Tetrafluorohydrazine or perfluorohydrazine, , is a colourless, reactive

inorganic In chemistry, an inorganic compound is typically a chemical compound that lacks carbon–hydrogen bonds, that is, a compound that is not an organic compound. The study of inorganic compounds is a subfield of chemistry known as '' inorganic chemist ...

gas Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma). A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or ...

. It is a

fluorinated In chemistry, halogenation is a chemical reaction that entails the introduction of one or more halogens into a chemical compound, compound. Halide-containing compounds are pervasive, making this type of transformation important, e.g. in the prod ...

analog of

hydrazine Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour. Hydrazine is highly toxic unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine ...

. It is a highly hazardous chemical that explodes in the presence of

organic Organic may refer to: * Organic, of or relating to an organism, a living entity * Organic, of or relating to an anatomical organ Chemistry * Organic matter, matter that has come from a once-living organism, is capable of decay or is the product ...

materials. Tetrafluorohydrazine is manufactured from nitrogen trifluoride using an

iron Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from la, ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in f ...

catalyst or

iron(II) fluoride Iron(II) fluoride or ferrous fluoride is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula FeF2. It forms a tetrahydrate FeF2·4H2O that is often referred to by the same names. The anhydrous and hydrated forms are white crystalline solids.Dale L. ...

. It is used in some

chemical syntheses As a topic of chemistry, chemical synthesis (or combination) is the artificial execution of chemical reactions to obtain one or several products. This occurs by physical and chemical manipulations usually involving one or more reactions. In moder ...

, as a precursor or a

catalyst Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

. Tetrafluorohydrazine was considered for use as a high-energy liquid

oxidizer An oxidizing agent (also known as an oxidant, oxidizer, electron recipient, or electron acceptor) is a substance in a redox chemical reaction that gains or " accepts"/"receives" an electron from a (called the , , or ). In other words, an oxid ...

in some never-flown

rocket fuel Rocket propellant is the reaction mass of a rocket. This reaction mass is ejected at the highest achievable velocity from a rocket engine to produce thrust. The energy required can either come from the propellants themselves, as with a chemical ...

formulas in 1959.

Properties

Tetrafluorohydrazine is in equilibrium with its radical monomer nitrogen difluoride. : N₂F₄ 2 NF₂• At room temperature N₂F₄ is mostly associated with only 0.7% in the form of NF₂ at 5mm Hg pressure. When the temperature rises to 225 °C, it mostly dissociates with 99% in the form of NF₂. molecule dimensions and angles The energy needed to break the N-N bond in N₂F₄ is 20.8 kcal/mol, with an entropy change of 38.6 eu. For comparison, the dissociation energy of the N-N bond is 14.6 kcal/mol in N₂O₄, 10.2 kcal/mol in N₂O₂, and 60 kcal/mol in N₂H₄. The

enthalpy of formation Enthalpy , a property of a thermodynamic system, is the sum of the system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume. It is a state function used in many measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems at a constant ...

of N₂F₄ (ΔH_f) is 34.421 kJ/mol.

References

{{Hydrazines Nitrogen fluorides Rocket oxidizers Hydrazines Gases