Like many of Taiwan's older cities,
Taichung
Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Taiw ...
(founded in 1705) has a large number of old temples and shrines that have historical value and are typical of the eras in which they were built. They include Taoist, Buddhist, and Confucian temples.
Confucian temples
Confucius Temple
Unlike other cities, Taichung lacked a Confucian Temple until very recently. In order to address this deficiency, the municipal government made the decision to construct a temple. With help from the Taiwan Provincial Government as well as local private individuals, construction of the
Taichung Confucian Temple
The Taichung Confucian Temple () is a Confucian temple in North District, Taichung, Taiwan.
History
The construction of the temple began in 1972 and completed in 1976.
Architecture
The temple was constructed in Song Dynasty architectural sty ...
began in earnest in 1974 with the laying of the capstone.
Today the temple is usually a pretty quiet place where people can contemplate, study, and relax. It also serves as a cultural center in the sense that people can take a handful of culture related classes (i.e. calligraphy). However, the place becomes the center of attention on the morning of September 28 every year, as Taiwanese celebrate
Confucius' birthday
Confucius’ Birthday (, Mandarin ), falls on the 25th day of the eighth lunar month of the Chinese calendar. It is officially celebrated on Taiwan as "Teachers' Day" on September 28, and in Hong Kong on the third Sunday of September as "Confucius ...
(officially known as
Teachers' Day
Teachers' Day is a special day for the appreciation of teachers, and may include celebrations to honor them for their special contributions in a particular field area, or the community tone in education. This is the primary reason why countries ce ...
in Taiwan) with performances at the temple.
The main entrance opens into a fairly large open space with trees, a pond, and a walkway lined with hedges that leads to the Great Perfection Gate. The gate itself leads to a larger courtyard inside. Along the perimeter of the courtyard are a series of rooms that are used as offices, classrooms, a library, and a study room where students can be found studying.
In the center of that courtyard is the Great Perfection Hall. The construction employs Song Dynasty designs with patterns also deriving from the Song Dynasties. It includes a shrine to Confucius, though modestly lacks an image of the great sage.
In the rear of the main courtyard is The Sage's Shrine, also known as the Hall of the Sagely Founder. It includes tablets that honor members of Confucius’ family.
The temple is found along Shangshi Road near the Taichung First Senior High School and the National Physical Education University.
Family shrines
Lin Family Ancestral Temple
The Lin Family Ancestral Shrine was first built in what is now
Dali District
Dali District () is an inner city district in Taichung, Taiwan.
Name
The name "Dali" originates from ''Tai-li-khit'' (), where ''Tai-li'' refers to the Hoanya aborigines and ''khit'' refers to a bamboo raft's toon.
History
After the handover ...
(just south of
Taichung City
Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Taiw ...
) during the
Jiaqing era of the
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
(1796–1821). It is considered the most important shrine to people with the surname
Lin
Lin or LIN may refer to:
People
*Lin (surname) (normally ), a Chinese surname
*Lin (surname) (normally 蔺), a Chinese surname
* Lin (''The King of Fighters''), Chinese assassin character
*Lin Chow Bang, character in Fat Pizza
Places
*Lin, Iran, ...
in central
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
. It has moved location several times, arriving at its current location in East District,
Taichung City
Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Taiw ...
in 1930. Currently located just off of Guoguang Road, even though it is just off a main artery of the city, if you are not looking for it, you would never know it was there. You have to find a narrow lane that is largely lain with bricks. It is directly opposite rather nondescript housing and is surrounded by multi-level apartment buildings. It is one of several temples in Taichung City that have been designated a Category 3 Historical Site by the national government of
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
.
The shrine includes stone wall sculptures, wood carvings, and paintings that typify
Fujianese design of the mid-
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
. The outer courtyard has a small brick structure used for burning paper ghost money along with traditional stone guards to protect the sanctity of the temple.
The front entrance has stone carvings on both sides and painting on the doors. The inner courtyard is also made from brick, and one can see the inner shrine from this courtyard. It also includes the traditional drum and bell and has numerous wood carvings and paintings.
The inner shrine is a beautiful example of traditional piety of leading families of that era in Taiwan's history.
