The Tiki Formation is a

Late Triassic The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch (geology), epoch of the Triassic geologic time scale, Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between annum, Ma and Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch ...

(

Carnian The Carnian (less commonly, Karnian) is the lowermost stage of the Upper Triassic Series (or earliest age of the Late Triassic Epoch). It lasted from 237 to 227 million years ago (Ma). The Carnian is preceded by the Ladinian and is followed by t ...

Norian The Norian is a division of the Triassic Period. It has the rank of an age (geochronology) or stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227 to million years ago. It was preceded by the Carnian and succeeded by the Rhaetian. Stratigraphic defi ...

) geologic

formation Formation may refer to: Linguistics * Back-formation, the process of creating a new lexeme by removing or affixes * Word formation, the creation of a new word by adding affixes Mathematics and science * Cave formation or speleothem, a secondar ...

Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (, ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the seco ...

, northern

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

.Tiki Formation
at

Fossilworks Fossilworks is a portal which provides query, download, and analysis tools to facilitate access to the Paleobiology Database The Paleobiology Database is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals ...

.org

Dinosaur Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago (mya), although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is t ...

remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, although none have yet been referred to a specific

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

Phytosaur Phytosaurs (Φυτόσαυροι in greek) are an extinct group of large, mostly semiaquatic Late Triassic archosauriform reptiles. Phytosaurs belong to the order Phytosauria. Phytosauria and Phytosauridae are often considered to be equivalent g ...

remains attributable to the genus '' Volcanosuchus'' have also been found in the Tiki Formation.Chatterjee, 1978 The genera '' Tikiodon'', ''

Tikitherium ''Tikitherium'' is an extinct genus of mammaliaforms from the Late Triassic. It is thought to be an insectivore and a close relative to Docodonta. ''Tikitherium'' refers to Tiki, the village located near the Tiki Formation where the specimen wa ...

'' and ''

Tikisuchus ''Tikisuchus'' is an extinct genus of rauisuchid archosauromorph. It is known from the Late Triassic Tiki Formation in the Shahdol District of central India and was the first rauisuchid to have been found in Asia. The horizon from which remain ...

'' and species '' Rewaconodon tikiensis'', '' Hyperodapedon tikiensis'' and '' Parvodus tikiensis'' have been named after the Tiki Formation.

Fossil content

The following fossils have been described from the formation:

Cynodonts

Other fossils

Reptiles

* '' Hyperodapedon huxleyi''Lydekker, 1885 * '' H. tikiensis''Mukherjee & Ray, 2015 * ''

Parasuchus hislopi ''Parasuchus'' is an extinct genus of Basal (phylogenetics), basal phytosaur known from the Late Triassic (late Carnian to early Norian stage) of Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, India. At its most restricted definition, ''Parasuchus'' contains ...

'' * '' Tikisuchus romeri'' * '' Volcanosuchus statisticae'' * Ornithischia indet.Datta et al., 2005 * Phytosauria indet.Mukherjee & Ray, 2012 * Pseudosuchia indet.Huene, 1940 * Sphenodontia indet. * Theropoda indet.

Temnospondyls

* '' Metoposaurus sp.''Chatterjee & Majumdar, 1987 * '' Cynodontia indet.''

Correlations

The Tiki Formation is considered a temporal equivalent of the

Lower Maleri Formation The Lower Maleri Formation is a sedimentary rock formation found in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India. It is the lowermost member of the Pranhita–Godavari Basin. It is of late Carnian to early Norian age (Upper Triassic), and is notable ...

. The majority of the Tiki Formation correlates with the

Ischigualasto Formation The Ischigualasto Formation is a Late Triassic fossiliferous formation and Lagerstätte in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin of the southwestern La Rioja Province and northeastern San Juan Province in northwestern Argentina. The formation da ...

of Argentina, the upper part of the

Santa Maria Formation The Santa Maria Formation is a sedimentary rock formation found in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is primarily Carnian in age (Late Triassic), and is notable for its fossils of cynodonts, "rauisuchian" pseudosuchians, and early dinosaurs and oth ...

, and the overlying lower

Caturrita Formation The Caturrita Formation is a rock formation found in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Its sediments were deposited in the Paraná Basin. The formation is from the Upper Triassic and forms part of the Santa Maria Supersequence in the upper section of th ...

of Brazil, the Isalo II Beds of Madagascar,

Lossiemouth Sandstone The Lossiemouth Sandstone is a Middle to Late Triassic (Ladinian to Norian) age geological formation. It is exposed on the south side of the Moray Firth near Lossiemouth and near Golspie in Sutherland. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils th ...

of Scotland, and the lower

Tecovas Formation The Tecovas Formation is a geological formation in Texas.Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Triassic, North America)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berk ...

of the Chinle Group of North America.

References

Bibliography

* * * * * * * * * * * {{cite LSA , last=

Lydekker Richard Lydekker (; 25 July 1849 – 16 April 1915) was an English naturalist, geologist and writer of numerous books on natural history. Biography Richard Lydekker was born at Tavistock Square in London. His father was Gerard Wolfe Lydekker, ...

, first=R , year=1885 , title=The Reptilia & Amphibia of the Maleria & Denwa Groups , journal= Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India. Palaeontologia Indica, Series IV. Indian Pretertiary Vertebrata , volume=1 , pages=1–38 Geologic formations of India Triassic System of Asia Triassic India Carnian Stage Norian Stage Mudstone formations Sandstone formations Fluvial deposits Lacustrine deposits Paleontology in India Formations

Fossil content

Cynodonts

Other fossils

Reptiles

Temnospondyls

Amphibians

Fish

Flora

Correlations

See also

References

Bibliography