A tekhnikum (russian: техникум) is a type of
vocational school
A vocational school is a type of educational institution, which, depending on the country, may refer to either secondary or post-secondary education designed to provide vocational education or technical skills required to complete the tasks ...
in the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
, the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
, as well as in modern
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
,
Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
and some other
post-Soviet states
The post-Soviet states, also known as the former Soviet Union (FSU), the former Soviet Republics and in Russia as the near abroad (russian: links=no, ближнее зарубежье, blizhneye zarubezhye), are the 15 sovereign states that wer ...
.
The term was borrowed from 19th-century German education, where these kinds of school were called ''
Technicum''.
In modern Russia many tekhnikums were renamed into "technical college", "technological college", "technical
liceum
The lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies among countries; usually it is a type of secondary school. Generally in that type of school the ...
", etc.
See also
*
Professional technical school
A professional is a member of a profession or any person who works in a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skil ...
*
Technikum (Polish education) Technikum is an institute of vocational education in some parts of Europe.
It is a mass-education institution of "special middle education" category 1 step higher than PTU, but aimed to train low and middle level (depending on profile) industrial ...
*
Technicum (German education)
In 19th century German education, ''Technicum'' was a lower grade of vocational schools (lower than the polytechnical institute), with training of 2.5–4 years.
This term was borrowed in Poland ( Technikum) and in Russia (Tekhnikum A tekhnikum ...
*
Technikon A technikon was a post-secondary institute of technology (polytech) in South Africa.
It focused on career-oriented vocational training.
There were 15 technikons in the 1990s, but they were merged or restructured as universities (especially universi ...
, South Africa
References
{{reflist
Education in Russia
Education in Ukraine
Education in Belarus
Education in Lithuania
School types
Vocational education in the Soviet Union