Chang-Liao Family Shrine
Commonly known as the Chang-Liao Public Hall, it was erected by the Cheng-Liao clan that originally came from
Zhangzhou
Zhangzhou (), alternately romanized as Changchow, is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, China. The prefecture around the city proper comprises the southeast corner of the province, facing the Taiwan Strait and surrounding the prefec ...
,
Fujian
Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capi ...
,
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
. It was built from 1908 to 1911 during the early years of the
Japanese occupation. Wings and outlying rooms were added in subsequent years, with all work completed by 1916.
There is a hall with right and left wings, a main worship hall and various enclosed spaces. The
woodwork
Woodworking is the skill of making items from wood, and includes cabinet making (cabinetry and furniture), wood carving, joinery, carpentry, and woodturning.
History
Along with stone, clay and animal parts, wood was one of the first materials ...
is finely crafted and painted in traditional
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
styles. What makes this
temple
A temple (from the Latin ) is a building reserved for spiritual rituals and activities such as prayer and sacrifice. Religions which erect temples include Christianity (whose temples are typically called churches), Hinduism (whose temples ...
special is a lion's throne on the roof beams that are designed to ward off evil influences as well as to stabilize the main beams.
Unfortunately, the temple fell into disrepair with age. The Taichung municipal
government
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state.
In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...
launched a
renovation
Renovation (also called remodeling) is the process of improving broken, damaged, or outdated structures. Renovations are typically done on either commercial or residential buildings. Additionally, renovation can refer to making something new, ...
project that commenced in 1988 and was completed in 1994.
Chang (Zhang) Family Shrine
The Chang family ancestral Shrine is located in the area formerly known as Hsiachi Changli (today's XieHe li in the XiTun district). This temple was built by descendants of the Matang Chang family of Shibi village, Ninghua country, Dingzhou prefecture, Fujian province.
The Chang (Zhang) family ancestral shrine is built in the traditional Fujianese architectural style. The famous Zhangzhou master carpenter Chen Ying-shan personally supervised construction of the wood frame portion. The shrine seeks to perfectly blend architectural aesthetics and structural mechanics, and is a very representative structure of its type. Decoration includes carvings, paintings, calligraphy, cutouts, and clay sculpture; the woodcarvings are particularly notable. The wooden frames of the gateway and central hall contain most of the carvings, which feature such techniques as bas-relief, round relief, and openwork.
The red brick walls of the front hall feature Eight Diagram three-sill bamboo node windows. The outer frames of the windows are decorated with brick carvings. The carving technique and the scenes carved are clearly different on the two sides of the temple.
The straight-sill wooden windows in the brick wall of the main hall are simpler in form than those of the front hall. The large wooden beams making up the internal structure mostly use Yigshan wood. Only the right and left galleries and the areas under the front eaves of the two halls are built with carved and painted beams.
The roof is entirely in the Yingshan style, and the roofs of the two halls and the courtyard doorways in the inner and outer wings have up curved "swallowtails." Because roof tiles had begun falling off this shrine, the Taichung city government acted to protect the city's priceless cultural heritage by starting renovation work in February 1996. This work was completed in April 1998 and cost a total of NT$54 million (approximately US$2.0 million).
Class 3
Type: Temple
Announcement date: 11/27/85
Location: 111 Anhe Rd., XiTun Dist.,
Taichung Visitor hours: Please inquire by telephone before visiting.
Buddhist temples
Bao Jue Buddhist Temple
The Bao Jue Buddhist temple is unusual in that it is the only one in the city that also has a Shinto Shrine on its grounds (see below.) It is most famous for the presence of a giant smiling Buddha that can easily be seen from the street despite the presence of a wall separating the grounds from the street. The main temple itself is undergoing renovation. There are also two other buildings on the grounds that are used for various community-oriented activities.
Tzu-shan Buddhist Temple
The Tzu-shan Buddhist Temple was constructed shortly after the end of the Japanese occupation in the 1950s. It is a temple/monastery with a small number of resident Buddhist monks and nuns. The entrance to the complex has an elephant on either side.
Once inside, there is a courtyard with the main temple on the right side with lions guarding the entrance to the temple. Inside the temple is a gold Buddha statue sitting in the lotus position. There are also hundreds of smaller figurines lining the walls of the shrine.
