The Temagami Land Caution was a

territorial dispute A territorial dispute or boundary dispute is a disagreement over the possession or control of land between two or more political entities. Context and definitions Territorial disputes are often related to the possession of natural resources s ...

in the

Temagami Temagami, formerly spelled as Timagami, is a municipality in northeastern Ontario, Canada, in the Nipissing District with Lake Temagami at its heart. The Temagami region is known as ''n'Daki Menan'', the homeland of the area's First Nations c ...

area of

Northeastern Ontario Northeastern Ontario is a secondary region of Northern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario, which lies north of Lake Huron and east of Lake Superior. Northeastern Ontario consists of the districts of Algoma, Sudbury, Cochrane, Timiskami ...

, Canada. In 1877, deputy chief ()

Ignace Tonené Ignace Tonené (1840/1841 – 1916), also known as Nias and Maiagizis, was a Hudson's Bay Company employee, a fur trader, a gold prospector, and the chief of the Teme-Augama Anishnabai community. Tonené was the elected deputy chief before being ...

filed a land claim concerning the Temagami region with the

Parry Sound Parry Sound is a sound or bay of Georgian Bay on Lake Huron, in Ontario, Canada. It is highly irregularly shaped with many deep bays and islands. Killbear Provincial Park is located on the large peninsula that separates the sound from Georgian B ...

federal

Indian Agent In United States history, an Indian agent was an individual authorized to interact with American Indian tribes on behalf of the government. Background The federal regulation of Indian affairs in the United States first included development of t ...

. The modern land claim was filed with land title offices in August 1973 by Gary Potts, then Chief of the

Teme-Augama Anishnabai The Teme-Augama Anishnabai (from the Anishinaabe ''Dimii'aagamaa Anishinaabe'', "the deep water people") is the Indigenous Anishinaabe community of the Temagami First Nation. The Teme-Augama Anishnabai have trapped and hunted animals in the Temag ...

Indigenous Indigenous may refer to: *Indigenous peoples *Indigenous (ecology), presence in a region as the result of only natural processes, with no human intervention *Indigenous (band), an American blues-rock band *Indigenous (horse), a Hong Kong racehorse ...

Nation. The caution was intended as a way of maintaining of land that they claimed as "n'Daki Menan", meaning "Our Land". Existing throughout much of the 1970s and 1980s, it effectively prevented all types of development on Crown land, such as

mining Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic ...

. Crown land sales were also prohibited due to the Temagami Land Caution. In 1988,

Vince Kerrio Vincent George Kerrio (February 5, 1924 – October 30, 2009) was a businessperson and politician in Ontario, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal from 1975 to 1990, and was a cabinet minister in the governmen ...

approved the expansion of

Red Squirrel Road Red Squirrel Road, also called the Red Squirrel logging road and formerly called the Johns-Manville Road, is a logging road located within the Municipality of Temagami, Nipissing District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It runs from Whitefish Ba ...

directly through the Temagami Land Caution. This prompted a series of roadblocks by the Teme-Augama Anishnabai and by environmentalists in 1988-1989. In 1991, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that the Teme-Augama Anishnabai gave up rights to the land via the 1850

Robinson Treaty The Robinson Treaties are two treaties signed between the Ojibwa chiefs and The Crown in 1850 in the Province of Canada. The first treaty involved Ojibwa chiefs along the north shore of Lake Superior, and is known as the Robinson Superior Treaty. ...

despite the Tema-Augama Anishnabai claiming that they never signed or consented to the treaty. The Temagami Land Caution was lifted in 1995 as a result of a court order by the Supreme Court of Canada.

References

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External links

Blockades of Red Squirrel logging Road in 1988-1989 by Teme-Augama Anishnabai (Temagami First Nation)
History of Temagami Territorial disputes of Canada First Nations history in Ontario Aboriginal title in Canada