The Teoloyucan Treaties were signed on August 13, 1914, at

Teoloyucan Teoloyucan is a municipality located in the State of Mexico, Mexico. It's municipal seat and second largest city is the city of Teoloyucan. It lies 45 km (28 mi) north of the Federal District (Distrito Federal) in the northeastern part ...

State of Mexico The State of Mexico ( es, Estado de México; ), officially just Mexico ( es, México), is one of the 32 federal entities of the United Mexican States. Commonly known as Edomex (from ) to distinguish it from the name of the whole country, it is ...

, Mexico between the revolutionary army and forces loyal to

Victoriano Huerta José Victoriano Huerta Márquez (; 22 December 1854 – 13 January 1916) was a general in the Mexican Federal Army and 39th President of Mexico, who came to power by coup against the democratically elected government of Francisco I. Madero wit ...

. The

Constitutionalist Army The Constitutional Army ( es, Ejército constitucionalista; also known as the Constitutionalist Army) was the army that fought against the Federal Army, and later, against the Villistas and Zapatistas during the Mexican Revolution. It was formed ...

of First Chief

Venustiano Carranza José Venustiano Carranza de la Garza (; 29 December 1859 – 21 May 1920) was a Mexican wealthy land owner and politician who was Governor of Coahuila when the constitutionally elected president Francisco I. Madero was overthrown in a February ...

was represented by

Álvaro Obregón Álvaro Obregón Salido (; 17 February 1880 – 17 July 1928) better known as Álvaro Obregón was a Sonoran-born general in the Mexican Revolution. A pragmatic centrist, natural soldier, and able politician, he became the 46th President of Me ...

and

Lucio Blanco Lucio Blanco (July 21, 1879 – June 1922) was a Mexican military officer and revolutionary, noteworthy for his participation in the Mexican Revolution of 1910 to 1920. Biography Lucio Blanco was born on July 21, 1879 in Nadadores, Coahuila. He ...

. The

Federal Army The Mexican Federal Army ( es, Ejército Federal), also known as the Federales in popular culture, was the military of Mexico from 1876 to 1914 during the Porfiriato, the long rule of President Porfirio Díaz, and during the presidencies of Franci ...

was represented by General Gustavo A. Salas and Admiral Othón P. Blanco, while

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

was represented by Eduardo Iturbe. The treaties established the surrender of the Federal Army and its dissolution.

Background

In the middle of July 1914, the Huerta government realized that a revolutionary victory was imminent. On July 15 Huerta resigned the presidency and went into

exile Exile is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons and peoples suf ...

. The new

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

tried to negotiate with the revolutionaries. These negotiations broke down when the revolutionaries demanded the surrender of the

capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

as well as the dissolution of the federal

army An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on ...

.Tratados de Teoloyucan
/ref> In August, due to the victories of

, interim president Francisco S. Carbajal finally offered an unconditional surrender. The entire cabinet went into exile the next day.

Treaty

Accompanied by a Brazilian minister, a French delegate and a U.S. representative, Carbajal went to Teoluyacan and attempted to discuss terms. When this failed, the entire cabinet went into exile. The treaty was signed on August 13. Eduardo Iturbide, governor of Mexico City, and a Huerta sympathizer, signed the surrender of the city. General Gustavo A. Salas and Admiral Othón P. Blanco signed the articles concerning the military. The treaty codified the unconditional surrender of the Federal Army to the Constitutionalist Army, followed by the Federal Army's dissolution. There were no provisions for a general amnesty. Venustiano Carranza refused to allow the continued existence of the Federal Army, the fatal flaw of Madero's regime. Constitutionalist Army general Alvaro Obregón would take control of the city, guaranteeing protection from looting for the population of Mexico City.{{Cite book, title = Mexican Revolution: The Constitutionalist Years, url = https://books.google.com/books?id=rutlAwAAQBAJ, publisher = University of Texas Press, date = 2010-06-28, isbn = 9780292789630, first = Charles C., last = Cumberland Realizing that the Zapatistas were a continuing threat, Obregón allowed Federal soldiers to remain in place in the southern part of Mexico City, closest to Zapata's stronghold in Morelos, until the Constitutionalist Army could take control. Obregón included the texts of the treaties in his war memoir.Obregón, Alvaro, ''Ocho mil kilometros en compaña''. "Actas y tratados de rendición de la ciudad de México y disolución del Ejército federal". vol.1. Mexico: Cien de México 2008, 354-361 After the dissolution of the Federal Army, Carranza issued a decree suppressing the

Military Academy A military academy or service academy is an educational institution which prepares candidates for service in the officer corps. It normally provides education in a military environment, the exact definition depending on the country concerned. ...

. It reopened its doors in 1920 after Carranza's fall. The Constitutionalist Army was the Mexican army until then.

References

1914 in Mexico 1914 in politics Mexican Revolution Treaties of Mexico Mexican documents