Tepui Swift

The tepui swift (''Streptoprocne phelpsi'') is a species of bird in subfamily Cypseloidinae of the swift family Apodidae. It is found in Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela.HBW and BirdLife International (2021) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 6. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v6_Dec21.zip retrieved August 7, 2022

Taxonomy and systematics

What is now the tepui swift was first collected in the 19th century but was not recognized as a separate species until 1972. It was originally assigned to genus ''Cypseloides'' but by the 2000s was reassigned to ''Streptoprocne''. It and the chestnut-collared swift (''C. rutila'') form a superspecies. Its specific epithet honors William H. Phelps Jr.Schulenberg, T. S. and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Tepui Swift (''Streptoprocne phelpsi''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.tepswi1.01 retrieved October 2, 2022Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 July 2022. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved July 24, 2022

The tepui swift is monotypic.

Description

The tepui swift is one of the smaller members of genus ''Streptoprocne''. It is long and weighs about . It has a long deeply notched tail and long broad wings. Adult males' most obvious feature is the wide orange-chestnut collar that encircles the neck and includes the upper breast, chin, throat, and most of the face. The rest of its plumage is sooty black, at times with a few white feathers on the breast below the collar. Adult females are similar to males though some have a paler breast with brown mixed in. Immatures resemble adults with the addition of pale gray edges to the underparts' feathers.

Distribution and habitat

The tepui swift is found in the tepui area where southeastern Venezuela, western Guyana, and far northwestern Brazil meet. One individual has been documented in far northern Venezuela; it is not known if it was a vagrant or a migrant. The species is found in humid montane and lowland forests, montane grasslands, and around cliffs. In elevation it mostly ranges between but has occurred as high as .

Behavior

Movement

The tepui swift is thought to be a year-round resident in its range but reports from elsewhere hint at the possibility that it is migratory.

Feeding

Like all swifts, the tepui is an aerial insectivore, but little is known about the details of its diet. It often feeds in flocks of 10 to 20 or more that sometimes include white-collared swifts (''Streptoprocne zonaris'').

Breeding

The tepui swift's breeding biology is not well known. It apparently nests in the northern hemisphere's late spring and early summer. Few nests have been found; they were on cliffs and in rocky grottos. There is some suggestion that the species nests in colonies.

Vocalization

The tepui swift appears to have two flight calls, "a squeak followed by a trill and short squeals, ''squeek, titititititititi sui, squi, squi...''" and "a slow series of reedy or hissing ''tic'' notes".

Status

The IUCN has assessed the tepui swift as being of Least Concern, though its population size is unknown and believed to be decreasing. No immeditate threats have been identified. It is considered uncommon to fairly common, and " least in the short term, human activity probably has little effect on Tepui Swift, although it may be vulnerable in the long term to deforestation".

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1152180

tepui swift
Birds of Venezuela
tepui swift
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Birds of the Tepuis