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The Thomas-Morse O-19 was an American observation biplane built by the
Thomas-Morse Aircraft The Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation was an American aircraft manufacturer, until it was taken over by the Consolidated Aircraft Corporation in 1929. History Founded in 1910 by English immigrants William T. Thomas and his brother Oliver W. T ...
Company for the
United States Army Air Corps The United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) was the aerial warfare service component of the United States Army between 1926 and 1941. After World War I, as early aviation became an increasingly important part of modern warfare, a philosophical r ...
.


Development

The O-19 was based on the earlier Thomas-Morse O-6 biplane. It was a conventional two-seat biplane of metal construction with fabric-covered wings and tail surfaces. The design was evaluated with a number of different engine installations and the type was ordered into production as the O-19B with a Pratt & Whitney R-1340-7 Wasp radial engine.


Variants

;XO-19 :Improved version of the XO-6 with a Pratt & Whitney R-1340-3 engine, one built. ;YO-20 :Similar to the XO-19 with a Pratt & Whitney R-1690-1 engine, one built. ;XO-21 :Similar to the XO-19 with a Curtiss H-1640-1 engine, one built, later re-engined as the XO-21A. ;XO-21A :The XO-21 fitted with a Wright R-1750-1 engine. ;O-19 :Service evaluation aircraft with a Pratt & Whitney R-1340-9, two built. ;O-19A :O-19 without the 88 US Gallon main fuel tank, one built. ;O-19B :Production version with a Pratt & Whitney R-1340-7 engine, two machine-guns and modified cockpit, 70 built. ;O-19C :O-19B with tailwheel, ring cowl and minor changes, 71 built. ;O-19D :One O-19C converted as a VIP staff transport with dual controls. ;O-19E :O-19C with extended upper-span wing and a Pratt & Whitney R-1340-15 engine, 30 built. ;O-21 :O-19 with Curtiss H-1640 Chieftain engine, one built, one converted. ;YO-23 :XO-19 with a Curtiss V-1570-1 Conqueror engine, one built. ;Y1O-33 :One O-19B re-engined with a Curtiss V-1570-11 engine and revised tail surfaces, one converted. ;Y1O-41 :A sesqui-plane conversion of the Y1O-33 with a Curtiss V-1570-79 engine, one converted. Later modified by
Consolidated Aircraft The Consolidated Aircraft Corporation was founded in 1923 in aviation, 1923 by Reuben H. Fleet in Buffalo, New York, the result of the Gallaudet Aircraft Company's liquidation and Fleet's purchase of designs from the Dayton-Wright Company as the ...
as their Model 23 and exported to Mexico. ;Y1O-42 :High-wing monoplane version of the Y1O-41, static test airframe only.http://airplane.designation-systems.net/O.xls


Operators

; *
Philippine Army Air Corps The Philippine Army Air Corps ( fil, Pulutong Himpapawid ng Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas; es, Cuerpo Aéreo del Ejercito Filipino) was created in 1935 as the air component of the Philippine Army. It was the predecessor of the Philippine Air F ...
; *
United States Army Air Corps The United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) was the aerial warfare service component of the United States Army between 1926 and 1941. After World War I, as early aviation became an increasingly important part of modern warfare, a philosophical r ...


Specifications (O-19B)


See also


References

;Notes ;Bibliography * John Andrade, U.S.Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909, Midland Counties Publications, 1979, (Page 137 and 138) * The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 3000 {{Wright Field project numbers 1920s United States military reconnaissance aircraft O-19 Single-engined tractor aircraft Biplanes Aircraft first flown in 1929