Theridion

''Theridion'' is a genus of tangle-web spiders with a worldwide distribution. Notable species are the Hawaiian happy face spider (''T. grallator''), named for the iconic symbol on its abdomen, and '' T. nigroannulatum'', one of few spider species that lives in social groups, attacking prey en masse to overwhelm them as a team.

Identification

Spiders in this genus are about as long or longer then they are wide. Their chelicerae have two or less teeth on the front edge and none on the back edge. The front leg is the longest in both genders, but the next longest is the second leg in males and the fourth leg in females. The epigyne can vary, but the pedipalp has a median apophysis and a colulus is absent from both genders. In several species, the males have mastidia (projections) on the chelicerae.

''Theridion'' has the anterior eye row slightly curved and with a gap between it and the posterior eye row. This distinguishes it from '' Enoplognatha'', another theridiid genus in which the anterior eye row is almost straight and the gap between eye rows is very small.

Ecology

''Theridion'' build tangle webs, usually under leaves and among vegetation. At night, spiders hang upside-down in these webs. During the day, they hide close by their webs.

''Philodromus cespitum'', a species of running crab spider, preys on ''Theridion'' spiders in European fruit orchards.

Mating

Mating behaviour has been studied in several ''Theridion'' species. It involves pseudocopulation, numerous sperm inductions and copulatory sequences. The male approaches the female to mate, usually in the latter's retreat (a hood-shaped part of the web where the female lives in). Male ''Theridion'' perform contralateral insertions, inserting their left palp into the female's right introductory duct and vice versa for the right palp. Female ''Theridion'' are less aggressive after mating compared to other genera of theridiids.

