''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott in 1859, with the sole species '' Thaumatophyllum spruceanum''. In 1962, G.M. Barroso transferred ''T. spruceanum'' to '' Philodendron''. (However, the transfer was not made correctly and Barroso's name ''Philodendron spruceanum'' is illegitimate.) While in ''Philodendron'', ''T. spruceanum'' was placed, along with other species, in subgenus ''Meconostigma''. A series of

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

studies, particularly from 2008 onwards, suggested that, when broadly

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

, ''Philodendron'' was not

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...

. In 2018, it was proposed that subgenus ''Meconostigma'' should be raised to the rank of genus, under the name ''Thaumatophyllum''. The proposal has been accepted by

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...

, among other taxonomic databases. The generic epithet ''Thaumatophyllum'' comes from

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...

(, "miracle") + (, "leaf").

Phylogeny

Relationships among the former subgenera of ''Philodendron'' and related genera are not yet fully resolved. Several studies that have produced a resolved tree suggest that relationships may be of the form:

Species

accepted the following species: *'' Thaumatophyllum adamantinum'' (Mart. ex Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum'' (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum brasiliense'' (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum corcovadense'' (Kunth) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum dardanianum'' (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum leal-costae'' (Mayo & G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum lundii'' (Warm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum mello-barretoanum'' (Burle-Marx ex G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum paludicola'' (E.G.Gonç. & Salviani) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum petraeum'' (Chodat & Vischer) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum saxicola'' (K.Krause) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum solimoesense'' (A.C.Sm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum speciosum'' (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum spruceanum'' Schott *'' Thaumatophyllum stenolobum'' (E.G.Gonç.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum tweedieanum'' (Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum uliginosum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm S ...

'' (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum undulatum'' (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum venezuelense'' (G.S.Bunting) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum williamsii'' (Hook.f.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum xanadu'' (Croat, J.Boos & Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo

References

{{Taxonbar, from1=Q58336068 Araceae genera