history
History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...
of the city of
Livorno
Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 158,493 residents in December 2017. It is traditionally known in English as Leghorn (pronou ...
in the
Tuscany
Tuscany ( ; it, Toscana ) is a Regions of Italy, region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence (''Firenze'').
Tuscany is known for its landscapes, history, art ...
region of
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
.
Prior to 20th century
* 1077 -
Matilda of Tuscany
Matilda of Tuscany ( it, Matilde di Canossa , la, Matilda, ; 1046 – 24 July 1115 or Matilda of Canossa after her ancestral castle of Canossa), also referred to as ("the Great Countess"), was a member of the House of Canossa (also known as th ...
tower built.
* 1284 - Naval
Battle of Meloria (1284)
The Battle of Meloria was fought near the islet of Meloria in the Ligurian Sea on 5 and 6 August 1284 between the fleets of the Republics of Genoa and Pisa as part of the Genoese-Pisan War. The victory of Genoa and the destruction of the Pisa ...
fought near Livorno with the win of
Genoa
Genoa ( ; it, Genova ; lij, Zêna ). is the capital of the Italian region of Liguria and the List of cities in Italy, sixth-largest city in Italy. In 2015, 594,733 people lived within the city's administrative limits. As of the 2011 Italian ce ...
.
* 1303 - built.
* 1399 - Livorno sold by
Pisa
Pisa ( , or ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, central Italy, straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Pisa. Although Pisa is known worldwide for its leaning tower, the cit ...
to the
Visconti
Visconti is a surname which may refer to:
Italian noble families
* Visconti of Milan, ruled Milan from 1277 to 1447
** Visconti di Modrone, collateral branch of the Visconti of Milan
* Visconti of Pisa and Sardinia, ruled Gallura in Sardinia from ...
.
* 1407 - Livorno becomes part of the
Republic of Genoa
The Republic of Genoa ( lij, Repúbrica de Zêna ; it, Repubblica di Genova; la, Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the 11th century to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast. During the Lat ...
.
* 1421 - Livorno becomes part of the
Republic of Florence
The Republic of Florence, officially the Florentine Republic ( it, Repubblica Fiorentina, , or ), was a medieval and early modern state that was centered on the Italian city of Florence in Tuscany. The republic originated in 1115, when the Flo ...
Port of Livorno
The Port of Livorno is one of the largest Italian seaports and one of the largest seaports in the Mediterranean Sea, with an annual traffic capacity of around 30 million tonnes of cargo and 700,000 TEU's.
The port is also an important employer ...
construction begins.
* 1575 - Pisa-Livorno
Navicelli channel
The Navicelli Channel is a channel built between 1563 and 1575 to connect Pisa with the port of Livorno. The name originates from the so-called '' navicelli'', small sized Tuscan boats that transported goods on the channel across the Pisan pla ...
created.
* 1603 -
Synagogue of Livorno
The Synagogue of Livorno is a historic synagogue in Livorno, Italy.
''Tempio Maggiore'' (1603)
The first Synagogue of Livorno, called ''Tempio Maggiore'', dates back to 1603. The synagogue was built in a modest and simple style by Claudio Cog ...
built.
* 1606
** Livorno attains city status.
** built.
* 1626 - Monument of the Four Moors erected in the Piazza Micheli. Retrieved 15 December 2016
* 1630 - area development begins.
* 1645 - Old English Cemetery, Livorno established (until 1838).
* 1653 - 4 March:
Naval battle
Naval warfare is combat in and on the sea, the ocean, or any other battlespace involving a major body of water such as a large lake or wide river. Mankind has fought battles on the sea for more than 3,000 years. Even in the interior of large lan ...
fought near city during the
First Anglo-Dutch War
The First Anglo-Dutch War, or simply the First Dutch War, ( nl, Eerste Engelse (zee-)oorlog, "First English (Sea) War"; 1652–1654) was a conflict fought entirely at sea between the navies of the Commonwealth of England and the Dutch Republic, ...
.
* 1691 -
Port
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Ham ...
declared
Free port
Free economic zones (FEZ), free economic territories (FETs) or free zones (FZ) are a class of special economic zone (SEZ) designated by the trade and commerce administrations of various countries. The term is used to designate areas in which com ...