Species

There are almost 600 described species of ''Theridion''. However, the genus has traditionally been assigned species that lack a colulus and did not fit into other genera (wastebasket taxon). New species continue to be described on a regular basis.
* '' T. abruptum'' Simon, 1884 — North Africa
* '' T. accoense'' Levy, 1985 — Israel
* '' T. acutitarse'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* '' T. adjacens'' (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896) — Mexico to Panama
* '' T. adrianopoli'' Drensky, 1915 — Bulgaria, Greece, Crete, Turkey
* '' T. aeolium'' Levi, 1963 — USA
* '' T. agrarium'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. agreste'' Nicolet, 1849 — Chile
* '' T. agrifoliae'' Levi, 1957 — USA, Canada
* '' T. akme'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* '' T. akron'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* '' T. albidorsum'' Strand, 1909 — South Africa
* '' T. albidum'' Banks, 1895 — USA, Canada
* '' T. albioculum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. albipes'' L. Koch, 1878 — Russia, Georgia
* '' T. albocinctum'' Urquhart, 1892 — New Zealand
* '' T. albodecoratum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* '' T. albolineatum'' Nicolet, 1849 — Chile
* '' T. albolineolatum'' Caporiacco, 1940 — Ethiopia
* '' T. albomaculosum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 — Sri Lanka
* '' T. albopictum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* '' T. albostriatum'' (L. Koch, 1867) — New Guinea, Queensland, Tonga, Norfolk Islands
* '' T. albulum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 — Panama
* '' T. altum'' Levi, 1963 — Paraguay
* '' T. amarga'' Levi, 1967 — Chile, Argentina
* '' T. amatitlan'' Levi, 1963 — Guatemala
* '' T. ambiguum'' Nicolet, 1849 — Chile
* '' T. ampascachi'' Mello-Leitão, 1941 — Argentina
* '' T. ampliatum'' Urquhart, 1892 — New Zealand
* '' T. angusticeps'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. angustifrons'' Caporiacco, 1934 — Karakorum
* '' T. annulipes'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 — Sri Lanka
* '' T. anson'' Levi, 1967 — Juan Fernandez Islands
* '' T. antillanum'' Simon, 1894 — West Indies
* '' T. antron'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. apiculatum'' Roewer, 1942 — Queensland
* '' T. aporum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. apostoli'' Mello-Leitão, 1945 — Argentina
* '' T. apulco'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. aragua'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* '' T. archeri'' Levi, 1959 — Cuba
* '' T. argentatulum'' Roewer, 1942 — New Zealand
* '' T. arizonense'' Levi, 1957 — USA
* '' T. artum'' Levi, 1959 — Panama, Trinidad
* '' T. aruanum'' Strand, 1911 — Aru Islands
* '' T. arushae'' Caporiacco, 1947 — Tanzania
* '' T. asbolodes'' Rainbow, 1917 — South Australia
* '' T. astrigerum'' Thorell, 1895 — Myanmar
* '' T. atratum'' Thorell, 1877 — Sulawesi
* '' T. attritum'' (Simon, 1908) — Western Australia
* '' T. auberti'' Simon, 1904 — South Africa
* '' T. aulos'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. australe'' Banks, 1899 — USA, Mexico, West Indies
* '' T. baccula'' Thorell, 1887 — Myanmar
* '' T. baltasarense'' Levi, 1963 — Windward Islands
* '' T. banksi'' Berland, 1920 — East Africa
* '' T. barbarae'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. beebei'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* '' T. bellatulum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. bergi'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
* '' T. berlandi'' Roewer, 1942 — Samoa
* '' T. betteni'' Wiehle, 1960 — Palearctic
* '' T. bicruciatum'' Roewer, 1961 — Senegal
* '' T. bidepressum'' Yin, Peng & Zhang, 2005 — China
* '' T. biezankoi'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. biforaminum'' Gao & Zhu, 1993 — China
* '' T. biolleyi'' Banks, 1909 — Costa Rica
* '' T. biseriatum'' Thorell, 1890 — Sumatra
* '' T. bitakum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
* '' T. blackwalli'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1871 — Europe, Russia, Ukraine, North Africa
* '' T. blaisei'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* '' T. boesenbergi'' Strand, 1904 — Europe, Russia, Ukraine
* '' T. bolivari'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. bolum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. bomae'' Schmidt, 1957 — Congo
* '' T. botanicum'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* '' T. brachypus'' Thorell, 1887 — Myanmar
* '' T. bradyanum'' Strand, 1907 — South Africa
* '' T. brunellii'' Caporiacco, 1940 — Ethiopia
* '' T. brunneonigrum'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. bryantae'' Roewer, 1951 — Mexico
* '' T. bullatum'' Tullgren, 1910 — Tanzania
* '' T. buxtoni'' Berland, 1929 — Samoa, Henderson Islands, Tuamotu Arch.
* '' T. calcynatum'' Holmberg, 1876 — Venezuela to Argentina
* '' T. californicum'' Banks, 1904 — USA, Canada
* '' T. caliginosum'' Marples, 1955 — Samoa
* '' T. cameronense'' Levi, 1957 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. campestratum'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* '' T. caplandense'' Strand, 1907 — South Africa
* '' T. carinatum'' Yin, Peng & Zhang, 2005 — China
* '' T. carpathium'' Brignoli, 1984 — Greece
* '' T. cassinicola'' Simon, 1907 — Guinea-Bissau
* '' T. castaneum'' Franganillo, 1931 — Cuba
* '' T. catharina'' Marples, 1955 — Samoa
