Kamala Khan is a

superheroine A superhero or superheroine is a stock character that typically possesses ''superpowers'', abilities beyond those of ordinary people, and fits the role of the hero, typically using his or her powers to help the world become a better place, ...

who appears in

American comic book An American comic book is a thin periodical originating in the United States, on average 32 pages, containing comics. While the form originated in 1933, American comic books first gained popularity after the 1938 publication of ''Action Comics'' ...

s published by Marvel Comics. Created by editors Sana Amanat and Stephen Wacker, writer G. Willow Wilson, and artists Adrian Alphona and Jamie McKelvie, Kamala is Marvel's first

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

character and South Asian American personality with her own comic book. She made her first appearance in '' Captain Marvel'' #14 (August 2013) before starring in the solo series '' Ms. Marvel'', which debuted in February 2014. In the

Marvel Universe The Marvel Universe is a fictional shared universe where the stories in most American comic book titles and other media published by Marvel Comics take place. Super-teams such as the Avengers, the X-Men, the Fantastic Four, the Guardians of ...

, Kamala is a teenage

Pakistani-American Pakistani Americans ( ur, ) are Americans who originate from Pakistan. The term may also refer to people who also hold a dual Pakistani and U.S. citizenship. Educational attainment level and household income are much higher in the Pakistani-Am ...

from

Jersey City, New Jersey Jersey City is the second-most populous city in the U.S. state of New Jersey, after Newark.Inhuman Inhuman may refer to: Comics *Inhumans, a fictional race in Marvel Comics ** ''Inhuman'' (comics), a comic book series focusing on Inhumans ** ''Inhumans'' (TV series), a television series set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe *Kristoff Vernard, ...

genes in the aftermath of the " Inhumanity" storyline. She assumes the mantle of Ms. Marvel from her idol, Carol Danvers, after Danvers becomes Captain Marvel. Marvel's announcement that a Muslim character would headline a comic book attracted widespread attention, and the first volume of ''Ms. Marvel'' won the

Hugo Award The Hugo Award is an annual literary award for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year, given at the World Science Fiction Convention and chosen by its members. The Hugo is widely considered the premier a ...

for best graphic story in 2015. Iman Vellani plays the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe

miniseries A miniseries or mini-series is a television series that tells a story in a predetermined, limited number of episodes. "Limited series" is another more recent US term which is sometimes used interchangeably. , the popularity of miniseries format h ...

'' Ms. Marvel'' (2022), and is scheduled to reprise the role in the film '' The Marvels'' (2023). From 2016 to 2019, the character was voiced by Kathreen Khavari in animated series such as '' Avengers Assemble'', '' Marvel Rising'', and ''

Spider-Man Spider-Man is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, he first appeared in the anthology comic book '' Amazing Fantasy'' #15 (August 1962) in the ...

''. She was voiced by Sandra Saad in the video game '' Marvel's Avengers'' (2020) and the animated series '' Spidey and His Amazing Friends'' (2021).

Overview

Creative origins

Marvel Comics announced in November 2013 that Kamala Khan, a teenage American Muslim from

Jersey City, New Jersey Jersey City is the second-most populous city in the U.S. state of New Jersey, after Newark.Ms. Marvel'' in February 2014. The series, written by G. Willow Wilson and drawn by Adrian Alphona, marked the first time a Muslim character headlined a Marvel Comics book. Noelene Clark of the '' Los Angeles Times'' noted that Kamala is not the first Muslim character in comic books; other Muslim characters include

Simon Baz Simon Baz, one of the characters known as Green Lantern, is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, created by writer Geoff Johns and artist Doug Mahnke. Baz is an officer of the Green Lantern Corps, an extraterre ...

, Dust and M. The character was conceived during a conversation between Marvel editors Sana Amanat and Stephen Wacker. Amanat said, "I was telling him ackersome crazy anecdote about my childhood, growing up as a Muslim American. He found it hilarious". They then told Wilson about the concept, and Wilson was eager to join it. Amanat said that the series came from a "desire to explore the Muslim-American diaspora from an authentic perspective". Artist Jamie McKelvie based Kamala's costume on his redesign of Carol Danvers as Captain Marvel and on Dave Cockrum's design of the original Ms. Marvel. Amanat asked that the design "reflect the Captain Marvel legacy, and also her story and her background", and said that Kamala's costume was influenced by the

shalwar kameez Shalwar kameez (also salwar kameez and less commonly shalwar qameez) is a traditional combination dress worn by women, and in some regions by men, in South Asia, and Central Asia. ''Shalwars'' are trousers which are atypically wide at the wa ...

. They wanted the costume to represent her cultural identity but did not want her to wear a

hijab In modern usage, hijab ( ar, حجاب, translit=ḥijāb, ) generally refers to headcoverings worn by Muslim women. Many Muslims believe it is obligatory for every female Muslim who has reached the age of puberty to wear a head covering. While ...

, because most teenage Pakistani-American girls do not wear one. Amanat said that they wanted her to look "less like a sex siren" to appeal to a broader female readership. Marvel wanted a young Muslim girl, saying that she could be from anywhere and have any background. Wilson initially considered making her an Arab girl from

Dearborn, Michigan Dearborn is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 109,976. Dearborn is the seventh most-populated city in Michigan and is home to the largest Muslim population in the United States pe ...

, but ultimately made her a Desi girl from Jersey City. Jersey City, across the Hudson River from Manhattan, has been called New York City's "

sixth borough The term sixth borough is used to describe any of a number of places that are not politically within the borders of any of the five boroughs of New York City but have been referred to as a metaphorical part of the city by virtue of their geograp ...

