Theodor Gartner (4 November 1843 — 29 April 1925) was an Austrian linguist,

Romance Romance (from Vulgar Latin , "in the Roman language", i.e., "Latin") may refer to: Common meanings * Romance (love), emotional attraction towards another person and the courtship behaviors undertaken to express the feelings * Romance languages, ...

philologist and professor.

Biography

He is also known for his study of the

Ukrainian language Ukrainian ( uk, украї́нська мо́ва, translit=ukrainska mova, label=native name, ) is an East Slavic language of the Indo-European language family. It is the native language of about 40 million people and the official state langu ...

and as a co-author (with

Stepan Smal-Stotsky Stepan Yosypovych Smal-Stotsky ( uk, Степан Йосипович Смаль-Стоцький, pl, Stepan Smal-Stocki) was a Ukrainian linguist and academician, Slavist, cultural and political figure, member of the Union for the Liberation of ...

) of the monograph and textbook on the grammar of the Ukrainian language.http://encyclopedia.kiev.ua/articles/files/gartner.pdf After graduating from the University of Vienna, from 1868 to 1885 he taught in schools in Hungary. Since 1885, he was a professor of Romance Philology at the University of Chernivtsi. He conducted studies of Romanian accents on the territory of Bukovina. Living among

Ukrainians Ukrainians ( uk, Українці, Ukraintsi, ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. They are the seventh-largest nation in Europe. The native language of the Ukrainians is Ukrainian language, Ukrainian. The majority ...

, he got interested in their language, first of all in

grammar In linguistics, the grammar of a natural language is its set of structure, structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clause (linguistics), clauses, phrases, and words. The term can also refer to the study of such constraint ...

phonetics Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds, or in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign. Linguists who specialize in studying the physical properties of speech are phoneticians. ...

and

vocabulary A vocabulary is a set of familiar words within a person's language. A vocabulary, usually developed with age, serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and acquiring knowledge. Acquiring an extensive vocabulary is one of the la ...

. He studied

under the guidance of

, the head of Ukrainian language and literature department. Studying with textbooks of that time, he found a certain inconsistency and contradictions in them. In co-authorship with Smal-Stotsky, he published in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

the work "Grammatik der Ruthenischen Sprache" ("Grammar of the Ruthenian . e. UkrainianLanguage", 1913). In addition, together with Smal-Stotsky he wrote the textbook for secondary schools "Ruska Grammatika" ("Ruthenian . e. UkrainianGrammar", Chernivtsi, 1893), which had four editions and until 1928 served as a textbook on the Ukrainian language in secondary schools in Galicia and Bukovyna. He participated in the drawing up of spelling in the Western Ukraine on the phonetic principle, as opposed to the existing etymological one. In his works he insisted that the Ukrainian language comes directly from the Proto-Slavic language, and not from the Old Russian language, he proved its kinship with the Serbian language, which caused sharp criticism and debate. Since 1899 he was a professor of French at University of Chernivtsi, then – until 1913 – he was head of newly founded department of romance philology at Innsbruck University. Since 1897, he was an honorable member of the Academic Brotherhood "Arminia" in Chernivtsi. He authored a number of works on the Hungarian and Romani language.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gartner, Theodor 1843 births 1925 deaths Linguists from Austria