* '' T. cavipalpe'' (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902) — Guatemala
* '' T. cazieri'' Levi, 1959 — Bahama Islands
* '' T. centrum'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* '' T. chacoense'' Levi, 1963 — Bolivia
* '' T. chakinuense'' Wunderlich, 1995 — Turkmenistan
* '' T. chamberlini'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. charitonowi'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. cheimatos'' Gertsch & Archer, 1942 — USA
* '' T. cheni'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. chihuahua'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. chiriqui'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* '' T. chonetum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. choroni'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* '' T. cinctipes'' Banks, 1898 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. cinereum'' Thorell, 1875 — Russia, Ukraine
* '' T. circumtextum'' Simon, 1907 — Guinea-Bissau
* '' T. climacode'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* '' T. clivalum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. cloxum'' Roberts, 1983 — Aldabra
* '' T. clypeatellum'' Tullgren, 1910 — East Africa
* '' T. cochise'' Levi, 1963 — USA
* '' T. cochrum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. cocosense'' Strand, 1906 — Costa Rica
* '' T. coenosum'' Thorell, 1887 — Myanmar
* '' T. cohni'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. coldeniae'' Baert & Maelfait, 1986 — Galapagos Islands
* '' T. comstocki'' Berland, 1920 — East Africa
* '' T. confusum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1885 — Yarkand
* '' T. conigerum'' Simon, 1914 — Europe, Russia
* '' T. contreras'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. convexellum'' Roewer, 1942 — Queensland, New South Wales
* '' T. convexisternum'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. corcyraeum'' Brignoli, 1984 — Corfu
* '' T. costaricaense'' Levi, 1963 — Costa Rica to Venezuela
* '' T. cowlesae'' Levi, 1957 — USA
* '' T. coyoacan'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. crinigerum'' Simon, 1881 — Corsica, Italy, Morocco, Algeria
* '' T. cruciferum'' Urquhart, 1886 — New Zealand
* '' T. crucum'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. cuspulatum'' Schmidt & Krause, 1998 — Cape Verde Islands
* '' T. cuyutlan'' Levi, 1963 — Mexico
* '' T. cynicum'' Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. dafnense'' Levy & Amitai, 1982 — Israel
* '' T. darolense'' Strand, 1906 — Ethiopia
* '' T. davisorum'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. dayongense'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. decemmaculatum'' Thorell, 1890 — Sumatra
* '' T. decemperlatum'' (Simon, 1889) — Madagascar
* '' T. dedux'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1904 — South Africa
* '' T. delicatum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1904 — South Africa
* '' T. derhami'' Simon, 1895 — Sierra Leone, Gabon, Bioko
* '' T. diadematum'' Chrysanthus, 1963 — New Guinea
* '' T. dianiphum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* '' T. differens'' Emerton, 1882 — USA, Canada
* '' T. dilucidum'' Simon, 1897 — Costa Rica to Venezuela, West Indies
* '' T. dilutum'' Levi, 1957 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. dividuum'' Gertsch & Archer, 1942 — USA
* '' T. dominica'' Levi, 1963 — Dominica
* '' T. dreisbachi'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. dubium'' Bradley, 1877 — New Guinea
* '' T. dukouense'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. dulcineum'' Gertsch & Archer, 1942 — USA
* '' T. durbanicum'' Lawrence, 1947 — South Africa
* '' T. ecuadorense'' Levi, 1963 — Ecuador
* '' T. egyptium'' Fawzy & El Erksousy, 2002 — Egypt
* '' T. electum'' (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896) — Mexico
* '' T. elegantissimum'' Roewer, 1942 — Taiwan
* '' T. elevatum'' Thorell, 1881 — Queensland
* '' T. elimatum'' L. Koch, 1882 — Mallorca
* '' T. elisabethae'' Roewer, 1951 — Mexico
* '' T. elli'' Sedgwick, 1973 — Chile
* '' T. ellicottense'' Dobyns & Bond, 1996 — USA
* '' T. emertoni'' Berland, 1920 — East Africa
* '' T. epiense'' Berland, 1938 — New Hebrides
* '' T. eremum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. eugeni'' Roewer, 1942 — Bioko
* '' T. evexum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Mexico, West Indies to Brazil
* '' T. excavatum'' F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902 — Guatemala
* '' T. exlineae'' Levi, 1963 — Ecuador, Peru
* '' T. expallidatum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1885 — Yarkand
* '' T. familiare'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1871 — Palearctic
* '' T. fastosum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Ecuador, Peru
* '' T. fatuhivaense'' Berland, 1933 — Marquesas Islands
* '' T. femorale'' Thorell, 1881 — Queensland
* '' T. femoratissimum'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. fernandense'' Simon, 1907 — Bioko
* '' T. filum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* '' T. flabelliferum'' Urquhart, 1887 — New Zealand
* '' T. flavonotatum'' Becker, 1879 — USA, Cuba
* '' T. flavoornatum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* '' T. fornicatum'' Simon, 1884 — Sudan
* '' T. frio'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. frizzellorum'' Levi, 1963 — Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