". The city is an important part of Kamala's identity and the narrative, since most Marvel Comics stories are set in Manhattan. Wilson said, "A huge aspect of Ms. Marvel is being a 'second string hero' in the 'second string city' and having to struggle out of the pathos and emotion that can give a person". The series explores Kamala's conflicts with supervillains and her domestic and religious duties. Wilson, a convert to Islam, said: "This is not evangelism. It was really important for me to portray Kamala as someone who is struggling with her faith ... Her brother is extremely conservative, her mom is paranoid that she's going to touch a boy and get pregnant, and her father wants her to concentrate on her studies and become a doctor". Amanat said,

As much as Islam is a part of Kamala's identity, this book isn't preaching about religion or the Islamic faith in particular. It's about what happens when you struggle with the labels imposed on you, and how that forms your sense of self. It's a struggle we've all faced in one form or another, and isn't just particular to Kamala because she's Muslim. Her religion is just one aspect of the many ways she defines herself.

Powers and abilities

Kamala develops her superpowers after Marvel's

Infinity Infinity is that which is boundless, endless, or larger than any natural number. It is often denoted by the infinity symbol . Since the time of the ancient Greeks, the philosophical nature of infinity was the subject of many discussions amo ...

storyline, when the Terrigen Mists are released. Her dormant

Inhuman Inhuman may refer to: Comics *Inhumans, a fictional race in Marvel Comics ** ''Inhuman'' (comics), a comic book series focusing on Inhumans ** ''Inhumans'' (TV series), a television series set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe *Kristoff Vernard, ...

abilities are activated by the mists on a rare night when she rebelliously decides to sneak out after her parents forbid her from attending a school party. Amanat said in 2022 that when she and Wilson were creating Kamala, the character was originally going to be a mutant before they changed her to an Inhuman. ''

Screen Rant ''Screen Rant'' is an entertainment website that offers news in the fields of television, films, video games, and film theories. ''Screen Rant'' was launched by Vic Holtreman in 2003, and originally had its primary office in Ogden, Utah. ''Scr ...

'' noted that Kamala is a "polymorph", with moves which "are basically Ant-Man and Mister Fantastic's combined". According to academic Sarah Gibbons, Kamala's body-morphing is paralleled by the flexibility required of the characters who live in Jersey City; her unusual, superpowered body shape conveys a non-conforming message. Her best-known power is elongation, which allows her to extend her limbs, torso, or neck great distances. Kamala's other powers include the ability to alter her size, shrinking and enlarging herself. When she enlarges, she can lift up to 75 tons. Kamala has also used this ability to make her body as thin as paper. She has a healing factor (capable of healing bullet wounds), which works when she is not using her polymorph abilities. If Kamala extensively heals, however, she becomes very tired. She can shapeshift into other people and inanimate objects, although she rarely uses this power. Asked about Kamala's transition from comic book to live action in 2019, Wilson said: "I think there're some characters who are very much set up for the big screen; they're very naturally sort of cinematic. But with Ms. Marvel, we really weren't interested in creating something that had very obvious film potential ..She's got very comic booky powers. God bless them trying to bring that to live action; I don't know how that's going to work out in a way that doesn't look really creepy". In the live-action Marvel Cinematic Universe, Kamala's comic-book powers are reinterpreted; she puts on her grandmother's

bangle Bangles are traditionally rigid bracelets which are usually made of metal, wood, glass or plastic. These ornament are worn mostly by women in the Indian subcontinent, Southeastern Asia, Arabian Peninsula, and Africa. It is common to see a bride ...

, unlocking her powers and giving "her the ability to create and manipulate a kind of purple 'hard-light' (think Green Lantern, or Symmetra from Overwatch)".

Publication history

Volume one (2013–2015)

Kamala is the daughter of Yusuf and Muneeba Khan, and the younger sister of Aamir Khan. She takes the name Ms. Marvel from Carol Danvers, who is now known as Captain Marvel. ''Captain Marvel'' writer Kelly Sue DeConnick said that Kamala made a brief appearance in ''Captain Marvel'' #14 (August 2013): "Kamala is in the background of a scene in ''Captain Marvel'' 14 ... She is very deliberately placed in a position where she sees Carol protecting civilians from Yon-Rogg". According to co-creator G. Willow Wilson, Kamala idolizes Carol and emulates her when she acquires superhuman abilities: "Captain Marvel represents an ideal that Kamala pines for. She's strong, beautiful and doesn't have any of the baggage of being Pakistani and 'different'". "Khan is a big comic book fan and after she discovers her superhuman power – being a polymorph and able to lengthen her arms and legs and change her shape – she takes on the name of Ms. Marvel", Amanat said. Kamala is one of several characters who discover that they have

heritage after the " Inhumanity" storyline, in which the Terrigen Mists are released worldwide and activate dormant Inhuman cells. She opposes Mr. Edison (the Inventor), a clone of Thomas Edison tainted with the DNA of Mr. Knox's pet

cockatiel The cockatiel (; ''Nymphicus hollandicus''), also known as weiro (also spelt weero), or quarrion, is a medium-sized parrot that is a member of its own branch of the cockatoo family endemic to Australia. They are prized as household pets and comp ...

, in the series' first story arc. Wilson created the Inventor as Kamala's first archrival to mirror her complexity. She characterized the Inventor and the overall look of the opening story arc as "kooky and almost Miyazaki-esque at times" due to the style of illustrator Adrian Alphona, which balances the drama of the threats faced by Kamala with the humor of Alphona's "tongue in cheek sight gags". During the story line, Khan also teams up with the X-Man Wolverine against the Inventor. Because Wolverine is dealing with the loss of his healing factor during this time, Khan is placed in the position of having to shoulder much of the responsibilities since Wilson felt this was a role reversal that would subvert reader expectations that Wolverine would take the lead in such a team-up. At the 2014 San Diego Comic-Con International, writer Dan Slott announced that Kamala would join

in '' The Amazing Spider-Man'' #7 (October 2014) during the " Spider-Verse" storyline. Slott characterized Kamala as "the closest character to classic Peter Parker": "She's a teenage superhero, juggling her life, making mistakes, trying to do everything right". ''Ms. Marvel'' tied into the " Secret Wars" crossover event with the "Last Days" storyline in June 2015, which details Kamala's account of the end of the

. Wilson said, "In the 'Last Days' story arc, Kamala has to grapple with the end of everything she knows, and discover what it means to be a hero when your whole world is on the line". Kamala rushes to deal with the threat in Manhattan and, according to Wilson, "She will face a very personal enemy as the chaos in Manhattan spills over into Jersey City, and she will be forced to make some very difficult choices. There will also be a very special guest appearance by a superhero Kamala—and the fans—have been waiting to meet for a long time".

