The following is a

timeline A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events. Timelines can use any suitable scale representi ...

of the

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...

of the city of

Muscat Muscat ( ar, مَسْقَط, ) is the capital and most populated city in Oman Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is s ...

Oman Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...

Prior to 20th century

* 550 BCE -

Achaemenids The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest emp ...

in power (approximate date). * 100s CE - Migration of

Arab The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...

tribes from Yemen. *300s CE - Arab tribes expelled the Sassanians. * 633 CE - Regional Islamization. *696 CE - Umayyad army attempting to seize Muscat was defeated. *865 CE - Flood destroy a portion of the city. * 1507 - City taken by Portuguese forces under command of

Afonso de Albuquerque Afonso de Albuquerque, 1st Duke of Goa (; – 16 December 1515) was a Portuguese general, admiral, and statesman. He served as viceroy of Portuguese India from 1509 to 1515, during which he expanded Portuguese influence across the Indian Ocean ...

. * 1522 - Uprising against Portuguese rule. * 1546 - City bombarded by Ottoman ships without landing. * 1552 -

Capture of Muscat (1552) The capture of Muscat occurred in 1552, when an Ottoman fleet under Piri Reis attacked Old Muscat, in modern Oman, and plundered the town from the Portuguese. These events followed the important Ottoman defeat in the Second Siege of Diu i ...

by Ottoman forces under

Piri Reis Ahmet Muhiddin Piri ( 1465 – 1553), better known as Piri Reis ( tr, Pîrî Reis (military rank), Reis or ''Hacı Ahmet Muhittin Pîrî Bey''), was a Navigation, navigator, Geography in medieval Islam, geographer and Cartography, cartographer. ...

for a brief period. * 1581 - City pillaged by Ottomans under command of Piri Reis before withdrawing. * 1586-1588 - Fort al-Jalali and

Fort al-Mirani Fort Al-Mirani ( ar, قلعة الميراني) is a fort located in the harbor of the city of Old Muscat, Oman. The fort existed prior to the Portuguese invasion and was later rebuilt by the Portuguese in 1587. The fort became the first to use ...

completed. * 1624 - Construction begins of "earthen land wall" around city. * 1640 - City attacked by forces of

Nasir bin Murshid Nasir bin Murshid () (died 14 April 1649) was the founder of the Yaruba dynasty of Imams of Oman, a member of the Ibadi sect. He ruled from 1624 to 1649. He took power during a chaotic period when the former dynasty had collapsed and the interior o ...

. * 1648 - City besieged by Nasir ibn Murshid but Portuguese sued for peace. * 1650 - City taken by forces of

Sultan bin Saif Sultan bin Saif bin Malik () (died c. 1679) was the second of the Yaruba dynasty of Imams of Oman, a member of the Ibadi sect. He ruled from 1649 to 1679. He completed the work of his predecessor, Nasir bin Murshid, in driving the Portuguese out of ...

; Portuguese ousted. * 1670 -

Dutch East India Company The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock ...

factory established. * 1738 - Muscat occupied by forces of Muhammad Taqi Khan of Fars. * 1740s -

Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi (1694 – 15 December 1783) was the first ruler of Oman of the Al Said dynasty. He came to power during a period when Oman was divided by civil war, and the Persians had occupied large parts of the country. During his lon ...

in power. * 1792 - Albusaidi monarch Hamad ibn Said relocates the capital of

from

Rustaq Rustaq ( ar, ٱلرُّسْتَاق, Ar-Rustāq) is a town and ''Wilayah'' (District) in Al Batinah Region of northern Oman. The wilayah is in the Western Hajar Mountains, in the south of the Batinah. Rustaq was once the capital of Oman, during ...

to Muscat. * 1800 - British representative of the

British East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

takes residence in Muscat. * 1806 -

Said bin Sultan Sayyid Saïd bin Sultan al-Busaidi ( ar, سعيد بن سلطان, , sw, Saïd bin Sultani) (5 June 1791 – 19 October 1856), was Sultan of Muscat and Oman, the fifth ruler of the Busaid dynasty from 1804 to 4 June 1856. His rule commenced fol ...

in power. * 1832 - Capital of the

Omani empire The Omani Empire ( ar, الإمبراطورية العُمانية) was a maritime empire, vying with Portugal and Britain for trade and influence in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean. At its peak in the 19th century, Omani influence or control ...

relocated from Muscat to colonial

Zanzibar Zanzibar (; ; ) is an insular semi-autonomous province which united with Tanganyika in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania. It is an archipelago in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of the mainland, and consists of many small islands ...

