''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the arum family,

Araceae The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also ...

. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by

Heinrich Wilhelm Schott Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (7 January 1794 in Brünn (Brno), Moravia – 5 March 1865 at Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna) was an Austrian botanist well known for his extensive work on aroids (Araceae). He studied botany, agriculture and chemistry at ...

in 1859, with the sole species '' Thaumatophyllum spruceanum''. In 1962, G.M. Barroso transferred ''T. spruceanum'' to ''

Philodendron ''Philodendron'' is a large genus of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Araceae. , the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepted 489 species; other sources accept different numbers. Regardless of number of species, the gen ...

''. (However, the transfer was not made correctly and Barroso's name ''Philodendron spruceanum'' is illegitimate.) While in ''Philodendron'', ''T. spruceanum'' was placed, along with other species, in subgenus ''Meconostigma''. A series of

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

studies, particularly from 2008 onwards, suggested that, when broadly

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

, ''Philodendron'' was not

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...

. In 2018, it was proposed that subgenus ''Meconostigma'' should be raised to the rank of genus, under the name ''Thaumatophyllum''. The proposal has been accepted by

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...

, among other taxonomic databases. The generic epithet ''Thaumatophyllum'' comes from

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...

(, "miracle") + (, "leaf").

Phylogeny

Relationships among the former subgenera of ''Philodendron'' and related genera are not yet fully resolved. Several studies that have produced a resolved tree suggest that relationships may be of the form:

Species

accepted the following species: *'' Thaumatophyllum adamantinum'' (Mart. ex Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum'' (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum brasiliense ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum corcovadense'' (Kunth) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum dardanianum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum leal-costae ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Mayo & G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum lundii ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Warm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum mello-barretoanum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Burle-Marx ex G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum paludicola ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (E.G.Gonç. & Salviani) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum petraeum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Chodat & Vischer) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum saxicola ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (K.Krause) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum solimoesense ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (A.C.Sm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum speciosum'' (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum spruceanum'' Schott *''

Thaumatophyllum stenolobum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (E.G.Gonç.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum tweedieanum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum uliginosum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly ''Philodendron#Modern classification, Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' ...

'' (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum undulatum'' (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum venezuelense'' (G.S.Bunting) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum williamsii'' (Hook.f.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum xanadu'' (Croat, J.Boos & Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo

References

{{Taxonbar, from1=Q58336068 Araceae genera