The Third Battle of Tucson was a battle during the
Spanish colonization
Colonization, or colonisation, constitutes large-scale population movements wherein migrants maintain strong links with their, or their ancestors', former country – by such links, gain advantage over other inhabitants of the territory. When ...
of
Sonora
Sonora (), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sonora), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is d ...
, now the present day
Arizona in the
United States. The battle pitched the
Apache
The Apache () are a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe (Bedonkohe or Mogollon and Nednhi or Carrizaleño an ...
warriors against the Spanish
cavalry
Historically, cavalry (from the French word ''cavalerie'', itself derived from "cheval" meaning "horse") are soldiers or warriors who fight mounted on horseback. Cavalry were the most mobile of the combat arms, operating as light cavalry ...
garrison
A garrison (from the French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a mil ...
of
Tucson.
Battle
On
Christmas Day, December 25, 1782, Apache attacked Tucson for a third time, specifically to raid the
cattle herds.
General Pedro Allande y Saabedra described the attack later:
"''More than 200 seized the cattle which were recovered by the parties of troops which he dispatched in their pursuit inasmuch as the wound in his leg was still open. They were able to kill six of the Apache aggressors, whose heads were cut off.''"
The heads were later placed along the presidio walls, meant to scare off potential threats. Specific Spanish casualties are not known. Apaches would
attack
Attack may refer to:
Warfare and combat
* Offensive (military)
* Charge (warfare)
* Attack (fencing)
* Strike (attack)
* Attack (computing)
* Attack aircraft
Books and publishing
* ''The Attack'' (novel), a book
* '' Attack No. 1'', comic an ...
again, two years later, to try a capture Spanish
livestock again.
See also
*
History of Tucson, Arizona
The history of Tucson, Arizona began thousands of years ago. Paleo-Indians practiced plant husbandry and hunted game in the Santa Cruz River Valley from . Archaic peoples began making irrigation canals, some of the first in North America, around . ...
*
Siege of Tubac
*
American Indian Wars
*
Apache Wars
The Apache Wars were a series of armed conflicts between the United States Army and various Apache tribal confederations fought in the southwest between 1849 and 1886, though minor hostilities continued until as late as 1924. After the Mexic ...
*
Navajo Wars
References
# Bancroft, Hubert Howe, 1888, ''History of Arizona and New Mexico, 1530–1888.'' The History Company, San Francisco.
# Cooper, Evelyn S., 1995, ''Tucson in Focus: The Buehman Studio.'' Arizona Historical Society, Tucson. ().
#
Dobyns, Henry F., 1976, ''Spanish Colonial Tucson.'' University of Arizona Press, Tucson. ().
# Drachman, Roy P., 1999, ''From Cowtown to Desert Metropolis: Ninety Years of Arizona Memories.'' Whitewing Press, San Francisco. ().
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1782 in New Spain
Tucson 3