The back area of the courtyard has a small pavilion with greenery behind it. Within that greenery is another courtyard where you may see monks and/or nuns meditating, studying, or simply relaxing. Within that courtyard, there is another opening to a green area with a statue of the Guanyin Bodhisattva. The monastery area behind the second courtyard has residences for the monks and nuns in residence.
The temple is in an out of the way area in Beitun District on a small road near Changping Road.
Taoist temples
Wen Chang Temple
Wen Chang Temple is located in what is today Beitun District in northern Taichung City. The location of the temple is the heart of what was once known as An Li village, populated by the Pazea Pingpu Aboriginal tribe. Chinese exploration of this area dates back to the late years of the reign of the
Kangxi Emperor
The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654– 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to 1 ...
(1723–1735).
By the end of the eighteenth century,
Minnan (Hokkien) settlers created wenwei (learning groups) communities. After some time, in 1863, they decided to construct this temple to cultivate local learning talents.
After entering a modest gate on the modern roadside of Changping Road, one finds oneself in a courtyard looking at a broader gate. The gate has several wooden carvings on either side of the entrances that lead into another courtyard. From that second courtyard, one can see the main shrine to Wenchang Tichun.
A two-year renovation project led by a team from
Tunghai University
Tunghai University (THU; ) is the oldest private university in Taiwan, established in 1955. It was founded by the United Board for Christian Higher Education in Asia (UBCHEA). It is located in Xitun District, Taichung, Taiwan. According to ''Tim ...
restored the temple from 1996 to 1998, but the
1999 Jiji earthquake
The Chi-Chi earthquake (later also known as the Jiji earthquake) (), also known as the great earthquake of September 21 (), was a 7.3 ML or 7.7 Mw earthquake which occurred in Jiji (Chi-Chi), Nantou County, Taiwan on Tuesday, 21 Se ...
caused several cracks to appear in the structure. Repairs took place from 2002 to 2004.
Yuanbao Temple
The Yuanbao Temple itself is relatively small. Just outside the temple, an old tree stands beside the main gate. The gate itself has an intricate design on the top. Inside the small courtyard is a wrought iron
Joss paper
Joss paper, also known as incense papers, are papercrafts or sheets of paper made into burnt offerings common in Chinese ancestral worship (such as the veneration of the deceased family members and relatives on holidays and special occasions). Wo ...
furnace. The entrance to the temple itself has more traditional multicolored wood carvings.
Behind the temple itself is a multi-storied building that belongs to the temple and is called the Dadao Public Temple. However, there is no aesthetic architectural or artistic quality to the building.
Nantian Temple
The Nantian Temple is one of the most distinguishable temples in Taichung due to the presence of a large red representation of the spirit
Guan Gong
Guan Yu (; ), courtesy name Yunchang, was a Chinese military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. Along with Zhang Fei, he shared a brotherly relationship with Liu Bei and accompanied him on ...
that figures prominently above the temple and can be seen from at least a kilometer away.
While this temple is currently located on Ziyou Road near the Hanxi River and Lecheng Temple, it was originally built on Dacheng Street in North District in 1949 and it received the moniker Nantian Temple in 1950, with construction being completed in 1952. The spirit on the roof was constructed in 1984.
The interior of the temple not only includes a
Taoist
Taoism (, ) or Daoism () refers to either a school of philosophical thought (道家; ''daojia'') or to a religion (道教; ''daojiao''), both of which share ideas and concepts of Chinese origin and emphasize living in harmony with the ''Tao'' ...
shrine dedicated to Guangong, but one of the side rooms also has a shrine dedicated to
Confucius
Confucius ( ; zh, s=, p=Kǒng Fūzǐ, "Master Kǒng"; or commonly zh, s=, p=Kǒngzǐ, labels=no; – ) was a Chinese philosopher and politician of the Spring and Autumn period who is traditionally considered the paragon of Chinese sages. C ...
.
Mazu temples
Dajia Jenn Lann Temple
Dajia Jenn Lann Temple is known for being the center of the largest annual religious procession in Taiwan, the annual Mazu pilgrimage in which practitioners travel across the island bearing an effigy of Mazu.