Volume two (2015–2018)

Marvel announced in March 2015 that Kamala would join the

Avengers Avenger, Avengers, The Avenger, or The Avengers may refer to: Arts and entertainment In the Marvel Comics universe * Avengers (comics), a team of superheroes **Avengers (Marvel Cinematic Universe), a central team of protagonist superheroes of ...

in ''All-New All-Different Avengers'' FCBD (May 2015) by writer

Mark Waid Mark Waid (; born March 21, 1962) is an American comic book writer best known for his work on DC Comics titles ''The Flash'', '' Kingdom Come'' and '' Superman: Birthright'' as well as his work on ''Captain America'', ''Fantastic Four'' and '' Dar ...

and artists

Adam Kubert Adam Kubert (; born 1959) is an American comics artist known for his work for publishers such as Marvel Comics and DC Comics, including work on ''Action Comics'', '' Astonishing Spider-Man & Wolverine'', ''The Incredible Hulk'', ''Ultimate Fantas ...

and Mahmud Asrar, which takes place in the aftermath of "Secret Wars". A second volume of ''Ms. Marvel'', starring Kamala, by Wilson, Alphona and Takeshi Miyazawa also debuted after "Secret Wars" as part of Marvel's All-New, All-Different Marvel initiative. Amanat said,

By the time this new launch comes around, it will have been almost two years since the premiere of ''Ms. Marvel''—and boy, has Kamala Khan been through a lot since then. She's been slowly coming into her own, dealing with the challenges of navigating adulthood and being a super hero. But her training is over now and it's time for the big leagues; the question is can she handle it? ... As much as Kamala has a right to be there—it's still a bit of a culture shock. Dreaming of being an Avenger and then suddenly being one is a lot to take on for someone of her age. So, she'll be a little awestruck, a little overly ambitious.

In March 2016, Marvel announced with a promotional image illustrating a rift between Kamala and Danvers that ''Ms. Marvel'' would tie into the " Civil War II" storyline. Amanat said that this storyline would center "around self-discovery and identity, and a part of that exploration includes separating yourself from those you put on pedestals ..It has to do with growing up and realizing that you perceive the world differently from even the ones you love". Academic Sandra Eckard wrote, "Kamala at first follows her mentor's lead until she realizes that she is not comfortable with putting people in jail for crimes they may commit. The idea of 'predictive justice' that Kamala fights against leads to a domino effect of her friends abandoning her and Captain Marvel dismissing her from duty in her group and friendship. Kamala, broken and hopeless, goes on a journey to find herself in Pakistan". According to Eckard, Kamala realizes in this journey that places cannot fix a person and problems within oneself "must be figured and sorted out by that person". The story arc introduces Kamala to Kareem, a family friend, and to a young Pakistani hero named Red Dagger. Kamala does not discover that Red Dagger is Kareem, and Kareem does not know Ms. Marvel's secret identity. Marvel announced in July 2016 that Kamala would join the Champions, a team of teenage superheroes who leave the Avengers after the conclusion of "Civil War II". The team, featured in a series by writer

and artist Humberto Ramos, consists of Kamala,

Spider-Man (Miles Morales) Miles Gonzalo MoralesAhmed, Saladin (w), Garrón, Javier (a). ''Miles Morales: Spider-Man'' #1 (2018) Marvel Comics (New York). () is a fictional character, a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, and is on ...

Nova (Sam Alexander) Nova (Sam Alexander) is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character, a space-faring member of the intergalactic police force known as the Nova Corps, was created in 2011 by writer Jeph Loeb and artist ...

, Hulk (Amadeus Cho),

Viv Vision Vagabond Vagabond (real name Priscilla Lyons) is the former partner & girlfriend of Nomad (Jack Monroe). She prevented Black Racer's assassination attempt on Sidewinder. She thwarted and captured Dr. Karl Malus during his attempt to take over P ...

, and a teenage version of

Cyclops In Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, the Cyclopes ( ; el, Κύκλωπες, ''Kýklōpes'', "Circle-eyes" or "Round-eyes"; singular Cyclops ; , ''Kýklōps'') are giant one-eyed creatures. Three groups of Cyclopes can be distinguish ...

. Waid said, "The first three are the kids who quit the Avengers proper. That was an easy get. Those three, in and of themselves, form a nice little subteam. Their dynamic is great. They all show up in each other's books, and even though they have their arguments and stress points, clearly they're good together". The following month, Kamala appeared in ''

Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur ''Marvel's Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur'', or simply ''Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur'', is an American animated television series developed by Steve Loter, Jeffrey M. Howard, and Kate Kondell and produced by Cinema Gypsy Productions, Disney T ...

'' #10 by writers

Amy Reeder Amy Reeder (born August 25, 1980), formerly known as Amy Reeder Hadley, is an American comic book artist and writer known for her work on titles such as ''Fool's Gold'', ''Madame Xanadu'', ''Batwoman'', and '' Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur''. Ea ...

and Brandon Montclare. She is a mentor to Moon Girl (Lunella Lafayette), a fellow young Inhuman who suddenly acquires her powers. Amanat said that Kamala sees much of herself in Lunella and, by teaching her, learns much about herself. In November 2016, Marvel announced that Kamala would join a new incarnation of the

Secret Warriors Secret Warriors may refer to: * ''Secret Warriors'' (comic book) ** Secret Warriors (Team White) Secret Warriors is an alias for the fictional group Team White created by Nick Fury, a team of superpowered agents appearing in American comic boo ...

in a series by writer Matthew Rosenberg and artist Javier Garron; it debuted in May 2017. The team is composed of "Inhumans who are a little outside traditional Inhuman culture", such as Quake, Karnak, Moon Girl, and

Devil Dinosaur Devil Dinosaur is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is depicted as resembling an enormous, crimson colored ''Tyrannosaurus''-like theropod dinosaur. Created by Jack Kirby, the chara ...

