The Citizens' Revolution ( es, La Revolución Ciudadana) was a political and socioeconomic project formulated by a

coalition A coalition is a group formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political or economical spaces. Formation According to ''A Gui ...

left-wing Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in soci ...

politicians with a variety of social organizations in Ecuador. Through the implementation of the Citizens' Revolution, President

Rafael Correa Rafael Vicente Correa Delgado (; born 6 April 1963), known as Rafael Correa, is an Ecuadorian politician and economist who served as President of Ecuador from 2007 to 2017. The leader of the PAIS Alliance political movement from its foundation ...

, who was the leader of

PAIS Alliance PAIS Alliance is a centre-left social democratic political party in Ecuador. In 2016, it had 979,691 members. Founded by Rafael Correa in April 2006, the party soon found success amid the "pink tide" period in Latin America. The party's early pe ...

, has sought since 2008 to gradually achieve the socialist reconstruction of Ecuadorian society.

Origins

The foundation of the Citizens' Revolution is the

Liberal Revolution of 1895 The Liberal Revolution of 1895 took place in Ecuador, and was a period of radical social and political upheaval. The Revolution started on June 5, 1895 and ultimately resulted in the overthrow of the conservative government, which had ruled Ecuado ...

led by

Eloy Alfaro José Eloy Alfaro Delgado (25 June 1842 – 28 January 1912) often referred to as "The Old Warrior," was an Ecuadorian politician who served as the President of Ecuador from 1895 to 1901 and from 1906 to 1911. Eloy Alfaro emerged as the leader ...

(1842–1912) and the ideals of

Socialism of the 21st century Socialism of the 21st century ( es, Socialismo del siglo XXI; pt, Socialismo do século XXI; german: Sozialismus des 21. Jahrhunderts) is an interpretation of socialist principles first advocated by German sociologist and political analyst ...

Basis

The Citizens' Revolution was based on the Five Axes of the Citizens' Revolution (Los 5 ejes de la Revolución Ciudadana). The Five Axes underpin the 2009–2013 National Plan for Good Living which "establishes new horizons aimed to materialize and radicalize the project for a change of the Citizens' Revolution for the construction of a Plurinational and Intercultural State and, finally, for the achievement of Good Living for all Ecuadorians." Ecuador decided to end its credit relationship with the

International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster globa ...

and renegotiated oil contracts and rejoined

OPEC The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC, ) is a cartel of countries. Founded on 14 September 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela), it has, since 1965, been headquart ...

. Ecuador was also active in the project to integrate the countries of South America into a single economic and political bloc in UNASUR, the

Union of South American Nations The Union of South American Nations (USAN; es, links=no, Unión de Naciones Suramericanas, UNASUR; pt, links=no, União de Nações Sul-Americanas, UNASUL; nl, links=no, Unie van Zuid-Amerikaanse Naties, UZAN; French: ''Union des nations s ...

and was instrumental in the creation of the Bank of the South, El Banco del Sur, a pan-South American monetary fund, development bank and lending organisation whose founding agreement was signed on 26 September 2009. Following the rightward turn of the Alianza PAIS, allies of Correa founded a new leftist party named for the philosophy, the

Citizen Revolution Movement The Citizen Revolution Movement ( es, Movimiento Revolución Ciudadana) is a Democratic socialism, democratic socialist political party in Ecuador formed by supporters of former President Rafael Correa who distanced themselves from Correa's forme ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Citizens' Revolution 21st-century revolutions History of Ecuador