''Thais'', sometimes known by the
common name
In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrast ...
s dog winkles or rock shells, is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of medium to large
predatory
Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey. It is one of a family of common feeding behaviours that includes parasitism and micropredation (which usually do not kill th ...
sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...
s with an
operculum,
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
* Marine habitats
* Marine life
* Marine pollution
Military
* ...
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Muricidae
Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex snails or rock snails. With about 1,600 living species, the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neogas ...
.
[Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2010). Thais Röding, 1798. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138207 on 2011-01-10]
Species
Species within the genus ''Thais'' include:
* ''
Thais ambustulata''
Hedley, 1912
* ''
Thais dayunensis''
Z.-Y. Chen & Z.-J. You, 2009
* † ''
Thais demissa''
Finlay, 1930
* ''
Thais nodosa''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
)
* ''
Thais pseudodiadema''
(Yokoyama, 1928)
* ''
Thais tricolorata''
Bozzetti, 2010
Synonyms
* ''Thais aculeata''
Deshayes & Milne-Edwards, 1844: synonym of ''
Tylothais aculeata''
(Deshayes, 1844)
*'' Thais alouina''
( Röding, 1798): synonym of ''
Mancinella alouina''
(Röding, 1798)
* ''Thais aperta''
Blainville, 1832: synonym of ''
Drupa aperta''
( Blainville, 1832)
* ''Thais bimaculata''
(Jonas, 1845): synonym of ''
Menathais bimaculata''
(Jonas, 1845)
* ''Thais bitubercularis''
(Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...
, 1822): synonym of ''
Reishia bitubercularis
''Reishia bitubercularis'', common names bituberculate rock shell, bituberculate rock snail, chestnut rock shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (20 ...
''
(Lamarck, 1822)
* ''Thais blanfordi''
(Melvill, 1893): synonym of ''
Indothais blanfordi''
(Melvill, 1893)
* ''Thais bronni''
(Dunker, 1860): synonym of ''
Reishia bronni''
(Dunker, 1860)
* ''Thais callaoensis''
(Gray, 1828): synonym of ''
Acanthais callaoensis''
(J. E. Gray, 1828) (superseded combination)
* ''Thais callifera''
(Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...
, 1822): synonym of ''
Thaisella callifera''
(Lamarck, 1822)
* ''Thais carinifera'': synonym of ''Thais lacera''
(Born, 1778)
* ''Thais chocolata''
(Duclos, 1832): synonym of ''
Thaisella chocolata''
(P.L. Duclos, 1832)
* ''Thais clavigera''
Köster, 1858: synonym of ''
Reishia clavigera''
(Küster, 1860)
* ''Thais coronata''
(Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...
, 1816): synonym of ''
Thaisella coronata
''Thaisella coronata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Thaisella coronata'' (Lamarck, 1816). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species ...
''
(Lamarck, 1816)
* ''Thais delessertiana''
(D'Orbigny
Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropol ...
, 1841): synonym of ''
Stramonita delessertiana'' (d'Orbigny, 1841)
* ''Thais deltoidea''
(Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...
, 1822) - deltoid rocksnail: synonym of ''
Vasula deltoidea
''Vasula deltoidea'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.Bouchet, P. (2014). Vasula deltoidea (Lamarck, 1822). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http: ...
''
(Lamarck, 1822)
* ''Thais dubia''
( Schepman, 1922): synonym of ''
Indothais dubia''
(Schepman, 1919)
* ''Thais echinata''
( Blainville, 1832): synonym of ''
Mancinella echinata''
(Blainville, 1832)
* ''Thais echinulata''
(Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...
, 1822): synonym of ''
Mancinella echinulata''
(Lamarck, 1822)
* ''Thais emarginata''
( Deshayes, 1839): synonym of ''
Nucella emarginata
''Nucella emarginata'', common name the emarginate dogwinkle, is a species of medium-sized predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Description
''N. emarginata'' is a rocky in ...
''
( Deshayes, 1839)
* ''Thais gemmulata'': synonym of ''
Thais (Mancinella) alouina''
( Röding, 1798)
* ''Thais gradata''
(Jonas, 1846): synonym of ''
Indothais gradata''
(Jonas, 1846)
* ''Thais grandis''
(Sowerby, 1835): synonym of ''
Neorapana grandis''
(Sowerby I, 1835)
* ''Thais grossa''
Houart, 2001: synonym of ''
Mancinella grossa''
(Houart, 2001) (basionym)
* ''Thais haemastoma''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
): synonym of ''
Stramonita haemastoma
''Stramonita haemastoma'', common name the red-mouthed rock shell or the Florida dog winkle, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the rock snails.
Subspecies
''Stramonita haemastoma'' conta ...
