Terrano () is a Slovenian and

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...

wine Wine is an alcoholic drink made from Fermentation in winemaking, fermented fruit. Yeast in winemaking, Yeast consumes the sugar in the fruit and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Wine is most often made f ...

variety (not to be confused with a completely different grape variety also called '' Teran'', which is indigenous to the Croatian part of the Istrian peninsula), bearing the mark of recognized traditional denomination.Terrano
,

Vitis International Variety Catalogue The Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) is a database of various species and varieties/cultivars of grapevine, the genus ''Vitis''. VIVC is administered by the Geilweilerhof Institute for Grape Breeding (''Institut für Rebenzüchtung G ...

, accessed 2010-10-23Agrotur TERAN PTP / TERRANO, accessed 2012-05-21
/ref> It is a member of the Refosco family of grape varieties, which also includes Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso. Since 2006 it is a wine with a protected designation of origin (PDO) within

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...

under the protected designation "Teran".Extract from the Register of protected designation of origin and protected geographical indications E-BACCHUS
/ref> Traditional Slovene ''Kraški teran'' does not age well—notably, chemical analyses have confirmed that the content of bivalent iron starts to diminish radically two years after fermentation—and should be consumed within its first year; after that, the wine quickly loses its attractive vitality and can even become bitter and flat.
/ref>Slovenia vino
/ref>

Regions

Terrano wine is primarily grown on the

Karst Plateau The Karst Plateau or the Karst region (, ), also locally called Karst, is a karst plateau region extending across the border of southwestern Slovenia and northeastern Italy. It lies between the Vipava Valley, the low hills surrounding the val ...

within the Slovene Littoral wine region (where it is called ''Kraški teran'' 'Karst Terrano') and Italian Carso DOC (with two main varieties called ''Terrano del Carso'' 'Karst Terrano' and ''Carso Rosso'' 'Karst Red'). Terrano is the principal red wine grape in these regions. In the Carso DOC, the grape is sometimes blended with Piccola nera.J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 797 Allen Lane 2012 In Italy it is also used in the DOC Cagnina di Romagna in

Emilia-Romagna Emilia-Romagna (, , both , ; or ; ) is an Regions of Italy, administrative region of northern Italy, comprising the historical regions of Emilia (region), Emilia and Romagna. Its capital is Bologna. It has an area of , and a population of 4.4 m ...

. The Italian and Slovene parts of the Karst Plateau (''Carso'' and ''Kras'', respectively) are located on either side of the Italian–Slovene border. In this area the Terra Rossa is present in part of the municipalities of

Sežana Sežana (; ) is a town in the Slovenian Littoral region of Slovenia, near the border with Italy. It is the seat of the Municipality of Sežana. Sežana is located on the Karst Plateau, from Trieste, Italy, and from Ljubljana, the capital city ...

, Komen and Kostanjevica, around the villages of Tomaj and Dutovlje. In Italy, it is present in the area of Monrupino, Sgonico, Duino-Aurisina and in a very limited part of the municipality of Trieste (between Opicina and the Slovenian border). In Croatia, it is found in Western

Istria Istria ( ; Croatian language, Croatian and Slovene language, Slovene: ; Italian language, Italian and Venetian language, Venetian: ; ; Istro-Romanian language, Istro-Romanian: ; ; ) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at th ...

History, properties and food matching

Roman naturalist

Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 79), known in English as Pliny the Elder ( ), was a Roman Empire, Roman author, Natural history, naturalist, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the Roman emperor, emperor Vesp ...

wrote that puccinum was the favorite of

Augustus Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (), was the founder of the Roman Empire, who reigned as the first Roman emperor from 27 BC until his death in A ...

's wife

Livia Livia Drusilla (30 January 59 BC AD 29) was List of Roman and Byzantine empresses, Roman empress from 27 BC to AD 14 as the wife of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. She was known as Julia Augusta after her formal Adoption ...

.Matkurja - Kraški Teran
accessed 06/29/2011ItalianMad
Vinotizie Volume 10, Number 3
pg 6 December 2004
, in Slovene, accessed 06/29/2011 ''Kraski teran'' is traditionally well paired together with '' pršut'' (prosciutto or dry-cured ham). However, it matches also with other pork dishes, sausages,

pancetta Pancetta () is a Salting (food)#Meat, salt-cured pork belly meat product in a category known as ''Salumi, salume''. In Italy, it is often used to add depth to soups and pasta. (in Italian). Uses For cooking, pancetta is often cut into cubes ( ...

or cooked ham with horseradish (traditional foods of the Karst Plateau and Istria). ''Kraski teran'' should be served at .

Synonyms

Indigenous Terrano wine is produced exclusively from Terrano grapes, a wine under the same name is made of Refosco grapes grown on Terra Rossa, which is the Slovenian-produced ''Kraški teran'', therefore it is often a misnomer when different synonyms may be used: Cagnina (in Emilia-Romagna), Crodarina, Gallizio, Gallizza, Istranin, Istranyun, Istrianka, Istrijanac, Istrijanka, Magnacan, Reffosco, Refosca, Refosco D'Istria, Refosco del Carso, Refosco Magnacan, Refoscone, Refošk, Refošk Istarski and Rifosco.

References

{{Reflist Red wine grape varieties Wine grapes of Croatia Wine grapes of Slovenia Italian wine hr:Teran it:Carso Terrano sl:Kraški teran