* '' T. frondeum'' Hentz, 1850 — USA, Bahama Islands
* '' T. fruticum'' Simon, 1890 — Yemen
* '' T. fungosum'' Keyserling, 1886 — Ecuador, Peru
* '' T. furfuraceum'' Simon, 1914 — France, Algeria, Syria
* '' T. fuscodecoratum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* '' T. fuscomaculatum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* '' T. fuscum'' Franganillo, 1930 — Cuba
* '' T. gabardi'' Simon, 1895 — Sri Lanka
* '' T. galerum'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* '' T. gekkonicum'' Levy & Amitai, 1982 — Israel
* '' T. geminipunctum'' Chamberlin, 1924 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. genistae'' Simon, 1873 — Western Mediterranean to Uzbekistan
** ''T. genistae turanicum'' Charitonov, 1946 — Uzbekistan
* '' T. gentile'' Simon, 1881 — Corsica, Algeria
* '' T. gertschi'' Levi, 1959 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. gibbum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* '' T. gigantipes'' Keyserling, 1890 — New South Wales, Victoria
* '' T. giraulti'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* '' T. glaciale'' Caporiacco, 1934 — Karakorum
* '' T. glaucescens'' Becker, 1879 — USA, Canada
* '' T. glaucinum'' Simon, 1881 — France
* '' T. goodnightorum'' Levi, 1957 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. gracilipes'' Urquhart, 1889 — New Zealand
* '' T. grallator'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* '' T. gramineum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. grammatophorum'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* '' T. grancanariense'' Wunderlich, 1987 — Canary Islands
* '' T. grandiosum'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* '' T. grecia'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico to Venezuela
* '' T. gyirongense'' Hu & Li, 1987 — China
* '' T. hainenense'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. haleakalense'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* '' T. hannoniae'' Denis, 1944 — Europe, North Africa, Madeira, Canary Islands
* '' T. hartmeyeri'' Simon, 1908 — Western Australia
* '' T. hassleri'' Levi, 1963 — Hispaniola
* '' T. hebridisianum'' Berland, 1938 — New Hebrides
* '' T. helophorum'' Thorell, 1895 — Java
* '' T. hemerobium'' Simon, 1914 — USA, Canada, Europe
* '' T. hermonense'' Levy, 1991 — Israel
* '' T. hewitti'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Ethiopia
* '' T. hidalgo'' Levi, 1957 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. hierichonticum'' Levy & Amitai, 1982 — Israel
* '' T. hispidum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 — Mexico, West Indies to Paraguay
* '' T. histrionicum'' Thorell, 1875 — Balkans
* '' T. hondurense'' Levi, 1959 — Honduras
* '' T. hopkinsi'' Berland, 1929 — Samoa
* '' T. hotanense'' Zhu & Zhou, 1993 — China
* '' T. huanuco'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* '' T. hufengensis'' Tang, Yin & Peng, 2005 — China
* '' T. hui'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. humboldti'' Levi, 1967 — Peru
* '' T. hummeli'' Schenkel, 1936 — China
* '' T. idiotypum'' Rainbow, 1917 — South Australia
* '' T. illecebrosum'' Simon, 1886 — Senegal
* '' T. impegrum'' Keyserling, 1886 — Brazil
* '' T. impressithorax'' Simon, 1895 — Philippines
* '' T. incanescens'' Simon, 1890 — Yemen
* '' T. incertissimum'' (Caporiacco, 1954) — French Guiana, Brazil
* '' T. incertum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1885 — India
* '' T. incomtum'' (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896) — Guatemala
* '' T. inconspicuum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* '' T. indicum'' Tikader, 1977 — Andaman Islands
* '' T. innocuum'' Thorell, 1875 — Russia, Ukraine
* '' T. inquinatum'' Thorell, 1878 — Myanmar, Singapore, Amboina
** ''T. inquinatum continentale'' Strand, 1907 — China
* '' T. insignitarse'' Simon, 1907 — Gabon
* '' T. intritum'' (Bishop & Crosby, 1926) — USA
* '' T. iramon'' Levi, 1963 — Colombia, Ecuador
* '' T. ischagosum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
* '' T. isorium'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* '' T. istokpoga'' Levi, 1957 — USA to Panama
* '' T. italiense'' Wunderlich, 1995 — Italy
* '' T. jordanense'' Levy & Amitai, 1982 — Israel
* '' T. kambalum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
* '' T. karamayense'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* '' T. kauaiense'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* '' T. kawea'' Levi, 1957 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. kibonotense'' Tullgren, 1910 — East Africa
* '' T. kiliani'' Müller & Heimer, 1990 — Colombia
* '' T. kobrooricum'' Strand, 1911 — Aru Islands
* '' T. kochi'' Roewer, 1942 — Samoa
* '' T. kollari'' Doleschall, 1852 — Austria
* '' T. kraepelini'' Simon, 1905 — Java
* '' T. kraussi'' Marples, 1957 — Fiji
* '' T. lacticolor'' Berland, 1920 — Kenya, Yemen, Madagascar
* '' T. laevigatum'' Blackwall, 1870 — Italy
* '' T. lago'' Levi, 1963 — Ecuador
* '' T. lamperti'' Strand, 1906 — Ethiopia
* '' T. lanceatum'' Zhang & Zhu, 2007 — China
* '' T. lapidicola'' Kulczynski, 1887 — Italy
* '' T. latisternum'' Caporiacco, 1934 — Karakorum
* '' T. lawrencei'' Gertsch & Archer, 1942 — USA
* '' T. leechi'' Gertsch & Archer, 1942 — USA, Canada
* '' T. leguiai'' Chamberlin, 1916 — Colombia, Peru
* '' T. lenzianum'' Strand, 1907 — South Africa
* '' T. leones'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. leucophaeum'' Simon, 1905 — India