''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1767)
* ''Thais herberti''
Houart, 1998: synonym of ''
Mancinella herberti''
(Houart, 1998) (basionym)
* ''Thais hippocastanum''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
): synonym of ''
Thais (Thalessa) virgata''
(Dillwyn, 1817)
* ''Thais intermedia''
(Kiener
Louis Charles Kiener (31 July 1799 – 24 July 1881) was a French malacologist born in Paris.
He was the author of the 12-volume ''Spécies général et iconographie des coquilles vivantes comprenant la collection du Muséum d'histoire naturelle ...
, 1835): synonym of ''
Menathais intermedia''
(Kiener, 1835)
* ''Thais javanica''
(Philippi, 1848): synonym of ''
Indothais javanica''
(Philippi, 1848)
* ''Thais jubilaea''
Tan & Sigurdsson, 1990:
[Tan K. S. & Sigurdsson J. B. (1990). "A new species of ''Thais'' (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia". '']The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology
''The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology'' is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum at the National University of Singapore. It covers the taxonomy, ecology, and conservation of Southeast As ...
'' 38(2): 205-211
PDF
. synonym of ''Reishia jubilaea''
(K.-S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1990): synonym of ''
Reishia luteostoma''
(Holten, 1802)
* ''Thais keluo''
Tan & Liu, 2001: synonym of ''
Reishia keluo''
(K.-S. Tan & L.-L. Liu, 2001)
* ''Thais kiosquiformis''
(Duclos, 1832): synonym of ''
Thaisella kiosquiformis''
(Duclos, 1832)
* ''Thais lacera''
( Born, 1778): synonym of ''
Indothais lacera''
(Born, 1778)
* ''Thais lamellosa''
(Gmelin, 1791): synonym of ''
Nucella lamellosa
''Nucella lamellosa'', commonly known as the frilled dogwinkle or wrinkled purple whelk, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. This species occurs in the eastern Pacific O ...
''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Thais langi''
Clench
Clench may refer to:
People
* Clench (surname)
Places in England
* Clench, Wiltshire, in the parish of Milton Lilbourne
** Clench Mill, a windmill in Wiltshire
* Clench Common, a hamlet in the parish of Savernake, Wiltshire
In fiction
* C ...
& Turner, 1948: synonym of ''
Thaisella forbesii''
(Dunker, 1853)
* ''Thais lapillus''
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
- the
dog whelk
The dog whelk, dogwhelk, or Atlantic dogwinkle (''Nucella lapillus'') is a species of predatory sea snail, a carnivorous marine gastropod in the family Muricidae, the rock snails.
''Nucella lapillus'' was originally described by Carl Linnaeus in ...
: synonym of''
Nucella lapillus
The dog whelk, dogwhelk, or Atlantic dogwinkle (''Nucella lapillus'') is a species of predatory sea snail, a carnivorous marine gastropod in the family Muricidae, the rock snails.
''Nucella lapillus'' was originally described by Carl Linnaeus in ...
''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
)
* ''Thais lata''
(Kuroda Kuroda (written: lit. "black ricefield") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*, Japanese painter
* Akinobu Kuroda 黒田 明伸, Japanese historian
* Chris Kuroda, lighting designer and operator for the band Phish and J ...
, 1931): synonym of ''
Mancinella lata''
(Kuroda, 1931)
* ''Thais luteostoma''
Holton, 1803: synonym of ''
Reishia luteostoma''
(Holten, 1802)
* ''Thais malayensis''
Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996: synonym of ''
Indothais malayensis''
(Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996)
* ''Thais mancinella''
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
: synonym of ''
Mancinella alouina''
(Röding, 1798)
* ''Thais mariae''
Morettes, 1954: synonym of ''
Thaisella mariae''
(Morretes, 1954) (basionym)
* ''Thais marmorata''
( Pease, 1865): synonym of ''
Mancinella marmorata''
(Pease, 1865)
* ''Thais melones''
(Duclos, 1832): synonym of ''
Vasula melones''
(Duclos, 1832)
* ''Thais muricata''
(Broderip, 1832): synonym of ''
Neorapana muricata''
(Broderip, 1832)
* ''Thais orbita''
(Gmelin Gmelin may refer to:
* Gmelin's test, a chemical test
* Gmelin database, a German handbook/encyclopedia of inorganic compounds initiated by Leopold Gmelin
People
* Carl Christian Gmelin (1762–1837), German botanist, author of ''Flora Badensis ...
, 1791) - White rock shell: synonym of ''
Dicathais orbita
''Dicathais'' is a genus of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, the rock snails. This genus is monotypic; the only species in it is ''Dicathais orbita'', common name the white rock shell or cart-rut shell, ...
''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Thais pica''
Blainville: synonym of ''
Thais (Thalessa) tuberosa''
( Röding, 1798)
* ''Thais pinangensis''
Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996: synonym of ''
Indothais pinangensis''
(K. S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996)
* ''Thais rufotincta''
Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996: synonym of ''
Indothais rufotincta''
(K. S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996)
* ''Thais rustica''
(Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...