, and was formed in the wake of the " Inhumans vs X-Men" storyline. Rosenberg said that there is some conflict and friction amongst the team members: "Ms. Marvel and Quake are really fighting for the soul of the team in a lot of ways, while Moon Girl will continue to really do her own thing. They will all be tested and challenged, they are superheroes after all, but they are going to do things their way". The first five issues of the ''Secret Warriors'' series were tied to the Marvel '' Secret Empire'' crossover storyline. Marvel announced in March 2017 that Kamala would join Carol Danvers in a

one-shot One shot may refer to: Film and television * One-shot film, a feature film shot in one long take with no edits, or manufactured to look like so * ''One Shot'' (2005 film), a Sri Lankan action film directed by Ranjan Ramanayake * ''One Shot'' (2 ...

issue of the limited anthology series, ''

Generations A generation is "all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively." Generation or generations may also refer to: Science and technology * Generation (particle physics), a division of the elementary particles * Gen ...

'' by Wilson and Paolo Villanelle. Wilson said that the issue would explore Carol and Kamala's mentor–student relationship, but "at its heart, tis about growing up, and a big part of growing up is discovering that your idols have

feet of clay Feet of clay is an idiom used to refer to a weakness or character flaw, especially in people of prominence and power. It can also be used to refer to larger groups, such as societies, businesses, and empires. An entity with feet of clay may appe ...

– and forgiving them for their flaws as you gain an adult understanding of your own". From April to August 2017, the ''Champions'' series was also involved in the ''Secret Empire'' storyline. In the final story arc of the second volume of ''Champions'', Kamala survived Weirdworld with her teammates. In October of that year, Kareem returns to ''Ms. Marvel'' in issue #23 as an exchange student at Kamala's high school. In this story arc, Kamala (as Ms. Marvel) has her first kiss with Red Dagger and they discover each other's secret identities.

Marvel Legacy relaunch

In December 2017, ''Ms. Marvel'' began the "Teenage Wasteland" story arc as part of the Marvel Legacy relaunch. Wilson said, "Since the events of 'Civil War II', there's been friction between Kamala and her mentor, Captain Marvel. In this arc, we're exploring how complicated legacies can be when they're passed from generation to generation ... She's questioning a lot about herself and her mission. Her friends end up stepping into some very important—and unexpected—roles. So in a sense, the arc is really about a bunch of chronically under-estimated teenagers who pull together to fight evil". In January 2018, ''Secret Warriors'' was cancelled after twelve issues. Kamala continued to lead the Champions, which relaunched with a third volume that month. According to

IGN ''IGN'' (formerly ''Imagine Games Network'') is an American video game and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa distri ...

, "writer

Jim Zub Jim Zubkavich, known professionally as Jim Zub, is a Canadian comic book writer, artist, and art instructor best known for creating comics ''Skullkickers'' (2010), '' Wayward'' (2014), ''and Glitterbomb'' (2016) for Image Comics, and writing on t ...

will be sticking around, and he'll be joined by new artist Stephen Cummings as the two explore what happens when Ms. Marvel takes the team global". It was announced in July 2019 that ''Champions'' was cancelled, with issue #10 in October its last one. ''Ms. Marvel'' #31—the 50th issue of ''Ms. Marvel'' featuring Kamala—was published in June 2018. To mark the occasion, Marvel brought in additional collaborators for the issue: writers G. Willow Wilson, Saladin Ahmed, Rainbow Rowell, and Hasan Minhaj, and artists Nico Leon, Bob Quinn,

Gustavo Duarte Gustavo Duarte (São Paulo, May 19, 1977) is a Brazilian cartoonist and comics artist. His work is known for his usually silent comics, which rely on the characters' body language. Early life and education In 1999, Duarte graduated with a degree ...

, and Elmo Bondoc.

''The Magnificent Ms. Marvel'' (2019–2021)

Kamala headlined ''The Magnificent Ms. Marvel'', a new series written by Saladin Ahmed and illustrated by Minkyu Jung, in March 2019. Wilson said that she had planned her departure from the series for over a year (originally anticipating that it would only last for ten issues) and was pleased at having written 60 issues. Ahmed said that the new series would have a broader scope, "while still maintaining that intimate tone that people have loved about it". From April to September 2019, Kamala headlined the ongoing relaunch of '' Marvel Team-Up''. The first three issues, written by

Eve Ewing Eve Louise Ewing (born 1986) is an American sociologist, author, poet, and visual artist from Chicago, Illinois. Ewing is a tenured professor at the School of Social Service Administration at the University of Chicago. Her academic research in ...

and illustrated by Joey Vazquez, focused on Ms. Marvel and Spider-Man. Issues 4-6, written by Clint McElroy and illustrated by Ig Guara, focused on Ms. Marvel and Captain Marvel; the series was then cancelled. Marvel announced in July 2020 that Kamala would star in a graphic novel, published in conjunction with Scholastic and aimed at younger readers. ''Ms. Marvel: Stretched Thin'', written by Nadia Shammas and illustrated by Nabi H. Ali, was published on September 7, 2021. Kamala was a focus of the October 2020 one-shot ''Outlawed'' #1, which began the Outlawed storyline in ''The Magnificent Ms. Marvel'' series and the relaunched ''Champions'' series. The Champions protect a young climate activist, speaking at Coles Academic High School, who is targeted by the

Roxxon Oil Company The Roxxon Energy Corporation (otherwise known as the Roxxon Oil Company, Roxxon Oil Corporation, Roxxon Corporation or simply Roxxon) is the name of a fictional massive petroleum industrial conglomerate in the Marvel Universe appearing in Amer ...