[. ]
Leh Cherng Temple
![Taichung Le Cheng Matsu Temple](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Taichung_Le_Cheng_Matsu_Temple.JPG)
The Leh Cherng
[. ] or Lecheng Temple,
[. & ] also known as the Heihsi Matsu Temple, the temporary temple that was initially authorized by the Meichou
Matsu temple in
Fujian Province
Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its cap ...
,
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
was constructed early in the
Qianlong era
The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, born Hongli, was the fifth Emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1735 t ...
(1735–1796) of the
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
. However, it was not long before the original structure was inadequate to accommodate the large number of worshippers. Thus, another temple was built on the current site near Hanxi Village, in what is now the East District of
Taichung City
Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Taiw ...
in 1791. Restoration work was performed on the temple in 1928 and 1963. Thus, now only will you see examples of Qing dynasty architecture, you will also see more modern forms as a result of the restoration and additions that took place during the Japanese colonial era as well as the Chinese KMT era. This two-storey structure is among the largest and most ornate temples in Taichung. To the left of the main temple structure is an incense burner where ghost money can be burned for the deceased, which was built in 1828. The interior of the temple includes numerous shrines to various “spirits” with intricate, complex designs. The complex roofs are constructed in a traditional Chinese style and include numerous wood carvings, including dragons, lions, as well as sculptures of people. Opposite the main temple is also a gallery where there are small vendors today. In the courtyard in front of the temple is a pair of green stone lions, indicating the antiquity of the temple. Lecheng Temple has been declared a category three historical site by
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
’s national government. It is very busy during national holidays and as well as the first and fifteenth days of each lunar month. It is located on Hanxi Street near the Han River in eastern Taichung.
Image:Taichung Lecheng 2.jpg , Marker showing the temple as a Category 3 National Historical Site
Image:Taichung Lecheng 4.jpg , Dragon wood carving
Image:Taichung Lecheng 1.jpg , Intricate roof carvings
Wanhe Temple
The Wanhe Temple
[ is situated in the heart historic Nantun Village, currently within the boundaries of ]Nantun District
Nantun District () is an urban district in Taichung, Taiwan. It was a part of Taichung before the City and County were amalgamated in 2010.
History
The district used to be part of Taichung provincial city before the merger with Taichung County ...
in Taichung
Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Taiw ...
. It was completed in 1726, forty-two years after the Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
conquered most of western Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
. Like many of the oldest temples in Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
, it is in thanks to the spirit Mazu
Mazu or Matsu is a Chinese sea goddess also known by several other names and titles. She is the deified form of the legendary figure Lin Mo or Lin Moniang, a Fujianese shamaness whose life span is traditionally dated from 960 to 987. Re ...
.
The main entrance to the temple is flanked on either side by two smaller entrances. Wood carvings of various designs adorn the traditional roof structures over the entrances to the temple. The interior has a number of shrines dedicated to Mazu
Mazu or Matsu is a Chinese sea goddess also known by several other names and titles. She is the deified form of the legendary figure Lin Mo or Lin Moniang, a Fujianese shamaness whose life span is traditionally dated from 960 to 987. Re ...
that were constructed over the course of the next century and a half.
This is a very busy temple on holidays as people go to pray and dedicate themselves to Mazu
Mazu or Matsu is a Chinese sea goddess also known by several other names and titles. She is the deified form of the legendary figure Lin Mo or Lin Moniang, a Fujianese shamaness whose life span is traditionally dated from 960 to 987. Re ...
and their ancestors. It is located in the heart of one of the major traditional population centers of modern Taichung
Taichung (, Wade–Giles: ''Tʻai²-chung¹'', pinyin: ''Táizhōng''), officially Taichung City, is a special municipality located in central Taiwan. Taichung has approximately 2.8 million residents and is the second most populous city of Taiw ...
.
Haotian Temple
Dazhuang Haotian Temple (Chinese: 大庄浩天宮; pinyin: Dàzhuāng Hàotiān Gōng) is a temple located in Dazhuang, Wuqi District, Taichung.
References
External links
{{Commons category, Temples in Taichung
Ah-Taiwan: Life in Formosa
nbsp; – Baojue Temple information