly south of

Bhubaneswar, Odisha Bhubaneswar (; ) is the capital and largest city of the States and territories of India, Indian state of Odisha. The region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as ''Ekamra Kshetra'' (area (''kshetra'') adorned with mango tr ...

. Simultaneously, they report that the system has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *20:00–21:00 UTC (1:30–2:30 a.m. IST, 21 June) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 01 has made landfall on the Odia coast between Gopalpur and

Puri Puri () is a coastal city and a Nagar Palika, municipality in the state of Odisha in eastern India. It is the district headquarters of Puri district and is situated on the Bay of Bengal, south of the state capital of Bhubaneswar. It is als ...

with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . 22 June *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 01 has weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area while located over the Indian states of Odisha,

Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It ...

and

Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh (, ) is a landlocked state in Central India. It is the ninth largest state by area, and with a population of roughly 30 million, the seventeenth most populous. It borders seven states – Uttar Pradesh to the north, Madhya Prade ...

. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 02 has formed while located roughly southwest of Porbandar, Gujarat. ARB 02 23 June 2015

23 June *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 02 has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly southwest of Diu, Daman and Diu. Simultaneously, they report that the system has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *09:00–10:00 UTC (2:30–3:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ARB 02 has made landfall near Diu with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . 24 June *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ARB 02 has weakened into a depression while located roughly south of

Udaipur, Rajasthan Udaipur () (ISO 15919: ''Udayapura''), historically named as Udayapura, is a city and municipal corporation in Udaipur district of the state of Rajasthan, India. It is the administrative headquarter of Udaipur district. It is the historic capit ...

. 25 June *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 02 has weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area while located over northwestern

Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (, ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the seco ...

July

10 July *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 01 has formed while located over Jharkhand. Simultaneously, they report that the system has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . 12 July *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 01 has weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area while located over northwestern

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...

and neighboring

Haryana Haryana (; ) is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 Nov 1966 on a linguistic basis. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% () of India's land ar ...

. 26 July *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 02 has formed while located roughly west of

Chittagong, Bangladesh Chittagong ( /ˈtʃɪt əˌɡɒŋ/ ''chit-uh-gong''; ctg, চিটাং; bn, চিটাগং), officially Chattogram ( bn, চট্টগ্রাম), is the second-largest city in Bangladesh after Dhaka and third largest city in B ...

. 27 July *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 02 has formed while located over southwestern

Rajasthan Rajasthan (; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. It is on India's northwestern si ...

and neighboring Gujarat. LAND 02 2015-07-28 0550Z

28 July *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 02 has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly southwest of

Jodhpur, Rajasthan Jodhpur (; ) is the second-largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan and officially the second metropolitan city of the state. It was formerly the seat of the princely state of Jodhpur State. Jodhpur was historically the capital of the K ...

. Simultaneously, they report that the system has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC designates Depression BOB 02 as Tropical Depression 02B while the system is located roughly southwest of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. 29 July *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 02 (02B) has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly southwest of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression BOB 02 (02B) has intensified into a tropical storm while located roughly southwest of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression LAND 02 has weakened into a depression while located roughly northwest of

. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression BOB 02 (02B) has intensified into a cyclonic storm and names it "Komen" while the system is located roughly west of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. 30 July *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Komen (02B) has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 1-minute sustained wind speeds of while located roughly west of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 02 has weakened into a well-marked area of low pressure while located over western Rajasthan. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Komen (02B) has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *14:00–15:00 UTC (7:30–8:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Komen (02B) has made landfall with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of while located roughly west of Chittagong, Bangladesh. *21:00 UTC (2:30 a.m. IST, 31 July) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Komen (02B) has weakened into a deep depression while located roughly south of

Agartala, Tripura Agartala () is the capital city of the Indian state of Tripura, and is one of the largest cities in northeast India. The city is governed by the Agartala Municipal Corporation. The city is the seat of the Government of Tripura. It is located on ...

. 31 July *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Komen (02B) has weakened into a tropical depression and dissipated while located roughly south of Agartala, Tripura. *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ex-Komen (02B) has weakened into a depression while located roughly southwest of

Dhaka, Bangladesh Dhaka ( or ; bn, ঢাকা, Ḍhākā, ), formerly known as Dacca, is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh, as well as the world's largest Bengali-speaking city. It is the eighth largest and sixth most densely populated city i ...

August

2 August *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ex-Komen (02B) has weakened into a well-marked area of low pressure over Jharkhand and northern Odisha and Chhattisgarh. 4 August *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 03 has formed while located over eastern Madhya Pradesh and neighboring Chhattisgarh. Simultaneously, they report that the system has attained its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . 5 August *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 03 has weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area while located over southwestern Madhya Pradesh.

