The Tettigarctidae, known as the hairy cicadas, are a small

relict A relict is a surviving remnant of a natural phenomenon. Biology A relict (or relic) is an organism that at an earlier time was abundant in a large area but now occurs at only one or a few small areas. Geology and geomorphology In geology, a r ...

(mostly extinct) family of primitive

cicada The cicadas () are a superfamily, the Cicadoidea, of insects in the order Hemiptera (true bugs). They are in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, along with smaller jumping bugs such as leafhoppers and froghoppers. The superfamily is divided into two ...

s. Along with more than 20 extinct genera, Tettigarctidae contains a single extant genus, ''

Tettigarcta ''Tettigarcta'' is a genus of cicadas in the family Tettigarctidae. There are two described species in ''Tettigarcta'', one found in mainland Australia and one on the island of Tasmania. These two species are the only living species of the family ...

'', with two extant species, one from southern Australia ('' T. crinita'') and one from the island of

Tasmania ) , nickname = , image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdi ...

('' T. tomentosa''). Numerous fossil species have been described from the Late Triassic onwards. ''Tettigarcta'' are the closest living relatives of the true

cicadas The cicadas () are a superfamily, the Cicadoidea, of insects in the order Hemiptera (true bugs). They are in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, along with smaller jumping bugs such as leafhoppers and froghoppers. The superfamily is divided into two ...

General

Only one genus in the family Tettigarctidae is not extinct, ''

''. Dates given in million years ago (Ma). Family Tettigarctidae * † '' Hpanraais'' Jiang et al. 2019 -

Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The ...

, Myanmar, mid Cretaceous (latest

Albian The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/ Series. Its approximate time range is 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma to 100.5 ± 0 ...

-earliest Cenomanian) ~99 Ma * † '' Mesodiphthera'' Tillyard, 1919 Blackstone Formation Australia, Late Triassic ( Norian) 227–208.5 Ma * † '' Tardilly'' Lambkin, 2019 Blackstone Formation Australia, 227–208.5 Ma Subfamily Cicadoprosbolinae Evans, 1956 * † '' Maculaprosbole'' Zheng et al. 2016 -

Daohugou Beds The Haifanggou Formation (), also known as the Jiulongshan Formation (), is a fossil-bearing rock deposit located near Daohugou () village of Ningcheng County, in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China. The formation consists of coarse conglomerat ...

, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 155.7 Ma * Tribe Turutanoviini Scherbakov, 2008 **† '' Hirtaprosbole'' Liu et al. 2016 -

, China, 164.7 to 155.7 Ma **† '' Sanmai'' Chen, Zhang & Wang B 2016 -

, China, 164.7 to 155.7 Ma **† '' Shuraboprosbole'' Becker-Migdisova 1949 (syn- '' Paraprosbole'' Whalley 1985 according to Chen et al 2016) Sagul Formation Kyrgyzstan, Charmouth Mudstone Formation, United Kingdom, Early Jurassic,

, China, Middle Jurassic 189.6 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Tianyuprosbole'' Chen, Wang, Zhang & Wang, 2014 -

, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Turutanovia'' Becker-Migdisova 1949 -

Karabastau Formation The Karabastau Formation ( kk, Qarabastaý svıtasy) is a geological formation and lagerstätte in the Karatau Mountains of southern Kazakhstan whose strata date to the Middle to Late Jurassic. It is an important locality for insect fossils that ...

, Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic Gurvan-Eren Formation Mongolia, Early Cretaceous 164.7 to 112.6 Ma *Tribe Cicadoprosbolini Evans, 1956 **† '' Burmaprosbole'' Qiao et al, 2021 Burmese amber, Myanmar, 99 Ma **† '' Diphtheropsis'' Martynov 1937 - Dzhil Formation, Sulyukta Formation Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Early Jurassic 189.6 to 183.0 Ma **† '' Cicadoprosbole'' Becker-Migdisova 1947 - Dzhil Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic 201.6 to 189.6 Ma **† '' Macrotettigarcta'' Chen and Wang 2016 -

, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Elkinda'' Shcherbakov 1988 - Turga Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous 125.45 to 122.46 Ma **† '' Shaanxiarcta'' Shcherbakov 2008 - Fengjiashan Formation, China, Early Cretaceous 136.4 to 125.45 Ma **† '' Hylaeoneura'' Lameere and Severin 1897 - Sainte-Barbe Clays Formation, Belgium, Early Cretaceous, 130.0 to 122.46 Ma **† '' Vetuprosbole'' Fu, Cai and Huang, 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, 99 Ma **†"''Liassocicada''" ''ignota'' Brodie 1845, Lilstock Formation, United Kingdom, Late Triassic ( Rhaetian) 205.6 - 201.6 Ma *Tribe Architettigini Scherbakov, 2008 **† '' Architettix'' Hamilton 1990 -

Crato Formation The Crato Formation is a geologic formation of Early Cretaceous (Aptian) age in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It is an important Lagerstätte (undisturbed fossil accumulation) for palaeontologists. The strata were laid down mostly during ...

, Brazil, Early Cretaceous (late Aptian) ~113 Ma Subfamily Tettigarctinae Distant, 1905 * †'' Cretotettigarcta'' Fu, Cai and Huang, 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, 99 Ma * Tribe Protabanini Hong, 1982 **† '' Eotettigarcta'' Zeuner 1944 - Ardtun Head, Isle of Mull, United Kingdom,

Paleocene The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek ''pal ...

58.7 to 55.8 Ma **† '' Liassocicada'' Bode 1953 -

Posidonia Shale The Posidonia Shale (german: Posidonienschiefer, also called Schistes Bitumineux in Luxembourg) geologically known as the Sachrang Formation, is an Early Jurassic (Toarcian) geological formation of southwestern and northeast Germany, northern Swit ...

Germany, Early Jurassic 183.0 - 182.0 Ma **† '' Magrebarcta'' Shcherbakov 2008 - Douiret Formation, Tunisia, Early Cretaceous 125.45 to 112.6 Ma **† '' Protabanus'' Hong 1982 -

Jiulongshan Formation The Haifanggou Formation (), also known as the Jiulongshan Formation (), is a fossil-bearing rock deposit located near Daohugou () village of Ningcheng County, in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China. The formation consists of coarse conglomerates ...

, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Sunotettigarcta'' Hong 1983 -

, Jiulongshan Formation, China, Middle Jurassic

Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic 164.7 to 155.7 Ma **† '' Tettagalma'' Menon 2005 -

, Brazil, 122.46 to 112.6 Ma **† '' Maculaferrum'' Demers-Potvin et al 2020 - Redmond Formation, Canada, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) 99.7 to 94.3 Ma * Tribe Meunierini Boulard et Nel, 1990 ** † '' Kisylia'' Martynov 1937 - Kyzyl-Kiya, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic 189.6 to 183.0 Ma ** † '' Meuniera'' Piton 1936 -

Menat Formation The Menat Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleocene. It is a maar deposit located on top of an ancient volcano, the extent is very localised with the outcropping area being around 600 by 1000 ...

, France, Paleocene 58.7 to 55.8 Ma * Tribe Tettigarctini Distant, 1905 ** † '' Paratettigarcta'' Kaulfuss & Moulds 2015 - Hindon Maar, New Zealand,

Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...

23.03 to 15.97 Ma ** ''

'' White, 1845 - Australia, extant

References

External links

CSIRO Tettigarctid page

A photo of a Tettigarcta tomentosa
* * Auchenorrhyncha families Cicadas {{Auchenorrhyncha-stub

General

See also

References

External links