Te Huhuti was a

Māori Māori or Maori can refer to: Relating to the Māori people * Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group * Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand * Māori culture * Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the C ...

chieftainess of

Ngāti Kahungunu Ngāti Kahungunu is a Māori iwi located along the eastern coast of the North Island of New Zealand. The iwi is traditionally centred in the Hawke's Bay and Wairārapa regions. The tribe is organised into six geographical and administrative di ...

from the Hawke’s Bay region of New Zealand and an ancestor of the

Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti, Ngāti Te Whatu-i-āpiti or Ngāi Te Whatuiāpiti is a Māori hapū (subtribe or branch) of the Ngāti Kahungunu iwi in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. The hapū were descended from Te Whatuiāpiti, who was a great-grandson of ...

hapū. She probably lived in the late 17th century. Te Huhuti’s family, Te Hika a Ruarauhanga, was locked in a multi-generational feud with her cousins Te Hika a Pāpāuma. However, Te Huhuti fell in love with

Te Whatuiāpiti Te Whatuiāpiti was a Māori people, Māori ''rangatira'' (chieftain) of Ngāti Kahungunu from the Hawke’s Bay region of New Zealand and the ancestor of the Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti hapū. He probably lived in the late 17th century. As a member of ...

the leading rangatira of Te Hika a Pāpāuma, snuck away from her home, and swam across Lake Rotoatara in order to marry him. This brought the feud between the two lines to an end and is considered to be one of the great traditional Māori love stories.

Life

Te Huhuti was the daughter of Te Rangitaumaha and Hineiao. Through both her parents, she was a descendant of

Rākei-hikuroa Rākei-hikuroa was a ''rangatira'' (chieftain) of Ngāti Kahungunu, who may have lived in the fifteenth century. His efforts to establish his son Tūpurupuru as ''upoko ariki'' (paramount chief) of Ngāti Kahungunu led to a conflict with his br ...

by his wife Ruarauhanga; Kahungunu; Tamatea, the captain of the '' Tākitimu'' canoe; and the early explorer Toi. She had three sisters – Ruatiti, Manuitiatoi, and Parengenge – and four brothers – Taraia, Hinehore, Hikateko, and Kaiaotea. After Rākei-hikuroa's death, an enduring feud developed between the descendants of Ruarauhanga (Te Hika a Ruarauhanga) and the descendants of one of his other wives, Pāpāuma (Te Hika a Pāpāuma).

Te Whatuiāpiti’s attack

Te Huhuti’s father, Te Rangitaumaha split his time between Oueroa and Parehemanihi, near Ōmahu. He took a number of members of Te Hika a Pāpāuma prisoner at Parehemanihi and planned to eat them. In revenge, Te Whatuiāpiti, the leading rangatira of Te Hika a Pāpāuma attacked Parehemanihi and fought with great prowess. Te Huhuti was watching the battle from the ramparts and was instantly taken with him. When Te Whatuiāpiti caught sight of her, he was struck by her beauty in turn, so he immediately ended the battle and made peace, even though he had been on the verge of victory. He was invited into the village for dinner and there he secretly slept with Te Huhuti and told her to come to him at Rotoatara.

Te Huhuti’s journey

There are a number of accounts of Te Huhuti’s journey to Lake Rotoatara. All accounts agree that Te Huhuti arrived at the lake late in the evening and found that there was no way to get to the island where Te Whatuiāpiti’s village was located, that Te Huhuti therefore swam naked across the lake, and managed to rendezvous with Te Whatuiāpiti, but they differ on the details. According to one account, Te Huhuti swam across to the island, where she hid in the rushes hoping for Te Whatuiāpiti to come down to the shore. When one of Te Whatuiāpiti’s slaves came down to get water, she smashed his calabash. He fetched another and she smashed that too, so the slave told Te Whatuiāpiti, who realised that the mysterious woman was Te Huhuti. He brought her into his house and the two were married. In the morning, Te Whatuiāpiti announced the marriage by climbing up on top of his house and shouting out “Who was able to overcome Rotoatara but Te Huhuti?” In another version, Huhuti swam across the lake in the dark, guided by a love song played by Te Whatuiāpiti on his pūtōrino flute, called Te Aometikirangi, and she then went straight to his house. Most versions of the story say that Te Whatuiāpiti’s mother, Hinetemoa, found out about the wedding the morning after and was furious, because her relatives had been killed by Te Rangitaumaha. In one version, she came running into the house after hearing the news, waving a pounamu axe, intending to murder Te Huhuti. In the oldest published version of the story, however, Te Huhuti meets Hinetemoa at the shore and persuades her to take her to Te Whatuiāpiti. All versions agree the Hinetemoa said, “Sitting there like a statue (''teko'')! Sitting there naked/like an idiot/like an eel changing its skin (''hore'')! I have a mind to strike you down (''taraitia'') with my greenstone axe!” But then she said, “My anger is over. I am very sad and in pain of heart over this marriage. But now we will make peace.” The marriage ended the feud between Te Hika a Pāpāuma and Te Hika a Ruarauhanga. The story is considered one of the great Māori romances and has been compared to the more famous tale of

Hinemoa and Tūtānekai __NOTOC__ Mokoia Island is located in Lake Rotorua in New Zealand. It has an area of 1.35 square kilometres. The uninhabited island is a rhyolite lava dome, rising to 180 metres above the lake surface. It was formed after the Rotorua caldera col ...

. It is commemorated by a traditional song of Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti, which is recorded by John Te Herekiekie Grace:

Te Rangitaumaha’s gift

When Te Huhuti gave birth to her first child, her father Te Rangitaumaha came to Rotoatara in order to perform the ''tohi'' baptismal ritual and named the child Wawahanga. He brought a gift of shellfish and eels from Lake Oingo and Lake Runanga, but Te Huhuti was dismayed at the small size of the gift, so Te Rangitaumaha gifted Te Huhuti her “elders and brothers” as servants of Wawahanga. Sources differ as to whether this meant her elder brothers, Hinehore, Hikateko, and Taraia (the

Ngāti Hineiao Iwi () are the largest social units in New Zealand Māori society. In Māori roughly means "people" or "nation", and is often translated as "tribe", or "a confederation of tribes". The word is both singular and plural in the Māori language, an ...

hapū) or the Ngāpuhi,

Ngāti Ngāwera Iwi () are the largest social units in New Zealand Māori society. In Māori roughly means "people" or "nation", and is often translated as "tribe", or "a confederation of tribes". The word is both singular and plural in the Māori language, an ...

, Ngāti Te Ao hapū. Different sources strongly disagree about whether Te Rangitaumaha also gifted large areas of land in the Heretaunga region to Wawahanga. These questions were material to a hearing of the Māori Land Court on claims to the region around Ōmahu in 1889.

Family

Te Huhuti had three sons and a daughter with Te Whatuiāpiti: * Te Wawahanga, who married Te Aopatuwhare, but became sick and died while she was pregnant: :* