Thermoanaerobacter Kivui
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''Thermoanaerobacter kivui'' (formerly ''Acetogenium kivui'') is a thermophilic, anaerobic, non
spore In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, f ...
-forming species of
bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...
. ''T. kivui'' was originally isolated from Lake Kivu in
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
. The growth range for the organism is 50 to 72°C at pH 5.3-7.3, with optimal growth conditions at 66°C and pH 6.4. Although the organism
stains A stain is an unwanted localized discoloration, often in fabrics or textiles. Stain(s) or The Stain(s) may also refer to: Color * Stain (heraldry), a non-standard tincture * Staining, in biology, a technique used to highlight contrast in samples ...
Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...
, it shows a Gram-positive cell structure. The original genus ''Acetogenium'' was named because this organism principally produces
acetic acid Acetic acid , systematically named ethanoic acid , is an acidic, colourless liquid and organic compound with the chemical formula (also written as , , or ). Vinegar is at least 4% acetic acid by volume, making acetic acid the main component ...
from substrates. ''T. kivui'' was originally named ''Acetogenium kivui'', which was the only species within a new genus. However, further
16S ribosomal RNA 16 S ribosomal RNA (or 16 S rRNA) is the RNA component of the 30S subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome (SSU rRNA). It binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and provides most of the SSU structure. The genes coding for it are referred to as 16S rRNA ...
studies put this bacterium into genus '' Thermoanaerobacter'' and the previous genus was no longer necessary.M.D. Collins, P.A. Lawson, A. Willems, J.J. Cordoba, J. Fernadez-Garayzabal, P. Garcia, J. Cai, H. Hippie, J.A.E. Farrow. The Phylogeny of the Genus Clostridium: Proposal of Five New Genera and Eleven New Species Combinations. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. October 1994 vol. 44 no. 4 812-826 doi: 10.1099/00207713-44-4-812.


References


External links


Type strain of ''Thermoanaerobacter kivui'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3990300 Thermoanaerobacterales Thermophiles Anaerobes Bacteria described in 1983