September

16 September *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 04 has formed from an area of low pressure while located over southern Odisha. 17 September *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 04 has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly east of

Nagpur, Maharashtra Nagpur (pronunciation: aːɡpuːɾ is the third largest city and the winter capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the 13th largest city in India by population and according to an Oxford's Economics report, Nagpur is projected to ...

. Simultaneously, they report that the system has reached its peak intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . 18 September *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression LAND 04 has weakened into a depression while located roughly northeast of

Aurangabad, Maharashtra Aurangabad ( is a city in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the administrative headquarters of Aurangabad district and is the largest city in the Marathwada region. Located on a hilly upland terrain in the Deccan Traps, Aurangabad is the ...

. 19 September *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression LAND 04 has weakened into a well-marked area of low pressure while located over northern

Maharashtra Maharashtra (; , abbr. MH or Maha) is a states and union territories of India, state in the western India, western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. Maharashtra is the List of states and union te ...

and neighboring areas of southwestern Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.

October

7 October *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression 03A has formed from an area of low pressure while located roughly northwest of Lakshadweep, India. ARB 03 2015-10-09 0850Z

9 October *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD designates Tropical Depression 03A as Depression ARB 03 while the system is located roughly west of Goa. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression ARB 03 (03A) has intensified into a tropical storm while located roughly northwest of Lakshadweep, India. Simultaneously, they report that the storm has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 1-minute sustained wind speeds of . *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm ARB 03 (03A) has weakened into a tropical depression while located roughly west of Goa. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 03 (03A) has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly west of Goa. Simultaneously, they report that the system has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . 11 October *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ARB 03 (03A) has weakened into a depression while located roughly west of Goa. 12 October *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 03 (03A) has weakened into a well-marked area of low pressure while located roughly west of Goa. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression ARB 03 (03A) has weakened into an area of low pressure and dissipated while located roughly west of Goa. 27 October *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression 04A has formed from an area of low pressure while located roughly west of Lakshadweep, India. 28 October *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD designates Tropical Depression 04A as Depression ARB 04 while the system is located roughly west of Lakshadweep, India. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression ARB 04 (04A) has intensified into a tropical storm while located roughly west of Lakshadweep, India. *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 04 (04A) has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly west of Lakshadweep, India. Chapala 2015 track

29 October *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ARB 04 (04A) has intensified into a cyclonic storm and names it "Chapala" while the system is located roughly west of Lakshadweep, India. *09:00 UTC (2:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has intensified into a severe cyclonic storm while located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Chapala (04A) has intensified into a category 1 tropical cyclone while located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. *18:00 UTC (11:30 UTC) at – The IMD reports that Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm while located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. 30 October *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has intensified into an extremely severe cyclonic storm while located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has intensified into a category 3 tropical cyclone while located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has intensified into a category 4 tropical cyclone while located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. Simultaneously, they report that the system has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 1-minute sustained wind speeds of . *09:00 UTC (2:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of , while located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. 31 October *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has weakened into a category 3 tropical cyclone while located roughly east of the Yemeni island of Socotra.

November

1 November *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has re-intensified into a category 4 tropical cyclone while located roughly east of Socotra. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has made its closest approach to Socotra, passing north of the island with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . This makes Chapala the first storm to produce

hurricane A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...

-force winds on the island since 1922. 2 November *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has weakened into a category 3 tropical cyclone while located roughly northeast of Socotra. *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has weakened into a very severe cyclonic storm while located roughly north of

Alula, Somalia Alula ( so, Caluula, ar, علولة), also spelled Aluula, is a coastal town in the northeastern Bari region and is part of the autonomous state of Puntland, on the coast of the Guardafui Channel. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it ser ...

. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has weakened into a category 2 tropical cyclone while located roughly south of Mukalla, Yemen. 3 November *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has weakened into a category 1 tropical cyclone while located roughly southwest of Mukalla, Yemen. *01:00–02:00 UTC (6:30–7:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has made landfall to the southwest of Mukalla, Yemen with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . This makes Chapala the first storm in recorded history to make landfall with hurricane-force winds on the Yemeni mainland. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has weakened into a severe cyclonic storm while located roughly southwest of Mukalla, Yemen. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Chapala (04A) has weakened into a tropical storm while located roughly southwest of Mukalla, Yemen. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Severe Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has weakened into a cyclonic storm while located roughly west of Mukalla, Yemen. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Chapala (04A) has weakened into a deep depression while located roughly southeast of Ataq, Yemen. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Chapala (04A) has weakened into a tropical depression and dissipated while located roughly southeast of Ataq, Yemen. 4 November *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ex-Chapala (04A) has weakened into a depression while located roughly northwest of Ataq, Yemen. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ex-Chapala (04A) has weakened into a well-marked area of low pressure while located over Yemen. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression 05A has formed from an area of low pressure while located roughly northwest of Lakshadweep, India. Megh 2015 track