* '' T. leve'' Blackwall, 1877 — Seychelles
* '' T. leviorum'' Gertsch & Riechert, 1976 — USA
* '' T. liaoyuanense'' (Zhu & Yu, 1982) — China
* '' T. limatum'' Tullgren, 1910 — Tanzania
* '' T. limitatum'' L. Koch, 1872 — Queensland, New South Wales
* '' T. linaresense'' Levi, 1963 — Chile
* '' T. linzhiense'' Hu, 2001 — China
* '' T. llano'' Levi, 1957 — USA
* '' T. lomirae'' Roewer, 1938 — New Guinea
* '' T. logan'' Levi and Patrick, 2013 — USA
* '' T. longicrure'' Marples, 1956 — New Zealand
* '' T. longihirsutum'' Strand, 1907 — China
* '' T. longipalpum'' Zhu, 1998 — China, Korea
* '' T. longipedatum'' Roewer, 1942 — Colombia
* '' T. ludekingi'' Thorell, 1890 — Java
* '' T. ludius'' Simon, 1880 — Malaysia to Australia, New Caledonia
* '' T. lumabani'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
* '' T. luteitarse'' Schmidt & Krause, 1995 — Cape Verde Islands
* '' T. macei'' Simon, 1895 — Congo
* '' T. machu'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* '' T. macropora'' Tang, Yin & Peng, 2006 — China
* '' T. macuchi'' Levi, 1963 — Ecuador
* '' T. maculiferum'' Roewer, 1942 — Zanzibar
* '' T. magdalenense'' Müller & Heimer, 1990 — Colombia
* '' T. maindroni'' Simon, 1905 — India
* '' T. manjithar'' Tikader, 1970 — India
* '' T. manonoense'' Marples, 1955 — Samoa
* '' T. maranum'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* '' T. maron'' Levi, 1963 — Paraguay
* '' T. martini'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* '' T. mataafa'' Marples, 1955 — Samoa
* '' T. mauense'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. mauiense'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* '' T. mehlum'' Roberts, 1983 — Aldabra
* '' T. melanoplax'' Schmidt & Krause, 1996 — Canary Islands
* '' T. melanoprorum'' Thorell, 1895 — Myanmar
** ''T. melanoprorum orientale'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* '' T. melanosternon'' Mello-Leitão, 1947 — Brazil
* '' T. melanostictum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1876 — Mediterranean, Aldabra, Seychelles, China, Japan, USA, Hispaniola
* '' T. melanurum'' Hahn, 1831 — Holarctic, Azores
* '' T. melinum'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* '' T. mendozae'' Berland, 1933 — Marquesas Islands
* '' T. meneghettii'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. metabolum'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 — Panama
* '' T. metator'' Simon, 1907 — Guinea-Bissau
* '' T. michelbacheri'' Levi, 1957 — USA
* '' T. micheneri'' Levi, 1963 — Panama
* '' T. minutissimum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Panama, Peru
* '' T. minutulum'' Thorell, 1895 — Myanmar
* '' T. miserum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* '' T. modestum'' (Simon, 1894) — Sri Lanka
* '' T. molliculum'' Thorell, 1899 — Cameroon
* '' T. mollissimum'' L. Koch, 1872 — Australia, Samoa
* '' T. montanum'' Emerton, 1882 — USA, Canada, Alaska, Norway, Finland, Russia
* '' T. monzonense'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* '' T. mortuale'' Simon, 1908 — Western Australia
* '' T. morulum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 — USA, Mexico
* '' T. murarium'' Emerton, 1882 — North America
* '' T. musivivoides'' Schmidt & Krause, 1995 — Cape Verde Islands
* '' T. musivivum'' Schmidt, 1956 — Canary Islands
* '' T. musivum'' Simon, 1873 — Mediterranean
* '' T. myersi'' Levi, 1957 — USA, Mexico, Jamaica
* '' T. mystaceum'' L. Koch, 1870 — Palearctic
* '' T. mysteriosum'' Schmidt, 1971 — Ecuador
* '' T. nadleri'' Levi, 1959 — Trinidad
* '' T. nagorum'' Roberts, 1983 — Aldabra
* '' T. nasinotum'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* '' T. nasutum'' Wunderlich, 1995 — Sardinia
* '' T. necijaense'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
* '' T. negebense'' Levy & Amitai, 1982 — Israel
* '' T. neomexicanum'' Banks, 1901 — USA, Canada
* '' T. neshamini'' Levi, 1957 — USA
* '' T. nesticum'' Levi, 1963 — Trinidad
* '' T. nigriceps'' Keyserling, 1891 — Brazil
* ''Theridion nigroannulatum, T. nigroannulatum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Ecuador, Peru
* ''Theridion nigroplagiatum, T. nigroplagiatum'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* ''Theridion nigropunctatum, T. nigropunctatum'' Lucas, 1846 — Mediterranean
* ''Theridion nigropunctulatum, T. nigropunctulatum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion nigrosacculatum, T. nigrosacculatum'' Tullgren, 1910 — Tanzania
* ''Theridion nigrovariegatum, T. nigrovariegatum'' Simon, 1873 — Palearctic
* ''Theridion pierre, T. pierre'' Levi and Patrick, 2013 — USA
* ''Theridion nilgherinum, T. nilgherinum'' Simon, 1905 — India
* ''Theridion niphocosmum, T. niphocosmum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* ''Theridion niveopunctatum, T. niveopunctatum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion niveum, T. niveum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 — Mexico
* ''Theridion nivosum, T. nivosum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* ''Theridion nodiferum, T. nodiferum'' Simon, 1895 — Sri Lanka
* ''Theridion nojimai, T. nojimai'' Yoshida, 1999 — Japan
* ''Theridion nudum, T. nudum'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico, Panama
* ''Theridion oatesi, T. oatesi'' Thorell, 1895 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion obscuratum, T. obscuratum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion ochreolum, T. ochreolum'' Levy & Amitai, 1982 — Israel