. As the fight between the Champions and Roxxon escalates, the school collapses. Kamala saves the activist, but is critically injured; the government passes the Underage Superhuman Welfare Act, which bans superhero activities for those under age twenty-one, as a result of the disaster. Although the act is renamed "Kamala's Law", the character's secret identity remains intact. ''Champions'' #1 and ''The Magnificent Ms. Marvel'' #14 pick up six months later, as they deal with fallout from Kamala's Law. '' CBR'' reported that "without disclosing her true identity, Ms. Marvel rejects Kamala's Law and publicly vows to continue her superhero activities alongside the Champions regardless of her age ..Kamala's message has quickly split the young superhero community. Several agree to continue their double lives as usual in open defiance of the controversial law, while others believe Kamala is in the wrong and they should leave superhero activity to the adults". During the Outlawed event, the Champions take responsibility for their actions and reveal that Roxxon is using its government contract to intern young individuals with superpowers in brutal reeducation camps. This cause Roxxon to lose its contract, and the government suspends enforcement of Kamala's Law. After the Outlawed event, ''The Magnificent Ms. Marvel'' ended its run with issue #18 (the 75th issue of the Kamala Khan ''Ms. Marvel'' comics) in April 2021. Kamala continued to appear in the ''Champions'' series, which covered the repeal of Kamala's Law. The series was then cancelled, with its last issue October 2021.

Limited series (2021–2022)

''Ms. Marvel: Beyond the Limit''

Kamala next headlined a new

limited series Limited series may refer to: *Limited series, individual storylines within an anthology series *Limited series, a particular run of collectables, usually individually numbered *Limited series (comics), a comics series with a predetermined number of ...

, ''Ms. Marvel: Beyond the Limit'', written by Samira Ahmed and illustrated by Andrés Genolet. According to '' Entertainment Weekly'', "''Ms. Marvel'' comics have only been written by Muslim writers so far .. But Samira Ahmed will be the first South Asian female writer to write a ''Ms. Marvel'' series". Ahmed is known for her young-adult novels, and ''Beyond the Limit'' was her first comic series. It had five issues, from December 2021 to April 2022. Kamala is on a multiverse adventure after visiting her cousin, Razia, a scientist who specializes in "multiversal theory". The series included multiverse variants of Kamala. A

trade paperback Trade paperback may refer to: * Trade paperback, a higher-quality softcover version of a book * Trade paperback (comics) In comics in the United States, a trade paperback (shortened: TPB or trade) is a collection of stories originally published ...

collection of the five issues was scheduled to be published in June 2022, reportedly coinciding with the premiere of the '' Ms. Marvel'' television

Infinity Comics

Marvel released the

''Ms. Marvel: Bottled Up'', written by Samira Ahmed and illustrated by Ramon Bachs, in May 2022 as part of Marvel Unlimited's digital Infinity Comics. Kamala and her friend, Nakia, confront the destroyer Mariikh at the

American Museum of Natural History The American Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as AMNH) is a natural history museum on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. In Theodore Roosevelt Park, across the street from Central Park, the museum complex comprises 26 inter ...

after the jinn is accidentally released. In June 2022, Marvel announced a new weekly ''Love Unlimited'' romance anthology series on Marvel Unlimited's Infinity Comics. The first story arc, "Ms. Marvel and Red Dagger", was written by Nadia Shammas and illustrated by Natacha Bustos. The first of the storyline's six parts was published on June 9 of that year, and focuses on Kamala and Kareem (the Red Dagger) who have kissed but not yet shared their secret identities.

''Ms. Marvel: Fists of Justice''

In April 2022, Marvel announced that Kamala would headline a series of one-shots in which she joins three heroes: Wolverine,

Moon Knight Moon Knight is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Doug Moench and artist Don Perlin, the character first appeared in ''Werewolf by Night'' #32 (August 1975). The son of a rabb ...

, and Venom. The first issue, written by

Jody Houser Jody Houser is an American professional comics writer known for her work on licensed properties. She was nominated for the Eisner Award in 2017 for her writing in the comic series ''Faith'' (2016). She was also the writer on the second volume ...

and illustrated by Zé Carlos was released in August 2022. According to '' CBR'', the series is "a jumping-on point for ''Ms. Marvel'' newcomers, as the new saga will lay the groundwork for the character's next era ..The series of one-shots begins shortly after Khan makes her live-action debut in the new Disney+ ''Ms. Marvel'' series".

''Dark Web: Ms. Marvel''

Kamala appeared as a new Oscorp intern in the renewable energy division in ''Amazing Spider-Man'' #7 (August 2022) where she runs into Peter Parker. In September 2022, Marvel announced that Kamala's internship would be further explored in the two-issue series ''Dark Web: Ms. Marvel''; this limited series is a tie-in to the Spider-Man/X-Men crossover comic event titled ''Dark Web''. The first issue, written by Sabir Pirzada and illustrated by Francesco Mortarino, was released in December 2022.

Reception

Cultural reaction

Kamala's announcement by Marvel had a widespread online reaction. Fatemeh Fakhraie, founder of ''Muslimah Media Watch'' (a diversity

advocacy group Advocacy groups, also known as interest groups, special interest groups, lobbying groups or pressure groups use various forms of advocacy in order to influence public opinion and ultimately policy. They play an important role in the developm ...

), told Al Jazeera America that "she is going to be a window into the American Muslim experience" and she "normalizes this idea of the American experience as Muslim". Brett White of Comic Book Resources said, "With Kamala Khan, the daughter of Pakistani immigrants living in Jersey City, Marvel Comics has shown yet again that it wants to include groups of the American population that have yet to be personally inspired by their heroes". Hussein Rashid, writing for CNN, said: "The character of Kamala Khan has the opportunity to offer something new to pop-culture portrayals of Muslims. She is born in the United States, appears to be part of the post-

9/11 The September 11 attacks, commonly known as 9/11, were four coordinated suicide terrorist attacks carried out by al-Qaeda against the United States on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. That morning, nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial ...

generation and is a teenager". Muaaz Khan of '' The Guardian'' compared Kamala to Malala Yousafzai, and the entertainment industry should follow Marvel's example. Leon Moosavi of the University of Liverpool felt that the character's family would reinforce the stereotype of restrictive Muslim parents, and her shape-shifting ability resembled several anti-Muslim stereotypes (especially taqiyya: a legal dispensation whereby a believing individual can deny their faith or commit illegal or blasphemous acts while at risk of significant persecution). Political satirist Stephen Colbert, parodying right-wing commentators on '' The Colbert Report'', said: "A Muslim cannot be a superhero — for Pete's sake they're on the no-fly list".