5 November *00:00 UTC at – The IMD designates Tropical Depression 05A as Depression ARB 05 while the system is located roughly northwest of Lakshadweep, India. *06:00 UTC at – The IMD reports that Depression ARB 05 (05A) has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly northwest of Lakshadweep, India. *06:00 UTC at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression ARB 05 (05A) has intensified into a tropical storm while located roughly northwest of Lakshadweep, India. *12:00 UTC at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ARB 05 (05A) has intensified into a cyclonic storm and names it "Megh" while the system is located roughly southeast of Duqm, Oman. 7 November *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has intensified into a severe cyclonic storm while located roughly east of Socotra. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Megh (05A) has intensified into a category 1 tropical cyclone while located roughly east of Socotra. *15:00 UTC (8:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Severe Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm while located roughly east of Socotra. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Megh (05A) has intensified into a category 2 tropical cyclone while located roughly east of Socotra. 8 November *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Megh (05A) has intensified into a category 3 tropical cyclone while located roughly east of Socotra. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has intensified into an extremely severe cyclonic storm while located roughly east of Socotra. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 03 has formed from an area of low pressure while located roughly northeast of Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has reached its peak intensity, with 3-minute sustained wind speeds of , while located roughly east of Socotra. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Megh (05A) has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 1-minute wind speeds of , while located roughly east of Socotra. *06:00–12:00 UTC (11:30 a.m.–5:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Extremely Severe Tropical Cyclone Megh has made landfall on the northern coast of Socotra with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Megh (05A) has weakened into a category 2 tropical cyclone while located roughly west of Socotra. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 03 has intensified into a deep depression while located roughly southeast of

Pondicherry, Puducherry Pondicherry (), now known as Puducherry ( French: Pondichéry ʊdʊˈtʃɛɹi(listen), on-dicherry, is the capital and the most populous city of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India. The city is in the Puducherry district on the sout ...

. Simultaneously, they report that the storm has reached its peak intensity, with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Megh (05A) has weakened into a category 1 tropical cyclone while located roughly east of Alula, Somalia. 9 November *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has made its closest approach to the Somali coast, passing roughly northeast of Alula, Somalia as it weakens into a very severe cyclonic storm. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Cyclone Megh (05A) has weakened into a tropical storm while located roughly west of Alula, Somalia. *14:00 UTC (7:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression BOB 03 has made landfall near Marakkanam, Tamil Nadu with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *21:00 UTC (2:30 a.m. IST, 10 November) at – The IMD reports that Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has weakened into a severe cyclonic storm while located roughly east of

Aden, Yemen Aden ( ar, عدن ' Yemeni: ) is a city, and since 2015, the temporary capital of Yemen, near the eastern approach to the Red Sea (the Gulf of Aden), some east of the strait Bab-el-Mandeb. Its population is approximately 800,000 people. ...

10 November *00:00 UTC (5:30 a.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Storm Megh (05A) has weakened into a tropical depression while located roughly southeast of Ataq, Yemen. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Severe Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has weakened into a cyclonic storm while located roughly east of Aden, Yemen. *03:00 UTC (8:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression BOB 03 has weakened into a depression while located roughly northwest of Pondicherry, Puducherry. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Cyclonic Storm Megh (05A) has weakened into a deep depression while located roughly east of Aden, Yemen. *06:00 UTC (11:30 a.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression BOB 03 has weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area while located over northern

Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a States and union territories of India, state in southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of India ...

. *09:00 UTC (2:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Deep Depression ex-Megh (05A) has made landfall on the Yemeni mainland southeast of

Lawdar Lawdar is a town and seat of Lawdar District in south-western Yemen. It is located in the Abyan Governorate. It is served by Lawdar Airport. History In October 2010, riots took place in Lawdar. A military force from Hadramut Hadhramaut ( a ...

with maximum 3-minute sustained wind speeds of . *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at - The IMD reports that Deep Depression ex-Megh (05A) has weakened into a depression while located roughly southeast of Lawdar, Yemen. *12:00 UTC (5:30 p.m. IST) at – The JTWC reports that Tropical Depression Megh (05A) has weakened into an area of low pressure and dissipated while located roughly east of Lawdar, Yemen. *18:00 UTC (11:30 p.m. IST) at – The IMD reports that Depression ex-Megh (05A) has weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area over Yemen.

Footnotes

References

{{featured list 2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season 2015 in Yemen 2015 in Oman 2015 in Somalia North Indian Ocean meteorological timelines 2015 NIO T