"The lamps are going out all over Europe, we shall not see them lit again in our life-time", British

Foreign Secretary The secretary of state for foreign, Commonwealth and development affairs, known as the foreign secretary, is a minister of the Crown of the Government of the United Kingdom and head of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. Seen as ...

Sir Edward Grey Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon, (25 April 1862 – 7 September 1933), better known as Sir Edward Grey, was a British Liberal statesman and the main force behind British foreign policy in the era of the First World War. An adher ...

remarked to a friend on the eve of the United Kingdom's entry into the First World War. First published in Grey's memoirs in 1925, the statement earned wide attention as an accurate perception of the First World War and its geopolitical and cultural consequences.

Original sources

Grey's memoirs ''Twenty-Five Years 1892–1916'' mention the remark as being made on 3 August 1914: In 1927,

John Alfred Spender John Alfred Spender CH (23 December 1862 – 21 June 1942) was a British journalist and author. He also edited the London newspaper ''The Westminster Gazette'' from 1896 to 1922. Early life Spender was the eldest of four sons born to John Kent ...

, editor of the '' Westminster Gazette'' until 1922, identified himself as the friend to whom Grey had spoken:

Later allusions

Grey's quotation has been used as a summation of the war in numerous historical works. The German author

Ludwig Reiners Ludwig may refer to: People and fictional characters * Ludwig (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters * Ludwig (surname), including a list of people * Ludwig Ahgren, or simply Ludwig, American YouTube live streamer and c ...

(1896–1957) published an account of World War I entitled ''The lamps went out in Europe''. Therein Grey's comment is followed by the assertion attributed to

Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of J ...

: "The mistakes that have been committed in foreign policy are not, as a rule, apparent to the public until a generation afterwards." Samuel Hynes began his 1990 ''A War Imagined'' with a paragraph covering the quotation, referring to it as the best-known and most often quoted response to the beginning of the war.Hynes, S. ''A War Imagined, The First World War and English Culture'', (London, 1990
p. 3 books.google.
/ref> In 2014 Grey's words were the inspiration for part of the British commemoration of the centenary of the outbreak of the First World War. Between 10 and 11 pm on 4 August 2014, lights were dimmed at many public locations and in private homes, including progressively at a national memorial service in Westminster Abbey. On 16 October 1938,

Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 Winston Churchill in the Second World War, dur ...

broadcast a speech known as "The Defence of Freedom and Peace (The Lights are Going Out)" to London and the United States. In the speech he says, "The stations of uncensored expression are closing down; the lights are going out; but there is still time for those to whom freedom and parliamentary government mean something, to consult together."

Notes

External links

''Foreign News: The Lights Go On''
from TIME Magazine {{DEFAULTSORT:Lamps Are Going Out Political quotes Quotations from military British political phrases English phrases United Kingdom in World War I 1910s neologisms