.
* 1718 - Status as free port confirmed in the
War of the Quadruple Alliance
The War of the Quadruple Alliance (1718–1720) was caused by Spanish attempts to recover territories in Italy (geographical region), Italy ceded in the 1713 Peace of Utrecht. Largely focused on Sicily, it included minor engagements in North Amer ...
.
* 1742 - Earthquake. (includes chronology)( it)
* 1796 - French forces enter city.
* 1806 -
Roman Catholic Diocese of Livorno
The Italian Catholic Diocese of Livorno ( la, Dioecesis Liburnensis) in Tuscany, was created in 1806. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Pisa.
* 1842 - built.
* 1847 - (theatre) opens.
* 1848 -
Cisternino di città
The Cisternoni of Livorno are a series of three large buildings in the neoclassical style at Livorno, in Tuscany, Italy. They were constructed between 1829 and 1848 as part of a complex of purification plants and storage tanks to the Leopold ...
built.
* 1849 - May: by Austrian forces during the
First Italian War of Independence
The First Italian War of Independence ( it, Prima guerra d'indipendenza italiana), part of the Italian Unification (''Risorgimento''), was fought by the Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont) and Italian volunteers against the Austrian Empire and other ...
.
* 1856 -
Santa Maria del Soccorso, Livorno
Santa Maria del Soccorso (''Our Lady of the Rescue'') is a Neoclassical style, Roman Catholic, Marian votive church in central Livorno. The tall brick church facade is located scenically at the end of Via Magenta, and has a park surrounding it. ...
free port
Free economic zones (FEZ), free economic territories (FETs) or free zones (FZ) are a class of special economic zone (SEZ) designated by the trade and commerce administrations of various countries. The term is used to designate areas in which com ...
status ends.
* 1871 - Population: 97,096.
* 1872 - Chamber of Commerce headquartered in the .
* 1881 -
Italian Naval Academy
The Italian Naval Academy (Italian: ''Accademia Navale'') is a coeducational military university in Livorno, which is responsible for the technical training of military officers of the Italian Navy.
History The Hospitals The Hospital of St. Jame ...
A.S. Livorno Calcio
Unione Sportiva Livorno 1915 (formerly A.S. Livorno Calcio, commonly known as Livorno), is a semi-professional Italian football club based in Livorno, Tuscany. They compete in Serie D, the top tier of semi-professional Italian football after t ...
(football club) formed.
* 1920 - Scuola Labronica artists' group formed.
* 1921 - January: held in Livorno.
* 1935
** (railway) begins operating.
** Stadio Edda Ciano Mussolini (stadium) opens.
* 1940 - in World War II begins.
* 1942 - built.
* 1943 - City bombed by allied forces in World War II; cathedral demolished.
* 1944
** Bombing by allied forces.
** becomes mayor.
* 1945 - Bombing of Livorno ends.
* 1953 - Cathedral reconstructed.
* 1954 - becomes mayor.
* 1962 - New
Synagogue of Livorno
The Synagogue of Livorno is a historic synagogue in Livorno, Italy.
''Tempio Maggiore'' (1603)
The first Synagogue of Livorno, called ''Tempio Maggiore'', dates back to 1603. The synagogue was built in a modest and simple style by Claudio Cog ...
built.
* 1978 - ''
Il Tirreno
''Il Tirreno'' (English: "The Tyrrhenian") is a regional Italian newspaper, printed in Livorno and serving the Tuscany region. ''Il Tirreno'' also features sixteen local editions around the whole region.
History
It was founded in 1877 under th ...
'' newspaper in publication.
* 1985 - May: held.
* 1992 - becomes mayor.
* 1994 - (museum) moves into the .
21st century
* 2004 -
Alessandro Cosimi
Alessandro Cosimi (born 10 November 1955 in Livorno) is an Italian politician.
After two terms as municipal councillor (1995-1999; 1999-2004), he ran for Mayor of Livorno at the 2004 local elections, supported by a centre-left coalition. He wa ...
Filippo Nogarin
Filippo Nogarin (born 4 September 1970 in Livorno) is an Italian politician.
He is a member of the Five Star Movement and he served as Mayor of Livorno from 9 June 2014 to 11 June 2019.