* ''Theridion octoferum, T. octoferum'' Strand, 1909 — South Africa
* ''Theridion odoratum, T. odoratum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion ohlerti, T. ohlerti'' Thorell, 1870 — Holarctic
** ''T. ohlerti lundbecki'' Sørensen, 1898 — Greenland
* ''Theridion olaup, T. olaup'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion omiltemi, T. omiltemi'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico, Guatemala
* ''Theridion onticolum, T. onticolum'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* ''Theridion opolon, T. opolon'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion opuntia, T. opuntia'' Levi, 1963 — Mexico
* ''Theridion orgea, T. orgea'' (Levi, 1967) — Brazil
* ''Theridion orlando, T. orlando'' (Archer, 1950) — USA
* ''Theridion osprum, T. osprum'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* ''Theridion oswaldocruzi, T. oswaldocruzi'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion otsospotum, T. otsospotum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
* ''Theridion palanum, T. palanum'' Roberts, 1983 — Aldabra
* ''Theridion palgongense, T. palgongense'' Paik, 1996 — Korea
* ''Theridion pallidulum, T. pallidulum'' Roewer, 1942 — East Africa
* ''Theridion palmgreni, T. palmgreni'' Marusik & Tsellarius, 1986 — Finland, Poland, Estonia, Russia
* ''Theridion pandani, T. pandani'' Simon, 1895 — Cambodia
* ''Theridion panganii, T. panganii'' Caporiacco, 1947 — Tanzania
* ''Theridion paraense, T. paraense'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion parvulum, T. parvulum'' Blackwall, 1870 — Sicily
* ''Theridion parvum, T. parvum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Peru
* ''Theridion patrizii, T. patrizii'' Caporiacco, 1933 — Libya
* ''Theridion pelaezi, T. pelaezi'' Levi, 1963 — Mexico
* ''Theridion pennsylvanicum, T. pennsylvanicum'' Emerton, 1913 — USA, Canada
* ''Theridion perkinsi, T. perkinsi'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* ''Theridion pernambucum, T. pernambucum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion perpusillum, T. perpusillum'' Simon, 1885 — Malaysia
* ''Theridion petraeum, T. petraeum'' L. Koch, 1872 — Holarctic
* ''Theridion petrunkevitchi, T. petrunkevitchi'' Berland, 1920 — East Africa
* ''Theridion phaeostomum, T. phaeostomum'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* ''Theridion pictum, T. pictum'' (Walckenaer, 1802) — Holarctic
* ''Theridion pigrum, T. pigrum'' Keyserling, 1886 — Brazil
* ''Theridion pilatum, T. pilatum'' Urquhart, 1893 — Tasmania
* ''Theridion piligerum, T. piligerum'' Frauenfeld, 1867 — Nicobar Islands
* ''Theridion piliphilum, T. piliphilum'' Strand, 1907 — South Africa
* ''Theridion pinastri, T. pinastri'' L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic
* ''Theridion pinguiculum, T. pinguiculum'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* ''Theridion pinicola, T. pinicola'' Simon, 1873 — Corsica
* ''Theridion pires, T. pires'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion piriforme, T. piriforme'' Berland, 1938 — New Hebrides
* ''Theridion plaumanni, T. plaumanni'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela, Brazil
* ''Theridion plectile, T. plectile'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* ''Theridion plumipes, T. plumipes'' Hasselt, 1882 — Sumatra
* ''Theridion pluviale, T. pluviale'' Tullgren, 1910 — Tanzania
* ''Theridion poecilum, T. poecilum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion porphyreticum, T. porphyreticum'' Urquhart, 1889 — New Zealand
* ''Theridion positivum, T. positivum'' Chamberlin, 1924 — USA, West Indies to Paraguay
* ''Theridion posticatum, T. posticatum'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* ''Theridion postmarginatum, T. postmarginatum'' Tullgren, 1910 — Tanzania
* ''Theridion praeclusum, T. praeclusum'' Tullgren, 1910 — Tanzania
* ''Theridion praemite, T. praemite'' Simon, 1907 — Sierra Leone
* ''Theridion praetextum, T. praetextum'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
** ''T. praetextum concolor'' Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
* ''Theridion prominens, T. prominens'' Blackwall, 1870 — Italy
* ''Theridion proximum, T. proximum'' Lawrence, 1964 — South Africa
* ''Theridion puellae, T. puellae'' Locket, 1980 — Comoro Islands
* ''Theridion pulanense, T. pulanense'' Hu, 2001 — China
* ''Theridion pumilio, T. pumilio'' Urquhart, 1886 — New Zealand
* ''Theridion punctipes, T. punctipes'' Emerton, 1924 — USA, Mexico
* ''Theridion punicapunctatum, T. punicapunctatum'' Urquhart, 1891 — New Zealand
* ''Theridion punongpalayum, T. punongpalayum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 — Philippines
* ''Theridion purcelli, T. purcelli'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1904 — St. Helena, South Africa
* ''Theridion pyramidale, T. pyramidale'' L. Koch, 1867 — Queensland, New South Wales
* ''Theridion pyrenaeum, T. pyrenaeum'' Denis, 1944 — Spain, Andorra
* ''Theridion qingzangense, T. qingzangense'' Hu, 2001 — China
* ''Theridion quadratum, T. quadratum'' (O. P.-Cambridge, 1882) — Sri Lanka, Sumatra
* ''Theridion quadrilineatum, T. quadrilineatum'' Lenz, 1886 — Madagascar
* ''Theridion quadripapulatum, T. quadripapulatum'' Thorell, 1895 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion quadripartitum, T. quadripartitum'' Keyserling, 1891 — Brazil
