The following is a

timeline A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events. Timelines can use any suitable scale representi ...

of the

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...

of the city of

Pisa Pisa ( , or ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, central Italy, straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Pisa. Although Pisa is known worldwide for its leaning tower, the cit ...

in the

Tuscany Tuscany ( ; it, Toscana ) is a Regions of Italy, region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence (''Firenze''). Tuscany is known for its landscapes, history, art ...

region of

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

Prior to 15th century

* 225 BCE - A Roman army from Sardinia lands in Pisa. * 180 BCE - Pisa becomes a

Roman colony A Roman (plural ) was originally a Roman outpost established in conquered territory to secure it. Eventually, however, the term came to denote the highest status of a Roman city. It is also the origin of the modern term ''colony''. Characteri ...

. * 89 BCE - Pisans granted Roman citizenship. * 300 CE - Roman Catholic diocese of Pisa established (approximate date). * 805 CE - San Paolo a Ripa d'Arno monastery founded. * 812 CE - Pisa becomes part of the

March of Tuscany The March of Tuscany ( it, Marca di Tuscia; ) was a march of the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages. Located in northwestern central Italy, it bordered the Papal States to the south, the Ligurian Sea to the west and ...

(territory) of the Holy Roman Empire. * 990 -

San Michele in Borgo San Michele in Borgo is a Roman Catholic church in Pisa, region of Tuscany, Italy. History The church, together with monastery (which first belonged to the Benedictines, and, from the 12th century, the Camaldolese) was built in the late 10th t ...

monastery founded. * 1003 - Lucca-Pisa conflict occurs. * 1004 - Pisa sacked by

Saracens file:Erhard Reuwich Sarazenen 1486.png, upright 1.5, Late 15th-century Germany in the Middle Ages, German woodcut depicting Saracens Saracen ( ) was a term used in the early centuries, both in Greek language, Greek and Latin writings, to refer ...

. * 1063 -

Pisa Cathedral Pisa Cathedral ( it, Cattedrale Metropolitana Primaziale di Santa Maria Assunta; Duomo di Pisa) is a medieval Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, in the Piazza dei Miracoli in Pisa, Italy, the oldest of the th ...

construction begins. * 1011 - Pisa unsuccessfully attacked by

Saracen upright 1.5, Late 15th-century German woodcut depicting Saracens Saracen ( ) was a term used in the early centuries, both in Greek and Latin writings, to refer to the people who lived in and near what was designated by the Romans as Arabia Pe ...

s again. * 1092 **

construction completed. **

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pisa The Archdiocese of Pisa ( la, Archidioecesis Pisana) is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Pisa, Italy.

established. * 1095 - Pisans join religious

First Crusade The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic ru ...

forces fighting abroad. * 1118 -

consecrated. * 1119 - San Pietro in Vinculis church reconsecrated. * 1132 - San Sisto church consecrated. * 1140 -

Piazza dei Cavalieri, Pisa Piazza dei Cavalieri () is a landmark in Pisa, Italy, and the second main square of the city. This square was the political centre in medieval Pisa. After the middle of 16th century the square became the headquarters of the Order of the Knights ...

. the square become the center of Pisa. * 1147–1150 - The Pisans joined in the

Second Crusade The Second Crusade (1145–1149) was the second major crusade launched from Europe. The Second Crusade was started in response to the fall of the County of Edessa in 1144 to the forces of Zengi. The county had been founded during the First Crusa ...

. * 1150 - Santo Sepolcro church built (approximate date). * 1152 -

Pisa Baptistery The Pisa Baptistery of St. John ( it, Battistero di San Giovanni) is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical building in Pisa, Italy. Construction started in 1152 to replace an older baptistery, and when it was completed in 1363, it became the second bu ...

construction begins. * 1161 - built. * 1162 - Pisan territory expands. Retrieved 17 December 2016 * 1167 - Flood.^{( it)} * 1173 -

Tower of Pisa The Leaning Tower of Pisa ( it, torre pendente di Pisa), or simply, the Tower of Pisa (''torre di Pisa'' ), is the '' campanile'', or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is known for its nearly four-degree lean, the result of an unst ...

construction begins. * 1187 -

Papal election, December 1187 The December 1187 papal election (held on 19 December) was convoked after the death of Pope Gregory VIII. It resulted in the election of Cardinal Paolo Scolari, who took the name of Clement III. Verona and Ferrara Alberto di Morra, as papal chan ...

held at Pisa. * 1228 - Conflict with the united forces of Florence and Lucca near

Barga Barga may refer to: People * Barga Mongols in the early 20th century Places * Barga (department), Burkina Faso * Barga, Tuscany Barga is a medieval town and ''comune'' of the province of Lucca in Tuscany, central Italy. It is home to around 10, ...

* 1230 - Santa Maria della Spina church and tower of the San Nicola church built (approximate date). * 1252 - Santa Caterina church built. * 1257 - Hospital built. * 1264 - San Francesco church built. * 1278 - Camposanto Monumentale (cemetery) built. * 1284 - Naval

Battle of Meloria The Battle of Meloria was fought near the islet of Meloria in the Ligurian Sea on 5 and 6 August 1284 between the fleets of the Republics of Genoa and Pisa as part of the Genoese-Pisan War. The victory of Genoa and the destruction of the Pisan ...

fought between Pisan and Genoese forces near Livorno; Genoese win. * 1329 - Santa Maria del Carmine church built. * 1342 - Lucca annexed to Pisa. * 1343 - University of Pisa founded by edict of Pope Clement VI. * 1399 - Republic of Pisa becomes a

client state A client state, in international relations, is a state that is economically, politically, and/or militarily subordinate to another more powerful state (called the "controlling state"). A client state may variously be described as satellite state, ...

of the

Duchy of Milan The Duchy of Milan ( it, Ducato di Milano; lmo, Ducaa de Milan) was a state in northern Italy, created in 1395 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, then the lord of Milan, and a member of the important Visconti family, which had been ruling the city sin ...