Nogarin was a candidate for the European Parliament at ...
Luca Salvetti
Luca Salvetti (born 9 September 1966 in Livorno) is an Italian politician and journalist.
He ran for Mayor of Livorno at the 2019 local elections, supported by the Democratic Party in a centre-left coalition. He was elected on 9 June and took of ...
becomes mayor.
See also
* and
Timeline
A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events.
Timelines can use any suitable scale representi ...
(in Italian)
*
List of mayors of Livorno
The Mayor of Livorno is an elected politician who, along with the Livorno's City Council, is accountable for the strategic government of Livorno in Tuscany, Italy. The current Mayor is Luca Salvetti, a centre-left independent, who took office on ...
*
History of Tuscany
Tuscany is named after its pre-Roman inhabitants, the Etruscans. It was ruled by Rome for many centuries. In the Middle Ages, it saw many invasions, but in the Renaissance period it helped lead Europe back to civilization. Later, it settled down ...
Other cities in the
macroregion A macroregion is a geopolitical subdivision that encompasses several traditionally or politically defined regions or countries. The meaning may vary, with the common denominator being cultural, economical, historical or social similarity within a ma ...
of
Central Italy
Central Italy ( it, Italia centrale or just ) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region, and a European Parliament constituency.
Regions
Central It ...
Timeline of Ancona
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Ancona in the Marche region of Italy.
Prior to 18th century
* 390 BCE – Greek colony founded by Syracusans (approximate date).
* 268 BCE – Romans in power. Retrieved 2 January 201 ...
, Marche region
*
Timeline of Arezzo
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Arezzo in the Tuscany region of Italy.
Prior to 18th century
* 4th century BCE – Etruscans build wall around Arretium.
* 294 BCE – Arretium attacked by Gallic forces.
* 1st centu ...
, Tuscany region
*
Timeline of Florence
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Florence, Tuscany, Italy.
The earliest timeline of Florence, the ''Annales florentini'', was created in the 12th century.
Prior to 14th century
* 59 BCE – Roman colony founded (appr ...
Timeline of Perugia
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Perugia in the Umbria region of Italy.
Prior to 17th century
* 310 BCE - Romans in power; settlement named " Perusia."
* 3rd century BCE - Etruscan built.
* 216 and 205 BCE - Assisted ...
Timeline of Rome
The city of Rome, Italy, has had an extensive history since antiquity.
Early history
* 1000 BC – Latins begin to settle in Italy
Republic
*499 BC - A battle against foreign tribes commences, including the construction of the Temple of Ca ...
Italian Wikipedia
The Italian Wikipedia ( it, Wikipedia in italiano) is the Italian-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was created on May 11, 2001 and first edited on June 11, 2001. As of , , it has articles and more than registered accounts. It is th ...
.''
Bibliography
in English
*
*
*
*
*
in Italian
* 1842-
* P. Volpi, Guida del Forestiere per la città e contorni di Livorno, 1846.
*
* P. Vigo, Livorno. Aspetti storici-artistici, Bergamo 1915.
*
* G. Nudi. Storia urbanistica di Livorno: Dalle origini al secolo XVI (Venice, 1959)
* L. Bortolotti. Livorno dal 1748 al 1958: Profilo storico-urbanistico (Florence, 1970)
* A. Melosi, Resistenza, dopoguerra e ricostruzione a Livorno. 1944/48, S. Giovanni in Persiceto (Bo) 1984.
*
*
* A. Santini, 400 anni di Livorno, Pisa 2006.
* A. Prosperi (a cura di), Livorno 1606–1806. Luogo di incontro tra popoli e culture, Torino, Allemandi, 2009.
External links
* (
state archives
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
Europeana
Europeana is a web portal created by the European Union containing digitised cultural heritage collections of more than 3,000 institutions across Europe. It includes records of over 50 million cultural and scientific artefacts, brought togethe ...
Digital Public Library of America
The Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) is a US project aimed at providing public access to digital holdings in order to create a large-scale public digital library. It officially launched on April 18, 2013, after two and a half years of dev ...
Livorno
Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 158,493 residents in December 2017. It is traditionally known in English as Leghorn (pronou ...
livorno
Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 158,493 residents in December 2017. It is traditionally known in English as Leghorn (pronou ...