Michael Linning, Writer to the Signet WS (24 September 1774 - 17 February 1838) was a Scottish

solicitor A solicitor is a legal practitioner who traditionally deals with most of the legal matters in some jurisdictions. A person must have legally-defined qualifications, which vary from one jurisdiction to another, to be described as a solicitor and ...

who wrote ''The First Book of Napoleon''. He was the son of Thomas Linning and grandson of the Rev. Thomas Linning, Minister of Lesmahogow. He attended

Glasgow College , image = UofG Coat of Arms.png , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of arms Flag , latin_name = Universitas Glasguensis , motto = la, Via, Veritas, Vita , ...

from 1788 to 1793.

Author of the First Book of Napoleon

''The First Book of Napoleon'' is a pseudo-biblical work written under the pen name "Eliakim the Scribe". A pre-publication manuscript copy at the State Library of New South Wales identifies Michael Linning as the author. As a Writer to Her Majesty's Signet, Linning's role was very similar to the ancient biblical role of

scribe A scribe is a person who serves as a professional copyist, especially one who made copies of manuscripts before the invention of automatic printing. The profession of the scribe, previously widespread across cultures, lost most of its promi ...

. In addition, the pen name "Eliakim" may be a semordnilap of Michael (i.e. "Mikaile"). In February 1810, the British Critic said they readily admitted that the language adopted by this book would be peculiarly effective on the minds of those pious Christians, in humble life, who were accustomed to read and revere their Bibles; but they thought that such persons stood, perhaps, in less need of the admonitions contained in this book than any others; while the price at which a book so elegantly printed could be sold would prevent it from falling into the hands of such persons. The ''British Critic'' said that they really regretted this circumstance because the book gave, in language with which such persons were best acquainted, a just view of the principles which led to the French Revolution, to the elevation of Buonaparte to the throne of the Bourbons, and to all the miseries under which Continental Europe had so long groaned; contrasting those miseries with the happiness Britons enjoyed under the mild government of George III. In 1908, ''The Nation'' described this pamphlet as being "very curious as well as rare".

National Monument of Scotland

Linning also was Secretary of the Royal Association of Contributors to the National Monument of Scotland, which he in 1816 proposed as a memorial to Scottish soldiers and sailors who died fighting the Napoleonic Wars.

Inventor of Peat to Fuel Conversion

In a history of the parish of Mid-Calder, historian Hardy M'Call describes Linning and his work on peat moss conversion to fuel:

Mr. Linning was a man of inventive mind. Among his many projects, which were to have united the welfare of mankind at large with the development of his own estate, was a scheme for the conversion of peat into portable fuel... The scene of these experiments is marked by a stone chimney, which still remains on the lands of Colzium, though partially shattered by the memorable thunderstorm of 12th August 1884.

The patent application is recorded in February 1837.Mechanics Magazine and Journal of Science, Arts and Manufactures, Vol. 26
"List of Irish Patents Granted in the Month of February, 1837"

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Linning, Michael Scottish solicitors 1774 births 1838 deaths