, 1822) Rustic rocksnail: synonym of ''
Stramonita rustica''
(Lamarck, 1822)
* ''Thais sacellum''
(Gmelin Gmelin may refer to:
* Gmelin's test, a chemical test
* Gmelin database, a German handbook/encyclopedia of inorganic compounds initiated by Leopold Gmelin
People
* Carl Christian Gmelin (1762–1837), German botanist, author of ''Flora Badensis ...
, 1791): synonym of ''
Indothais sacellum''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Thais savignyi''
( Deshayes, 1844): synonym of ''Thalessa savignyi''
(Deshayes, 1844); synonym of ''
Tylothais savignyi''
(Deshayes, 1844)
*'' Thais siro''
Kuroda Kuroda (written: lit. "black ricefield") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*, Japanese painter
* Akinobu Kuroda 黒田 明伸, Japanese historian
* Chris Kuroda, lighting designer and operator for the band Phish and J ...
, 1931: synonym of ''
Mancinella siro''
(Kuroda, 1931)
* ''Thais speciosa''
(Valenciennes, 1832): synonym of ''
Vasula speciosa'' (
Valenciennes, 1832)
* ''Thais stellata''
Röding, 1798: synonym of ''
Stramonita haemastoma
''Stramonita haemastoma'', common name the red-mouthed rock shell or the Florida dog winkle, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the rock snails.
Subspecies
''Stramonita haemastoma'' conta ...
''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1767)
* ''Thais tissoti''
(Petit
Petite or petite may refer to:
*Petit (crater), a small, bowl-shaped lunar crater on Mare Spumans
* ''Petit'' (EP), a 1995 EP by Japanese singer-songwriter Ua
* Petit (typography), another name for brevier-size type
*Petit four
* Petit Gâteau
*P ...
, 1852): synonym of ''
Semiricinula tissoti''
(Petit de la Saussaye, 1852)
* ''Thais triangularis''
( Blainville, 1832): synonym of ''
Acanthais triangularis''
(Blainville, 1832)
* ''Thais trinitatensis''
(Guppy, 1869): synonym of ''
Thaisella trinitatensis''
(Guppy, 1869) (superseded combination)
* ''Thais tuberculata''
(Sowerby, 1835): synonym of ''
Neorapana tuberculata''
(Sowerby I, 1835)
* ''Thais tuberosa''
( Röding, 1798): synonym of ''
Menathais tuberosa''
(Röding, 1798)
* ''Thais tumulosa''
( Reeve, 1846): synonym of ''Thalessa tumulosa''
(Reeve, 1846): synonym of ''
Thaisella tumulosa''
(Reeve, 1846)
* ''Thais undata''
Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...
: synonym of ''
Reishia bitubercularis
''Reishia bitubercularis'', common names bituberculate rock shell, bituberculate rock snail, chestnut rock shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (20 ...
''
(Lamarck, 1822)
* ''Thais virgata''
( Dillwyn, 1817): synonym of ''
Tylothais virgata''
(Dillwyn, 1817)
* ''Thais woodwardi''
(Roxo, 1924): synonym of † ''
Melongena woodwardi
''Melongena'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Melongenidae, the crown conches and their allies.WoRMS (2010). Melongena Schumacher, 1817. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca dat ...
''
(Roxo, 1924) - from
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recen ...
of the
Pebas Formation
The Pebas Formation is a lithostratigraphic unit of Miocene age, found in western Amazonia. The formation extends over , including parts of Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia.Wesselingh et al., 2006 It is interpreted as representing the deposits ...
[Vermeij J. & Wesselingh F. P. (2002). "Neogastropod molluscs from the Miocene of western Amazonia, with comments on marine to freshwater transitions in molluscs". '']Journal of Paleontology
The ''Journal of Paleontology'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of paleontology. It is published by the Paleontological Society.
Indexing
The ''Journal of Paleontology'' is indexed in:
*BIOSIS Previews
*Science Citatio ...
'' 76(2): 265-270. .
* ''Thais wutingi''
Tan, 1997: synonym of ''
Indothais wutingi''
(Tan, 1997) (original combination)
References
* Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp
* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a
Hedley bibliography of guides to their identification''. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
Further reading
* R. Tucker Abbott, Percy A. Morris, Roger Tory Peterson, (1995), ''A Field Guide to Shells of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies'' Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, New York (Peterson Field Guide Series)
* Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J. (1962) ''Marine Molluscs of Victoria''. Melbourne University Press & The National Museum of Victoria
External links
Röding, P. F. (1798). Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia. Trapp, Hamburg. viii, 199 pp. *
{{Authority control
Rapaninae
Taxa named by Peter Friedrich Röding