. * 1845 - Bait al-Falaj Fort built. * 1856 -

Thuwaini bin Said Thuwaini bin Said al-Busaidi ( ar, ثويني بن سعيد ال سعيد, ) (1821–1866) also called (19 October 1856 – 11 February 1866), was the third son of Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman. Thuwaini was born in Oman, and never v ...

becomes sultan of the newly formed

Sultanate of Muscat and Oman The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman ( ar, سلطنة مسقط وعمان, Salṭanat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān), also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman () during the rule of Taimur bin Feisal, was a sovereign state that encompassed the prese ...

and his capital is Muscat. *1879 - The United States consulate is established in Muscat. * 1890 - Cyclonic storm flooding kills 700 people. * 1893 - Hospital established. * 1894 - French consulate established. * 1899 - Bubonic plague strikes at Muscat.

20th century

* 1928 - Al-Sa'idiyah School established. * 1929 - Vehicular road into city built "by the hacking out of a one-lane track through the mountains." * 1932 -

Said bin Taimur Said bin Taimur ( ar, سعيد بن تيمور; 13 August 1910 – 19 October 1972) was the 13th Sultan of Muscat and Oman from 10 February 1932 until he was deposed on 23 July 1970 by his son Qaboos bin Said. He was a member of the House of A ...

becomes sultan. * 1939 - Municipal council established. * 1943 - Bombing of ship in harbor by Japanese forces. * 1948 -

British Bank of the Middle East HSBC Bank Middle East Limited is the largest and most widely represented international bank in the Middle East. History The Imperial Bank of Persia (Persian: بانک شاهنشاهی ایران; Bank-e Šâhanšâhi-ye Irân) was a British ban ...

branch in business. * 1949 - ''Municipal Law for the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman'' issued. * 1951 - Indian consulate established. * 1952 - Population: 4,200 in town (approximate estimate). * 1960 - Population: 5,080 in town; 6,208 urban agglomeration (approximate estimate). * 1962 -

Muttrah Muttrah, ( ar, مطرح) administratively a wilayah (province), is located in the Muscat Governorate of Oman. Before the discovery of oil in Oman, Muttrah was the center of commerce in Oman (Muscat). It is still a center of commerce as one of t ...

-Muscat road paved. * 1963 - Slavery abolished. * 1967 -

Petroleum Development Oman Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) is the leading exploration and production company in the Sultanate of Oman. The Company delivers the majority of the country's crude oil production and natural gas supply. The company is owned by the Government of ...

headquartered in Muscat. * 1968 - Electric power plant commissioned in Riyam. * 1970 -

Qaboos bin Said al Said Qaboos bin Said Al Said ( ar, قابوس بن سعيد آل سعيد, ; 18 November 1940 – 10 January 2020) was Sultan of Oman from 23 July 1970 until his death in 2020. A fifteenth-generation descendant of the founder of the House of Al Said, ...

in power. * 1972 ** June:

and Muscat merge to form the

Muscat Municipality Muscat ( ar, مَسْقَط, ) is the capital and most populated city in Oman. It is the seat of the Governorate of Muscat. According to the National Centre for Statistics and Information (NCSI), the total population of Muscat Governorate was ...

. **

Al Alam Palace The Al Alam Palace ( ar, قصر العلم , "Palace of the Flag") is a palace located in Old Muscat, Oman. It was used as a ceremonial palace by Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said. History Al Alam Palace, one of six residences of the sultan, has a ...

built. * 1973 ** Seeb Airport opens. ** British School – Muscat established. * 1974 **

Port Sultan Qaboos Port Sultan Qaboos (previously known as Mina Qaboos) is the largest port in Muscat, Oman. Developed initially as a part of a plan for a "Greater Muttrah" by Qaboos bin Said al Said's predecessor, Said bin Taimur, the port's construction was comple ...

built in Muttrah. **

Museum of Omani Heritage The Museum of Omani Heritage is a heritage museum, located near the Ministry of Information on Al Alam Street, Muscat, Oman. The museum opened on 17 November 1974, and has a detailed collection of archaeological objects and information including ...

opens. * 1975 ** Office of municipality president established. ** ''

Times of Oman ''Times of Oman'' is a daily newspaper published in the Sultanate of Oman. Established in 1975, the newspaper is the oldest English-language paper of Oman. Apart from daily news on local, regional, international, business and sport interests, I ...

'' newspaper begins publication. * 1981 ** ''

Oman Daily Observer ''Oman Daily Observer'' is an English-language daily broadsheet published from Muscat, the capital of the Sultanate of Oman Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian ...

