Theodor Hartig (21 February 1805 – 26 March 1880) was a German

forestry Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, planting, using, conserving and repairing forests, woodlands, and associated resources for human and environmental benefits. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands. Th ...

biologist and botanist.

Biography

Hartig was born in

Dillenburg Dillenburg, officially Oranienstadt Dillenburg, is a town in Hesse's Gießen (region), Gießen region in Germany. The town was formerly the seat of the old Dillkreis district, which is now part of the Lahn-Dill-Kreis. The town lies on the German-N ...

. He was educated in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

(1824–1827), and was successively lecturer and professor of forestry at the University of Berlin (1831–1838) and at the Carolinum, Braunschweig. Hartig was the first to discover and name the

sieve tube element Sieve elements are specialized cells that are important for the function of phloem, which is a highly organized tissue that transports organic compounds made during photosynthesis. Sieve elements are the major conducting cells in phloem. Conductin ...

cells (as ''Siebfasern'' - sieve fibres and ''Siebröhren'' - sieve tubes) in 1837. His zoologist author abbreviation is Hartig. He described many

gall wasp Gall wasps, also incorrectly called gallflies, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of this generall ...

species. In 1842, Theodor Hartig described what is now known as the

Hartig net Hartig net is a network of inward-growing Hypha, hyphae, that extends into the root, penetrating between the epidermis and cortex of ectomycorrhizal plants. This network is a site of nutrient exchange between the fungus and the host plant. The Har ...

, a network of fungal hyphae that penetrate feeder roots and surround epidermal cells. The Hartig net is part of the structure of ectomycorrizae, mutualistic symbioses between fungi and plant roots. He died in

Braunschweig Braunschweig () or Brunswick ( , from Low German ''Brunswiek'' , Braunschweig dialect: ''Bronswiek'') is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, north of the Harz Mountains at the farthest navigable point of the river Oker, which connects it to the Nor ...

Works

*1836
Forstliches und forstnaturwissenschaftliches Conversations-Lexicon. Georg Ludwig Hartig and Theodor Hartig
*1840. Über die Familie der Gallwespen
Zeitschrift für die Entomologie, ed. von E.F. Germar, 2: 176–209
*1841. Erster Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen
Zeitschrift für die Entomologie, ed. von E.F. Germar, 3: 322–358
*1843. Zweiter Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen
Zeitschrift für die Entomologie, ed. von E.F. Germar, 4: 395–422
*1851. Vergleichende Untersuchungen über den Ertrag der Rotbuche (2nd ed.) *1860. Die Aderflügler Deutschlands (2nd ed.) *1866
Forstwissenschaftliches Examinatorium den Waldbau betreffend
*187
Luft-, Boden- und Pflanzenkunde in ihrer Anwendung auf Forstwirtschaft und Gartenbau, bearbeitet von Theodor Hartig für alle Freunde und Pfleger der wissenschaftlicher Botanik
*1878
Anatomie und physiologie der holzpflanzen. Dargestellt in der entstehungsweise und im entwickelungsverlaufe der einzelzelle, der zellsysteme, der pflanzenglieder und der gesammtpflanze
In collaboration with his father,

Georg Ludwig Hartig Georg Ludwig Hartig (September 2, 1764 – February 2, 1837) was a German forester. Education Hartig was born at Gladenbach, in present-day Hesse. After obtaining a practical knowledge of forestry from his uncle at Harzburg, he studied from 1 ...

, he published the work entitled, ''Forstliches und naturwissenschaftliches Konversationslexikon''. The eleventh edition of his father's ''Lehrbuch für Förster'', the later reprints of which he had revised, was published in 1877.

Family

He was the son of

(1764–1837), a German forester. His son

Robert The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

(1839–1901) was a forest scientist and mycologist who is considered the "father of forest pathology".

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hartig, Theodor 1805 births 1880 deaths Technical University of Braunschweig faculty 19th-century German botanists German entomologists German foresters Humboldt University of Berlin alumni Humboldt University of Berlin faculty