''Tianyi bao'' (

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of va ...

: 天義報; ''Journal of Natural Justice'') was an

anarcho-feminist Anarcha-feminism, also referred to as anarchist feminism, is a system of analysis which combines the principles and power analysis of anarchist theory with feminism. Anarcha-feminism closely resembles intersectional feminism. Anarcha-feminism ...

magazine which was published in

Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, with an estimated 37.468 ...

, Japan, for two years between 1907 and 1908. It was started by the Chinese exiles and closed down by the

Government of Japan The Government of Japan consists of legislative, executive and judiciary branches and is based on popular sovereignty. The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan, adopted in 1947. It is a unitary state, c ...

History and profile

''Tianyi bao'' was established in Tokyo by

Liu Shipei Liu Shipei (; 24 June 1884 – 20 December 1919) was a philologist, Chinese anarchist, and revolutionary activist. While he and his wife, He Zhen were in exile in Japan he became a fervent nationalist. He then saw the doctrines of anarchism a ...

and He Zen in 1907. The magazine featured articles written by a group of anarchists which is called the Tokyo anarchists, including Jing Meijiu. In contrast to the westernized Chinese anarchists in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

this group much more firmly criticized

imperialism Imperialism is the state policy, practice, or advocacy of extending power and dominion, especially by direct territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control of other areas, often through employing hard power (economic and ...

and

Western culture Leonardo da Vinci's ''Vitruvian Man''. Based on the correlations of ideal Body proportions">human proportions with geometry described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius in Book III of his treatise ''De architectura''. image:Plato Pio-Cle ...

and supported feminism. They also adopted the views of

Peter Kropotkin Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin (; russian: link=no, Пётр Алексе́евич Кропо́ткин ; 9 December 1842 – 8 February 1921) was a Russian anarchist, socialist, revolutionary, historian, scientist, philosopher, and activis ...

concerning the fusion of agriculture and industry in social organization and of mental and manual labor. The articles by He Zhen were mostly about her feminist project, and she argued that their goal was to destroy the old society and practice human equality. She supported not only women's revolution, but also racial, political and economic revolutions in her writings. The magazine occasionally employed

Esperanto Esperanto ( or ) is the world's most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Created by the Warsaw-based ophthalmologist L. L. Zamenhof in 1887, it was intended to be a universal second language for international communi ...

, for instance, in the title of a photo of the French anarchist

Élisée Reclus Jacques Élisée Reclus (; 15 March 18304 July 1905) was a French geographer, writer and anarchist. He produced his 19-volume masterwork, ''La Nouvelle Géographie universelle, la terre et les hommes'' ("Universal Geography"), over a period of ...

, and published the Esperanto anthem by

L. L. Zamenhof L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 185914 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language. Zamenhof first dev ...

. Liu Shipei also published an article about Esperanto. ''Tianyi bao'' was banned by the Japanese authorities and ceased publication in 1908 immediately following the publication of a translation of the

Communist Manifesto ''The Communist Manifesto'', originally the ''Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (german: Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei), is a political pamphlet written by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Commissioned by the Comm ...

in January 1908. It was succeeded by another anarchist publication entitled ''Hengbao''.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tianyi bao 1907 establishments in Japan 1908 disestablishments in Japan Anarchist periodicals Banned magazines Censorship in Japan Chinese-language magazines Communist magazines Defunct political magazines published in Japan Feminist magazines Magazines established in 1907 Magazines disestablished in 1908 Magazines published in Tokyo