'' newspaper begins publication. ** Ministry of Social Affairs and Labor and Ministry of Petroleum built. * 1984 -

Muscat Governorate Muscat ( ar, محافظة مسقط) is a Governorates of Oman, governorate of the Oman, Sultanate of Oman. Its provincial capital is Muscat City, which is the largest city and only metropolis of Oman. Muscat Governorate, commonly referred to as ...

established. * 1985 **

Gulf Cooperation Council The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf ( ar, مجلس التعاون لدول العربية الخليج ), also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC; ar, مجلس التعاون الخليجي), is a regional, interg ...

meets in Muscat. ** Al-Bustan Palace Hotel in business. ** Oman Natural History Museum opens. * 1986 -

Sultan Qaboos University Sultan Qaboos University, located in Al Seeb in the Muscat Governorate, is one of the two public universities in the Sultanate of Oman. Most students entering the university are selected based on their performance in high school final examina ...

opens. * 1987 - Royal Hospital built. * 1988 **

Muscat Securities Market The Muscat Securities Market (MSM, ar, سوق مسقط للأوراق المالية ) is the only stock exchange in Oman. It was established by the Royal Decree (53/88) issued on 21 June 1988, to regulate and control the Omani securities mar ...

established. ** '' Alwatan'' newspaper in publication. ** French embassy built. * 1990 -

Oman Children's Museum The Oman Children's Museum is a children's science museum, located near Qurum Nature Park off Sultan Qaboos Street in a white-domed building in Muscat, Oman. The museum was established by the Ministry of National Heritage and Culture and opened ...

established. * 1992 -

Omani French Museum The Omani French Museum is a heritage museum located in the former residence of the French Consul, Bait Faransa on Lane 9310, Qasr Al Alam Street, in Old Muscat, Oman. The white building, which was essentially a palace, was initially established ...

established. * 1993 ** 40,856 in city. ** Dam and Oman International Bank built. ** Oman Society for Fine Arts established. * 1995 -

Oman Oil and Gas Exhibition Centre Oman Oil and Gas Exhibition Centre is a museum, located on Seih Al Maleh Street, Al-Qurum, Muscat, Oman. The museum was established 1995 as a donation from Petroleum Development Oman (PDO). The museum is an interactive journey exploring the disco ...

established. * 1996 - National Hospitality Institute headquartered in city. * 1998 -

Bait al Zubair ''Bait Al Zubair'' is a museum, located on Al Saidiya Street, Old Muscat, Oman. The museum has an extensive collection of ancient weapons, including khanjar, household equipments, and costumes (most of which derive from the owner's private coll ...

museum opens.

21st century

* 2001 **

Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque The Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque ( ar, جَامِع ٱلسُّلْطَان قَابُوْس ٱلْأَكْبَر, Jāmiʿ As-Sulṭān Qābūs Al-Akbar) is the largest mosque in Oman, located in the capital city of Muscat. Construction In 1992, t ...

built. ** Muscat Gate Museum opens. ** Population: 685,676 in

governorate A governorate is an administrative division of a state. It is headed by a governor. As English-speaking nations tend to call regions administered by governors either State (administrative division), states or province, provinces, the term ''govern ...

. * 2006 - Bait Al Baranda (house museum) opene

http://muscat.grand.hyatt.com/en/hotel/activities/area-activities/museums-in-muscat.html] * 2010 -

Al-Musannah Sports City Al-Musannah Sports City, also known as Millennium Resort Mussanah, is a large hotel belonging to Millennium & Copthorne Hotels Millennium & Copthorne Hotels is a global hospitality management and real estate group, with 125 hotels in 22 countr ...

opened. * 2011 ** **

Royal Opera House Muscat The Royal Opera House Muscat (ROHM) is Oman's premier venue for musical arts and culture. The opera house is located in Shati Al-Qurm district of Muscat on Sultan Qaboos Street. Built on the royal orders of Sultan Qaboos of Oman, the Royal Opera H ...

opened in

Shati Al-Qurm Shatti Al-Qurum (also written Shatti Al-Qurm) is the most expensive residential locality situated on the coast of Muscat, the capital of the Sultanate of Oman. It is also known as Muscat's Diplomatic District due to many embassies being located ...

. * 2012 - Muscat Expressway built. * 2013 - Fish souk rebuilt. * 2018 ** EDM producer

Avicii Tim Bergling (; 8 September 1989 – 20 April 2018), known professionally as Avicii (, ), was a Swedish DJ, remixer and music producer. At the age of 16, Bergling began posting his remixes on electronic music forums, which led to his first rec ...

died by suicide in Muscat. ** Population: 315,443 (estimate). * 2020 ** in January 2020,

Haitham bin Tariq Al Said Haitham bin Tariq Al Said ( ar, هيثم بن طارق آل سعيد, Heysem bin Târık Âl Saîd; born 13 October 1954) is the current Sultan of Oman, reigning since January 2020 following the death of his cousin, Sultan Qaboos bin Said. Pr ...

became the new successor of Oman after the sad demise of the then His Majesty

Sultan Qaboos Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it ...

. **NOC (No Objection Certificate) abolished amidst

COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei, identified in Wuhan, China, in December ...

References

Bibliography

;Published in 18th-19th centuries * * * * * * ;Published in 20th century * * * * * * ;Published in 21st century * * * *

External links

Map of Muscat
1985 * *

Europeana Europeana is a web portal created by the European Union containing digitised cultural heritage collections of more than 3,000 institutions across Europe. It includes records of over 50 million cultural and scientific artefacts, brought togethe ...

Items related to Muscat
various dates. {{Muscat Governorate

Years in Oman