Conan O'Brien Conan Christopher O'Brien (born April 18, 1963) is an American television host, comedian, writer, and producer. He is best known for having hosted late-night talk shows for almost 28 years, beginning with ''Late Night with Conan O'Brien'' (19 ...

tweeted a joke linking Kamala's religion to polygamy, but removed it due to a public backlash. Kamala was received positively by students in Jersey City. At

McNair Academic High School Dr. Ronald E. McNair Academic High School (often dubbed Academic previous to its dedication, or as McNair) is a magnet public high school located at 123 Coles Street in Jersey City, in Hudson County, United States. The school is named in memory ...

, the inspiration for the fictional school Kamala attends, Class of 2025 student Shreeya Shankerdas founded the Coles Kamala Korps (named for Kamala's fictional school). Shankerdas said, "When I first heard about Ms. Marvel being this brown teenage girl, I thought it was really cool that we're finally represented. On top of that, we were represented in the Marvel Universe, and I thought that was really cool, because it's a big company."

Critical reaction

2014–2018

Meagan Damore of ''Comic Book Resources'' said, "There is nothing not to love about ''Ms. Marvel'' #1: every character is well formed and distinct; the story, lovingly crafted; the art, meticulously planned and—at times—downright funny". Jen Aprahamian of '' Comic Vine'' said, "''Ms. Marvel'' makes a delightful debut, showing confidence and heart even before she puts on a mask. Kamala is not your average superheroine and her stories seem like they're headed in an exciting direction. Kudos to Marvel for expanding its range; amping up the diversity factor in a way that doesn't feel token or temporary is a great move, and Ms. Marvel is launching with a solid first issue and a world—a universe, even—of story possibilities". Joshua Yehl of ''

'' said, "''Ms. Marvel'' introduces a vibrant and troubled character that you can't help but love". George Marston of '' Newsarama'' said, "''Ms. Marvel'' is a solid debut issue, and that in itself should be a victory not just for G. Willow Wilson and Adrian Alphona, but for Marvel Comics itself ... It's not exactly edgy, and Kamala Khan is not exactly the first reluctant teen hero in Marvel's long history, but Ms. Marvel is one of the strongest debuts for a new character that Marvel has had in a long time". In 2016, '' USA Today'' said that Kamala "broke onto the comics scene a few years ago and has since stolen awards, sales and, oh right, our hearts. Her solo comics, written by G. Willow Wilson, are entertaining and fly off the page, and her appearances elsewhere have only increased". Alex Abad-Santos, for '' Vox'', wrote that "Wilson and Alphona imbue the comic with grace while steering clear of 'after-school special'-of-the-month types of stories ..As you see Kamala slowly figure out the ways of superheroism and the balance of her own life, you can't help but feel like she represents an alternate path that can save us from the ugly stuff threatening to strangle our hope, our joy, and our love. That's why superheroes were first created, and it's why Ms. Marvel is one of the greatest heroes of our generation". Katie M. Logan, for ''

Salon Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon, a venue for cosmetic treatments * French term for a drawing room, an architectural space in a home * Salon (gathering), a meeting for learning or enjoyment Arts and entertainment * Salon (P ...

'' in 2017, said that Kamala "signals an important development in cultural representations of Muslim-Americans ..Kamala Khan is precisely the hero America needs today, but not because of a bat sign in the sky or any single definitive image. She is, above all, committed to the idea that every member of her faith, her generation and her city has value and that their lives should be respected and protected". Joshua Davison, ''for Bleeding Cool'' in 2018, wrote that "''Ms. Marvel #31'' is the landmark 50th issue of Kamala's beloved series. G. Willow Wilson never ceases to amaze me at how she can have me invested in mundane activities like a sleepover. This is done through a good balance of endearing characters, solid drama, and the quirks and detours one can expect from a superhero comic ..Mix that with some talented artists, and you have a book well worth recommending". In a 2018 review of the series, the ''Wisconsin Muslim Journal'' said that the story "is a rare burst of authenticity in what can so easily become clichéd and cheap. In short, Kamala Khan has a refreshing amount of depth".

2019–2022

''IGN'' included ''The Magnificent Ms. Marvel'' on its list of "Best Comic Book Series of 2019". Charlie Ridgely, for ''

ComicBook.com The following is a list of major assets that are owned by Paramount Global. Paramount Pictures Corporation (Film) * Paramount Pictures ** Paramount Home Entertainment ** Paramount Television Studios ** Paramount Pictures International ** Param ...

'', wrote that ''The Magnificent Ms. Marvel'' was "an incredible challenge" for Ahmed since he had to follow Wilson, the character's creator. Ridgely said, "Ahmed has leaned hard into the issues that plague our current lives while still making the comic uplifting", and "every revelation that Kamala comes to is thoroughly earned and formed based on the specific experiences we see her confront. It's a master class in evolving a character while keeping them grounded in their own identity". Avery Kaplan, in her review of ''Ms. Marvel: Beyond the Limit'' for '' The Beat'', wrote: "''Beyond the Limit'' was a fun and interesting story that went to some unexpected places, all while allowing Kamala plenty of time to shine (and to make a lot of funny food jokes)". Kaplan added, "Issue five brings the main conflict to a satisfactory enough close while promising further explanation in a sequel series (which I guess is an alternative to an ongoing series, probably based on the idea that marketing five-issue arcs which are subsequently collected into graphic novel-style TPB collections is easier than getting new readers to jump on at issue #546 – whatever, just give me more Kamala)".