* ''Theridion rabuni, T. rabuni'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944 — USA, Bahama Islands
* ''Theridion rafflesi, T. rafflesi'' Simon, 1899 — Sumatra
* ''Theridion rampum, T. rampum'' Levi, 1963 — Peru, Venezuela
* ''Theridion ravum, T. ravum'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* ''Theridion refugum, T. refugum'' Drensky, 1929 — Austria, Balkans, Bulgaria, Greece, Russia
* ''Theridion reinhardti, T. reinhardti'' Charitonov, 1946 — Uzbekistan
* ''Theridion resum, T. resum'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* ''Theridion retreatense, T. retreatense'' Strand, 1909 — South Africa
* ''Theridion retrocitum, T. retrocitum'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* ''Theridion rhodonotum, T. rhodonotum'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* ''Theridion ricense, T. ricense'' Levi, 1959 — Puerto Rico
* ''Theridion rossi, T. rossi'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* ''Theridion rostriferum, T. rostriferum'' Simon, 1895 — West Africa
* ''Theridion rothi, T. rothi'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* ''Theridion rubiginosum, T. rubiginosum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Brazil
* ''Theridion rubrum, T. rubrum'' (Keyserling, 1886) — Brazil
* ''Theridion rurrenabaque, T. rurrenabaque'' Levi, 1963 — Bolivia
* ''Theridion ruwenzoricola, T. ruwenzoricola'' Strand, 1913 — Central Africa
* ''Theridion saanichum, T. saanichum'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 — USA, Canada, Alaska
* ''Theridion sabinjonis, T. sabinjonis'' Strand, 1913 — Central Africa
* ''Theridion sadani, T. sadani'' Monga & Singh, 1989 — India
* ''Theridion samoense, T. samoense'' Berland, 1929 — Samoa
* ''Theridion sanctum, T. sanctum'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* ''Theridion sangzhiense, T. sangzhiense'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion sardis, T. sardis'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944 — USA
* ''Theridion saropus, T. saropus'' Thorell, 1887 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion schlingeri, T. schlingeri'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* ''Theridion schrammeli, T. schrammeli'' Levi, 1963 — Mexico
* ''Theridion sciaphilum, T. sciaphilum'' Benoit, 1977 — St. Helena
* ''Theridion semitinctum, T. semitinctum'' Simon, 1914 — Spain, France, Balearic is.
* ''Theridion senckenbergi, T. senckenbergi'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* ''Theridion septempunctatum, T. septempunctatum'' Berland, 1933 — Marquesas Islands
* ''Theridion serpatusum, T. serpatusum'' Guan & Zhu, 1993 — China
* ''Theridion sertatum, T. sertatum'' Simon, 1909 — Vietnam
* ''Theridion setiferum, T. setiferum'' Roewer, 1942 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion setosum, T. setosum'' L. Koch, 1872 — Queensland, New Hebrides, Samoa, New Caledonia
* ''Theridion setum, T. setum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion seximaculatum, T. seximaculatum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion sibiricum, T. sibiricum'' Marusik, 1988 — Russia, Mongolia
* ''Theridion sinaloa, T. sinaloa'' Levi, 1959 — Mexico
* ''Theridion sisyphium, T. sisyphium'' (Clerck, 1757) — Palearctic
** ''T. sisyphium foliiferum'' Thorell, 1875 — Spain
** ''T. sisyphium torandae'' Strand, 1917 — Yarkand, Karakorum
* ''Theridion soaresi, T. soaresi'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion societatis, T. societatis'' Berland, 1934 — Tahiti
* ''Theridion solium, T. solium'' Benoit, 1977 — St. Helena
* ''Theridion spinigerum, T. spinigerum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* ''Theridion spinitarse, T. spinitarse'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1876 — North Africa
* ''Theridion spinosissimum, T. spinosissimum'' Caporiacco, 1934 — Karakorum
* ''Theridion squalidum, T. squalidum'' Urquhart, 1886 — New Zealand
* ''Theridion stamotum, T. stamotum'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* ''Theridion stannardi, T. stannardi'' Levi, 1963 — Mexico
* ''Theridion strepitus, T. strepitus'' Peck & Shear, 1987 — Galapagos Islands
* ''Theridion striatum, T. striatum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Brazil
* ''Theridion styligerum, T. styligerum'' F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902 — Mexico, Guatemala
* ''Theridion subitum, T. subitum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1885 — India
* ''Theridion submirabile, T. submirabile'' Zhu & Song, 1993 — China, Korea
* ''Theridion submissum, T. submissum'' Gertsch & Davis, 1936 — USA, Mexico, Bahama Islands, Jamaica
* ''Theridion subpingue, T. subpingue'' Simon, 1908 — Western Australia
* ''Theridion subradiatum, T. subradiatum'' Simon, 1901 — Malaysia
* ''Theridion subrotundum, T. subrotundum'' Keyserling, 1891 — Brazil
* ''Theridion subvittatum, T. subvittatum'' Simon, 1889 — India
* ''Theridion sulawesiense, T. sulawesiense'' Marusik & Penney, 2005 — Sulawesi
* ''Theridion swarczewskii, T. swarczewskii'' Wierzbicki, 1902 — Azerbaijan
* ''Theridion taegense, T. taegense'' Paik, 1996 — Korea
* ''Theridion tahitiae, T. tahitiae'' Berland, 1934 — Tahiti
* ''Theridion tamerlani, T. tamerlani'' Roewer, 1942 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion tayrona, T. tayrona'' Müller & Heimer, 1990 — Colombia
* ''Theridion tebanum, T. tebanum'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela
* ''Theridion teliferum, T. teliferum'' Simon, 1895 — Sri Lanka
