Spanish
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: ''El Pacto de Sangre'') is an 1886 “
historic
History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...
and historical'"The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna from Juan Luna Selected Paintings from the Bank of the Philippine Islands Collection, ayalamuseum.orgOcampo, Ambeth "The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna from Juan Luna's Works, Looking Back, Inquirer Opinion/Columns, Inquirer, opinion.inquirer.net, October 24, 2007 painting by
Filipino
Filipino may refer to:
* Something from or related to the Philippines
** Filipino language, standardized variety of 'Tagalog', the national language and one of the official languages of the Philippines.
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painter
Juan Luna
Juan Luna de San Pedro y Novicio Ancheta (, ; October 23, 1857 – December 7, 1899) was a Filipino painter, sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine Revolution during the late 19th century. He became one of the first recogni ...
."The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna from The Home of Great Filipino Painter Juan Luna, Treasures of Ilocandia and the World, ilocandiatreasures.com, January 3, 2010
Description
''The Blood Compact'' portrays the 1565 ''
Sandugo
The Sandugo was a blood compact, performed in the island of Bohol in the Philippines, between the Spanish explorer Miguel López de Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna the chieftain of Bohol on March 16, 1565, to seal their friendship as part of the triba ...
'' (
blood compact
Blood compact (Spanish: ''Pacto de sangre''; Filipino: ''Sanduguan'') was an ancient ritual in the Philippines intended to seal a friendship or treaty, or to validate an agreement. The contracting parties would cut their hands and pour their blood ...
ritual) between
Datu Sikatuna
Datu Sikatuna (or ''Catunao'') was a Datu or chieftain of the Bool Kingdom (or Kedatuan of Dapitan) in the island of Bohol in the Philippines. He made a blood compact (''sanduguan'') and alliance with the Spain, Spanish explorer Miguel López de Le ...
of
Bohol
Bohol (), officially the Province of Bohol ( ceb, Lalawigan sa Bohol; tl, Lalawigan ng Bohol), is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, consisting of the island itself and 75 minor surrounding islands. It ...
and Miguel López de Legazpi, surrounded by other conquistadors. Datu Sikatuna was described to be 'being crowded out of the picture by Miguel López de Legazpi and his fellow conquistadores'."The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna , from Juan Luna Collection, lopezmuseum.org.ph
Historical background
Juan Luna completed ''The Blood Compact'' in 1886, a year after he moved to
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
to open a studio. It was also the year after Luna became a friend of
Félix Resurrección Hidalgo
Félix Resurrección Hidalgo y Padilla (February 21, 1855 – March 13, 1913) was a Filipino artist. He is acknowledged as one of the greatest Filipino painters of the late 19th century, and is significant in Philippine history for having been a ...
, another known Filipino painter."The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna , from Lizares: The Passionate Juan Luna, sunstar.com In 1904, the painting won the first prize in
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
,
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...
. The masterpiece was painted by Luna"The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna from Juan Luna Hero of the Philippine Revolution, Filipino.biz.ph during his four-year ''pensionadoship'' from the Ayuntamiento de Manila, enabling him to continue studying painting in
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
."The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna from the "''Las Damas Romanas'' (Roman Maidens) " article, Juan Luna (The Philippines 1857-1899), Christies.com It is one of the three paintings Luna gave the
Government of Spain
gl, Goberno de España eu, Espainiako Gobernua
, image =
, caption = Logo of the Government of Spain
, headerstyle = background-color: #efefef
, label1 = Role
, data1 = Executive power
, label2 = Established
, d ...
, even though he was only obligated to paint just one canvas during the pensionadoship."The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna , from lopezmuseum.org.ph The other paintings are ''Don Miguel Lopez de Legazpi'', a painting that was burned during the Philippine Revolution, and ''Governor Ramon Blanco'', a work that became a part of the Lopez Museum collection. This is one of the last paintings created by Luna."The Blood Compact" by Juan Luna from Juan Luna, National Heroes, globalpinoy.comJosé Rizal and Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera helped Luna in completing the painting by providing historical advice and posing for the painter: Rizal posed as Sikatuna while Pardo de Tavera posed as Legazpi.
''The Blood Compact'' is currently displayed in Malacañan Palace, the official residence of the
President
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, located at the top of the Grand Staircase leading towards the Ceremonial Hall.
Exhibition
In 2008, ''The Blood Compact'' and other Luna works became a part of a twenty-three painting exhibition from the collection of the
Bank of the Philippine Islands
Bank of the Philippine Islands ( fil, Bangko ng Kapuluang Pilipinas, es, Banco de las Islas Filipinas, commonly known as BPI; ) is a universal bank in the Philippines. It is the first bank in both the Philippines and Southeast Asia. It is t ...
. The public exhibition celebrated the thirtieth anniversary of the Bank of the Philippines Islands, and marked the first time that the so-called "BPI collection" was shown to the public. ''The Blood Compact'' and the other paintings are considered as the 'expression of the coming of the age of the Filipino and the birth of the Philippines as a nation in the late 19th century.'