Accolades

Sales

''Ms. Marvel Volume 1: No Normal'' was the best-selling graphic novel in October 2014; the following month, it reached No. 2 on ''The New York Times'' Best Seller list of paperback graphic books. In April 2015, ''Ms. Marvel Volume 2: Generation Why'' debuted at #4 on ''The New York Times'' Best Seller list of paperback graphic books. In July 2015, ''Ms. Marvel Volume 3: Crushed'' debuted at #3 on ''The New York Times'' Best Seller list of paperback graphic books. ''Ms. Marvel Volume 5: Super Famous'' debuted at #3 on the July 2016 ''The New York Times'' Best Seller list of paperback graphic books. By August 2018, Ms. Marvel had sold half a million trade paperbacks, in addition to digital sales. During a slump in Marvel's 2017 market share, senior vice president of print, sales, and marketing David Gabriel "blamed declining comic-book sales on the studio's efforts to increase diversity and female characters". Gabriel then attempted to walk-back the statement. George Gustines, for '' The New York Times'', said that "the issue is more nuanced"; sales are also impacted by numbering restarts and fan opinion about storylines. Gustines wrote that in February 2017, ''Ms. Marvel'' "sold an estimated 19,870 copies. It landed at 109 out of the top 300 comics for the month. But the series is known to be doing well digitally and with collected editions. There are also other signs of prestige. This week, a collected edition of the series, 'Ms. Marvel: Super Famous,' written by G. Willow Wilson and illustrated by Takeshi Miyazawa, was nominated for a Hugo Award, which is given to the best science-fiction or fantasy stories". Later that year, during Marvel's Legacy initiative, many titles featuring "diverse and new voices" were cancelled. On the survival of the series, Joe Glass of ''Bleeding Cool'' wrote that ''Ms. Marvel'' periodical sales were only slightly higher than many of the cancelled titles; however, "it could be down to trades sales. It is generally held that these books survive on the popularity of their trades sales, not just in the direct market and local comic shops, but in book stores across the world" and at " Scholastic ookfairs and the like". Associate professor at

Northumbria University , mottoeng = A lifetime of learning , established = 1877 - Rutherford College of Technology1969 - Newcastle Polytechnic1992 - gained university status , type = Public , budget = � ...

and comics scholar Mel Gibson said that ''Ms. Marvel'' "absolutely leapt in sales to what could be considered non-traditional comic book readers – such as females, Muslims, or Pakistani-Americans for example. The idea of who reads comics and how they read them was changing. It helped draw in new folk and diversify the fan base". The hardcover collection ''Ms. Marvel Volume 1'' and ''Volume 2'', which collected the 2014–2015 run and non-MM appearances, made the top 10 of Diamond's Top 500 Selling Graphic Novels charts for September 2020; volume 1 reached number five, and volume 2 reached number nine on the charts. In September 2021, ''Ms. Marvel Volume 1: No Normal'' (2014) was number 11 on the NPD BookScan's top 20 Superheroes Graphic Novels Chart.

Cultural impact

Barack Obama and Sana Amanat at 2016 WHM

In January 2015, images of Kamala began appearing over anti-Islamic advertisements on San Francisco city buses. The advertisements, purchased by the

American Freedom Defense Initiative Stop Islamization of America (SIOA), also known as the American Freedom Defense Initiative, is an anti-Muslim, pro-Israel American counter-jihad organization known primarily for its controversial, Islamophobic advertising campaigns. The group ...

, equated Islam with Nazism. Street artists covered the ads with images of Kamala and messages such as "Calling all Bigotry Busters", "Stamp out racism", "Free speech isn't a license to spread hate", "Islamophobia hurts us all", and "Racist". About the response, Wilson tweeted, "Some amazing person has been painting over the anti-Muslim bus ads in SF with Ms. Marvel graffiti ... To me, the graffiti is part of the back-and-forth of the free speech conversation. Call and response. Argument, counterargument". Sana Amanat was introduced to United States President Barack Obama at a March 2016 reception celebrating Women's History Month at the White House. In his opening remarks, Obama said: "Ms. Marvel may be your comic book creation, but I think for a lot of young boys and girls, Sana's a real superhero". Kamala appeared on the cover of '' The Village Voice'' in an October 2016 illustration by Autumn Whitehearst which paid homage to J. Howard Miller's "

We Can Do It! "We Can Do It!" is an American World War II wartime poster produced by J. Howard Miller in 1943 for Westinghouse Electric as an inspirational image to boost female worker morale. The poster was little seen during World War II. It was rediscove ...

" poster. The cover was accompanied by "The Super Hero For Our Times: Ms. Marvel Will Save You Now", an article by Mallika Rao which profiled Wilson and focused on the increasing diversity of comic-book characters, creators, and fans. In March 2018,

Merriam-Webster Merriam-Webster, Inc. is an American company that publishes reference books and is especially known for its dictionaries. It is the oldest dictionary publisher in the United States. In 1831, George and Charles Merriam founded the company as ...

added 850 words to its dictionary. This included the word "Embiggen", which first appeared in a 1996 episode of '' The Simpsons'' and was popularized in ''Ms. Marvel'' as an exclamation by Kamala when using her shape-shifting powers.

Other versions

An older version of Kamala appears in '' Inhumans: Attilan Rising'' by

Charles Soule Charles Soule is a New York-based comic book writer, novelist, musician, and attorney. He is best known for writing '' Daredevil'', ''She-Hulk'', ''Death of Wolverine'', and various ''Star Wars'' books and comic series from Del Rey Books and Ma ...

and John Timms as part of the 2015 " Secret Wars" storyline, which details Black Bolt's rebellion against Queen Medusa of New Attilan. In her review of ''Inhumans: Attilan Rising'' #2, Emma Houxbois of The Rainbow Hub said: "While amala hashad a few chances to shine in the core ''Inhuman'' book, her reintroduction (complete with character redesign by Dave Johnson and strong line work by John Timms) packs a real punch. Soule's evolution of her powers and costume will hopefully also coincide with further opportunities later in the story to learn more about her views on the resistance and reasons for supporting Attilan – solidifying this version of Kamala as a comparatively matured hero forced to make difficult moral choices". A future version of Kamala appears as a member of the

Exiles Exile is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons and peoples suf ...

with

Nick Fury Colonel Nicholas Joseph "Nick" Fury Sr. is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer/artist Jack Kirby and writer Stan Lee, he first appeared in ''Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos ...