* ''Theridion tenellum, T. tenellum'' C. L. Koch, 1841 — Greece
* ''Theridion tenuissimum, T. tenuissimum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion teresae, T. teresae'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion tessellatum, T. tessellatum'' Thorell, 1899 — Cameroon
* ''Theridion teutanoides, T. teutanoides'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* ''Theridion thaleri, T. thaleri'' Marusik, 1988 — Russia
* ''Theridion thalia, T. thalia'' Workman, 1878 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion theridioides, T. theridioides'' (Keyserling, 1890) — China, Queensland, New South Wales
* ''Theridion thorelli, T. thorelli'' L. Koch, 1865 — New South Wales
* ''Theridion tigrae, T. tigrae'' Esyunin & Efimik, 1996 — Russia
* ''Theridion tikaderi, T. tikaderi'' Patel, 1973 — India
* ''Theridion timpanogos, T. timpanogos'' Levi, 1957 — USA
* ''Theridion tinctorium, T. tinctorium'' Keyserling, 1891 — Brazil
* ''Theridion t, T. t-notatum'' Thorell, 1895 — Myanmar, Singapore
* ''Theridion todinum, T. todinum'' Simon, 1880 — New Caledonia
* ''Theridion topo, T. topo'' Levi, 1963 — Ecuador
* ''Theridion torosum, T. torosum'' Keyserling, 1884 — Peru
* ''Theridion trahax, T. trahax'' Blackwall, 1866 — Africa
* ''Theridion transgressum, T. transgressum'' Petrunkevitch, 1911 — USA, Mexico
* ''Theridion trepidum, T. trepidum'' O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 — Mexico to Panama
* ''Theridion triangulare, T. triangulare'' Franganillo, 1936 — Cuba
* ''Theridion trifile, T. trifile'' Simon, 1907 — West, East Africa
* ''Theridion trigonicum, T. trigonicum'' Thorell, 1890 — Sumatra, Java
* ''Theridion tristani, T. tristani'' Levi, 1959 — Costa Rica
* ''Theridion triviale, T. triviale'' Thorell, 1881 — Australia
* ''Theridion trizonatum, T. trizonatum'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* ''Theridion tubicola, T. tubicola'' Doleschall, 1859 — Java, Moluccas, New Guinea
* ''Theridion tungurahua, T. tungurahua'' Levi, 1963 — Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil
* ''Theridion turrialba, T. turrialba'' Levi, 1959 — Costa Rica
* ''Theridion uber, T. uber'' Keyserling, 1884 — Brazil
* ''Theridion uhligi, T. uhligi'' Martin, 1974 — Europe
* ''Theridion umbilicus, T. umbilicus'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion uncatum, T. uncatum'' F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902 — Mexico
* ''Theridion undatum, T. undatum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion undulanotum, T. undulanotum'' Roewer, 1942 — New Hebrides
* ''Theridion urnigerum, T. urnigerum'' Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion ursoi, T. ursoi'' Caporiacco, 1947 — Ethiopia
* ''Theridion urucum, T. urucum'' Levi, 1963 — Brazil
* ''Theridion usitum, T. usitum'' Strand, 1913 — Central Africa
* ''Theridion utcuyacu, T. utcuyacu'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* ''Theridion valleculum, T. valleculum'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* ''Theridion vallisalinarum, T. vallisalinarum'' Levy & Amitai, 1982 — Israel
* ''Theridion vanhoeffeni, T. vanhoeffeni'' Strand, 1909 — South Africa
* ''Theridion varians, T. varians'' Hahn, 1833 — Holarctic
** ''T. varians cyrenaicum'' Caporiacco, 1933 — Libya
** ''T. varians melanotum'' Strand, 1907 — Germany
** ''T. varians rusticum'' Simon, 1873 — Western Mediterranean
* ''Theridion ventricosum, T. ventricosum'' Rainbow, 1916 — Queensland
* ''Theridion vespertinum, T. vespertinum'' Levy, 1985 — Israel
* ''Theridion viridanum, T. viridanum'' Urquhart, 1887 — New Zealand
* ''Theridion volubile, T. volubile'' Keyserling, 1884 — Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru
* ''Theridion vosserleri, T. vosserleri'' Strand, 1907 — East Africa
* ''Theridion vossi, T. vossi'' Strand, 1907 — Cameroon
* ''Theridion vossioni, T. vossioni'' Simon, 1884 — Sudan
* ''Theridion vulvum, T. vulvum'' Levi, 1959 — Panama
* ''Theridion weberi, T. weberi'' Thorell, 1892 — Singapore
* ''Theridion weyrauchi, T. weyrauchi'' Levi, 1963 — Peru
* ''Theridion whitcombi, T. whitcombi'' Sedgwick, 1973 — Chile
* ''Theridion wiehlei, T. wiehlei'' Schenkel, 1938 — Spain, France, Algeria
* ''Theridion workmani, T. workmani'' Thorell, 1887 — Myanmar
* ''Theridion xianfengense, T. xianfengense'' Zhu & Song, 1992 — China, Taiwan
* ''Theridion xinjiangense, T. xinjiangense'' (Hu & Wu, 1989) — China
* ''Theridion yani, T. yani'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion yuma, T. yuma'' Levi, 1963 — USA
* ''Theridion yunnanense, T. yunnanense'' Schenkel, 1963 — China
* ''Theridion zantholabio, T. zantholabio'' Urquhart, 1886 — New Zealand
* ''Theridion zebra, T. zebra'' Caporiacco, 1949 — Kenya
* ''Theridion zebrinum, T. zebrinum'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion zekharya, T. zekharya'' Levy, 2007 — Israel
* ''Theridion zhangmuense, T. zhangmuense'' Hu, 2001 — China
* ''Theridion zhaoi, T. zhaoi'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion zhoui, T. zhoui'' Zhu, 1998 — China
* ''Theridion zonarium, T. zonarium'' Keyserling, 1884 — Peru
* ''Theridion zonatum, T. zonatum'' Eydoux & Souleyet, 1841 — Unknown
* ''Theridion zonulatum, T. zonulatum'' Thorell, 1890 — Sumatra

References

External links

Society-focused spiders live and hunt together
- NewScientist.com

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1949480

Theridiidae
Araneomorphae genera
Cosmopolitan spiders