15th–19th centuries

* 1402 - becomes

signore A signoria () was the governing authority in many of the Italian city states during the Medieval and Renaissance periods. The word signoria comes from ''signore'' , or "lord"; an abstract noun meaning (roughly) "government; governing authority; ...

. * 1406 ** Pisa besieged by Florentine forces. **

Cittadella Nuova The Cittadella Nuova (New Citadel), now called the Giardino di Scotto or Giardino Scotto (Scotto's Garden) is an old fortress in Pisa. History The citadel was called "''nuova''" (new) to distinguish it from the older Cittadella Vecchia on the ...

(fortress) construction begins. * 1482 -

Printing press A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a printing, print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. It marked a dramatic improvement on earlier printing methods in wh ...

in operation. * 1494 - French in power. * 1509 - Florentines in power. * 1543 **

Orto botanico di Pisa The Orto botanico di Pisa, also known as the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Pisa, is a botanical garden operated by the University of Pisa, and located at via Luca Ghini 5, Pisa, Italy. The garden was established in 1544 under Cosimo I de' Med ...

(garden) founded. ** built. * 1551 - Population: 8,574 within the walls. * 1555 - Palazzo Lanfranchi, Pisa rebuiling completed. * 1562 -

Piazza dei Cavalieri Piazza dei Cavalieri () is a landmark in Pisa, Italy, and the second main square of the city. This square was the political centre in medieval Pisa. After the middle of 16th century the square became the headquarters of the Order of the Knights ...

remodelled. * 1564 **

Palazzo della Carovana Palazzo della Carovana (also Palazzo dei Cavalieri) is a palace in Knights' Square, Pisa, Italy, presently housing the main building of the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. History It was built in 1562–1564 by Giorgio Vasari for the headquar ...

built. ** Birth of

Galileo Galilei Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. Commonly referred to as Galileo, his name was pronounced (, ). He was ...

, astronomer, physicist and engineer. * 1569 - Santo Stefano dei Cavalieri church consecrated. * 1589 -

Galileo Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. Commonly referred to as Galileo, his name was pronounced (, ). He was ...

begins teaching at the university. * 1590 - Lanfreducci palace built. * 1596 -

Museo storia naturale di Pisa The Natural History Museum of the University of Pisa is a natural history museum in the city of Pisa in Tuscany, Italy. It houses one of the largest collection of cetaceans skeletons in Europe. The museum's oldest collections are seashells co ...

(museum) founded. * 1605 - built. * 1680 - Flood.^{( it)} * 1735 - "Austrian grand dukes of the house of Lorraine" in power. * 1745 - Population: 12,406 within the walls. * 1777 - Flood.^{( it)} * 1810 -

Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa The Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa (commonly known in Italy as "la Normale") is a public university in Pisa and Florence, Tuscany, Italy, currently attended by about 600 undergraduate and postgraduate (PhD) students. It was founded in 1810 wi ...

(school) founded. * 1815 - created. * 1841 - Population: 40,477. * 1844 - Pisa-Livorno railway begins operating. * 1846 - Pisa–Lucca railway begins operating. * 1851 - University closes. * 1859 - University reestablished. * 1860 - Pisa becomes part of the

Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia was proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to ...

. * 1861 - Pisa-Massa railway begins operating. * 1865 - (theatre) opens. * 1867 - (theatre) opens. * 1881 - Population: 42,779. * 1885 - opens. * 1897 - Population: 65,516.

20th century

* 1909 - Pisa Sport Club formed. * 1919 -

Arena Garibaldi An arena is a large enclosed platform, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theatre, musical performances, or sporting events. It is composed of a large open space surrounded on most or all sides by tiered seating for spectator ...

opens. * 1930 - Società Storica Pisana (history society) formed.^{( it)} * 1943 - in World War II. * 1944 - Bombing. * 1945 - in operation. * 1950 - (bridge) built. * 1952 - United States military Camp Darby established near city. * 1963 - Biblioteca Comunale di Pisa (library) established. * 1979 - Associazione Teatro di Pisa (theatre organization) formed. * 1985 - May: held. * 1987 -

Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies , latin_name = , image = , motto = L'eccellenza come disciplina , mottoeng = Committed to excellence , established = 1987 from previously existing institutions , type = State-supported , administrative_staff ...

established.

21st century

* 2008 - Marco Filippeschi becomes mayor. * 2013 - Population: 86,263. * 2015 - 31 May: Tuscan regional election, 2015 held. * 2018 - Michele Conti becomes mayor.

References

''This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.''

Bibliography

in English

* * * * * * * * * *

David Herlihy David Herlihy (May 8, 1930 – February 15, 1991) was an American historian who wrote on medieval and renaissance life. He was married to historian Patricia Herlihy; one of their sons is the historian of bicycles, David V. Herlihy. Topics of his ...

. Pisa in the Early Renaissance: A Study of Urban Growth (New Haven, CT, 1958) * * * * O. Banti. An Illustrated History of Pisa (Pisa, 2010) *

in Italian

* * * * (timeline) * * * * A. R. Masetti. Pisa storia urbana (Pisa, 1964) * L. Nuti. Pisa progetto e città, 1814–1865 (Pisa, 1986) * * E. Tolaini. Pisa (Rome, and Bari, 1992) * P. L. Rupi and A. Martinelli. Pisa: Storia urbanistica (Ospedaletto, 1997)

External links

Items related to Pisa
various dates (via Europeana)
Items related to Pisa
various dates (via Digital Public Library of America) {{Years in Italy