Teplyk ( uk, Теплик) is an
urban-type settlement in
Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It formerly served as the administrative center of
Teplyk Raion
Teplyk Raion ( uk, Теплицький район, Romanization of Ukrainian, translit. ''Teplytskyi raion'') was a raion (district) of Vinnytsia Oblast in west-central Ukraine. The administrative center of the district was an urban-type settleme ...
, and is now administered within
Haisyn Raion
Haisyn Raion ( uk, Гайсинський район) is one of the 6 raions of Vinnytsia Oblast, located in southwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the town of Haisyn. Population:
On 18 July 2020, as part of the adminis ...
. Population:
History
The first written mention of Teplik is from the 15th century. Historical records show that the settlement emerged as a fortified border crossing of the
Duchy of Lithuania. Tunnels and caves that were dug in those days still remain. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Teplik was a small town which suffered frequent damage during enemy attacks.
In 1582, Ivan and Andriy Kishki shared ownership of the town and it became the property of the
Ostrogski family. In 1645 Teplik went to Zhabokrytskyi. Then came Samuel Kalinowski, who annexed the land to
Uman.
The population of Teplyk engages mainly in
agriculture and handicrafts: mainly
leatherworking
Leather crafting or simply leathercraft is the practice of making leather into craft objects or works of art, using shaping techniques, coloring techniques or both.
Techniques
Dyeing
The application of pigments carried by solvents or water in ...
,
shoemaking
Shoemaking is the process of making footwear.
Originally, shoes were made one at a time by hand, often by groups of shoemakers, or cobblers (also known as '' cordwainers''). In the 18th century, dozens or even hundreds of masters, journeymen ...
and
smithing. There were also merchants. Historians, researchers, and multiple other sources, explain the origin of the name of Teplyk. The most widespread and ancient belief is that Teplyk got its name from the natural conditions of the region (''warm'' in Ukrainian is теплий – ''tepliy''). This is according to a number of written sources in
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
*Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
and
Russian. Another version of the name origin is that it comes from the small river the village sits on: Teplychka.
There were times when Teplik had a second name – ''Smilhorod''. It is believed that this name came from the courage and resilience of the residence residents who defended their village from enemies and attackers. The ancient settlement of Teplik was small, it occupied only a triangular piece of land formed by the surrounding streams. They merge in the valley 300 meters from the hill on which the center of Teplik sits.
Located at the crossroads of trade routes, Teplik from the 17th to 19th centuries became a significant commercial and manufacturing point. The 300th anniversary of Teplyk was already met in the
Russian Empire.
During
World War II over 600 residents and natives are reported to went to the front. Over 5000 of them reportedly perished and more than 7000 soldiers were later awarded military honors.
During the post-war renewal of the city, new enterprises (particularly specializing in agriculture) built new factory buildings, consumer services, the District Council, the Department of the Interior, a city newspaper, a district print shop, hospital, school, State Tax Inspectorate, Palace of Culture and libraries. Over the past 20 years, more factories and commercial shops have appeared.
External links
The murder of Teplyk Jews in
Yad Vashem website
References
{{Authority control
Urban-type settlements in Haisyn Raion
Podolia Governorate