Telecommunications in

Bahrain Bahrain ( ; ; ar, البحرين, al-Bahrayn, locally ), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, ' is an island country in Western Asia. It is situated on the Persian Gulf, and comprises a small archipelago made up of 50 natural islands and an ...

are provided by the Bahrain Telecommunications Company, trading as

Batelco BTC is the primary telecommunications provider for the Bahamas, headquartered in Nassau, New Providence. It is partly government owned and offers telephone, internet and wireless services. BTC is an initialism for the Bahamas Telecommunications ...

, as well as other companies such as Zain and

Stc Bahrain stc Bahrain (previously VIVA Bahrain) is a telecommunications company based in Bahrain. It is owned by the Saudi Telecom Company (stc Group) and started its commercial service in March 2010. It is headquartered in Manama, Bahrain. History On ...

. Prior to 1981 telecommunications services were provided by two separate departments: national services were provided by the Bahrain Telephone Company and international services by Cable & Wireless of the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

. These were combined in 1981 to form Batelco. Since then, other telecommunications companies have entered the market.

History

When Batelco was founded in 1981, Bahrain had 45,627 telephone lines in use. By 1982, the number reached 50,000. In 1985, the country's first fibre optic cable was installed. Batelco was a

monopoly A monopoly (from Greek el, μόνος, mónos, single, alone, label=none and el, πωλεῖν, pōleîn, to sell, label=none), as described by Irving Fisher, is a market with the "absence of competition", creating a situation where a speci ...

in the telecommunications sector until 2003. By 1999, the company had around 100,000 mobile contracts. In 2002, under pressure from international bodies, Bahrain implemented its telecommunications law which included the establishment of an independent Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA). In 2003, Batelco's monopoly over the sector ended when the TRA awarded a licence to

MTC Vodafone Mobile Telecommunications Company K.S.C.P. (doing business as Zain), is a Kuwaiti mobile telecommunications company founded in 1983 in Kuwait as MTC (Mobile Telecommunications Company), and later rebranded as Zain in 2007. Zain has a commercial ...

, which later re-branded itself as Zain. In January 2010, Viva Bahrain, which later re-branded into

(a subsidiary of STC) started operations in Bahrain.

Telephonic services

In 2006, there were 194,200 telephones main lines in Bahrain. :''county comparison to the world:'' 124 In 2007, there were 1,116,000 mobile cellular contracts in Bahrain. :''county comparison to the world:'' 132 Telephone system: *''general assessment:'' modern system *''domestic:'' modern

fiber-optic An optical fiber, or optical fibre in Commonwealth English, is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Optical fibers are used most often as a means t ...

integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile cellular telephones * ''international:'' country code - 973; landing point for the Fire-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG)

submarine cable Submarine cable is any electrical cable that is laid on the seabed, although the term is often extended to encompass cables laid on the bottom of large freshwater bodies of water. Examples include: *Submarine communications cable *Submarine power ...

network that provides links to Asia, Middle East, Europe, and US; tropospheric scatter to Qatar and UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; satellite earth station - 1 (2007)

Broadcast radio

Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Broadcast television

Television Television, sometimes shortened to TV, is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. The term can refer to a television set, or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertisin ...

broadcast stations: 4 (1997)

Internet service

Internet country code A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all t ...

: .bh Internet hosts: 2,621 (2008) :''country comparison to the world:'' 135 Internet users: 250,000 (2007) :''country comparison to the world:'' 124

References