Blink Blinking is a bodily function; it is a semi-autonomic rapid closing of the eyelid. A single blink is determined by the forceful closing of the eyelid or inactivation of the levator palpebrae superioris and the activation of the palpebral portio ...

, Iron Lad, Valkyrie and a chibi-style cartoon version of Wolverine in a series by writer Saladin Ahmed and artist Javier Rodriguez which debuted in April 2018. Another future version of the character appears in ''

All-New Wolverine ''All-New Wolverine'' is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics that ran between 2015 and 2018 as part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel relaunch. The series was the first to star Logan's clone Laura Kinney (formerly X-23) in the role ...

'' #33 (April 2018) by

Tom Taylor Tom Taylor (19 October 1817 – 12 July 1880) was an English dramatist, critic, biographer, public servant, and editor of ''Punch'' magazine. Taylor had a brief academic career, holding the professorship of English literature and language a ...

and Ramon Rosanas as part of the "Old Woman Laura" storyline as the future President of the United States. Kieran Shiach of Comic Book Resources said, "Kamala as President of the United States makes a lot of sense. She's smart, resourceful and cares about her community ... It also helps solidify the world of 'Old Woman Laura' as a 'good future,' presenting a President who is both a woman and Muslim as a possibility within our lifetime".

Collections

In other media

Marvel creative consultant Joe Quesada said in September 2016 that Ms. Marvel would appear in "other media" because of the character's success, which "doesn't happen a lot" and probably would not have happened ten years earlier.

Animation

Kamala, voiced by Kathreen Khavari, made her television debut in the animated series '' Avengers Assemble''. She appeared in the third and fourth seasons, ''Avengers: Ultron Revolution'' (2016) and ''Avengers: Secret Wars'' (2017), as a recurring character and founding member of the

All-New, All-Different Avengers The Avengers are a team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The team made its debut in ''The Avengers (comic book), The Avengers'' #1 (cover-dated Sept. 1963), created by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist/ ...

. The character appeared in the 2017 anime series '' Marvel Future Avengers'', voiced by Akari Kitō in Japanese and Kathreen Khavari in English. Kamala appeared in the 2018 animated television film, '' Marvel Rising: Secret Warriors'', voiced by Kathreen Khavari. The film was followed by five animated specials in 2019, and Khavari reprised her role as Kamala throughout the '' Marvel Rising'' series. Kamala appeared in the second season of ''

Marvel's Spider-Man Marvel's Spider-Man may refer to: * Spider-Man, a fictional Marvel Comics superhero * ''Spider-Man'' (2017 TV series), an animated series produced by Marvel Animation * ''Spider-Man'' (video game series), a series of action-adventure video games ...

'', again voiced by Kathreen Khavari. The character, voiced by Sandra Saad, also appeared in '' Spidey and His Amazing Friends'' (2021).

Live action

Kamala Kamala refers to: People * Kamala (name), given name and surname, includes list of people and characters with the name ** Kamala Harris, the 49th and current Vice President of the United States * Kamala (wrestler) (1950–2020), American profess ...

( Iman Vellani) is the lead character of the 2022 Disney+ Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) live-action

'' Ms. Marvel'', which explores the character's origin story. She has the ability to create glowing constructs, such as elongated limbs and platforms. In the final episode, Kamala's powers are described as a " mutation". Vellani is scheduled to reprise her role as Kamala in the 2023 film, '' The Marvels''.

Video games

Kamala is an unlockable, playable character in '' Marvel Puzzle Quest'', '' Lego Marvel's Avengers'' (voiced by Ashly Burch), '' Marvel Avengers Academy'' (voiced by Priyanka Chopra), '' Marvel: Future Fight'', and '' Marvel Contest of Champions''. '' Lego Marvel Super Heroes 2'' (voiced by Rebecca Kiser), and '' Marvel Strike Force''. Voiced by Erica Luttrell, she is an unlockable team-up character in '' Marvel Heroes''. The character is featured on the Champions table in '' Zen Pinball 2'' as part of the "Women of Power" DLC pack. She is a playable character in '' Marvel Ultimate Alliance 3: The Black Order'' (voiced by Kathreen Khavari) and '' Marvel's Avengers'', voiced by Sandra Saad.

Other media

GraphicAudio released the audio book ''Ms. Marvel: No Normal'' in August 2015, with the first five issues of the comic-book series. Jeff Reingold, Marvel's manager of licensed publishing, said that "The challenge here was conveying the comic visuals into a strictly audio form without the use of a third-person narrator". In March 2016, Marvel Press announced that it would publish a 128-page chapter book entitled ''Ms. Marvel: Fists of Fury'' in October 2017. The story focuses on bullying, due to Kamala's gender and background. Vellani again appears as Kamala / Ms. Marvel in the ''

Disney Wish ''Disney Wish'' is the fifth and newest cruise ship owned and operated by Disney Cruise Line, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. She is the largest ship in the fleet and the first of the ''Triton''-class. She entered service in June 2022 ...

'' cruise ship attraction '' Avengers: Quantum Encounter'', which launched in July 2022. She joins the

in facing a rebuilt Ultron.

Notes

References

External links

Kamala Khan
at Comic Vine
Kamala Khan
at Marvel Database {{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Kamala Asian-American superheroes Avengers (comics) characters Comics adapted into television series Comics characters introduced in 2013 Coming-of-age fiction Culture of Jersey City, New Jersey Fictional characters from New Jersey Fictional characters who can change size Fictional characters who can stretch themselves Fictional high school students Fictional Pakistani American people Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story-winning works Inhumans Muslim characters in comics Muslim superheroes Marvel Comics American superheroes Marvel Comics characters who are shapeshifters Marvel Comics characters with accelerated healing Marvel Comics characters with superhuman strength Marvel Comics child superheroes Marvel Comics female superheroes Teenage characters in comics Teenage superheroes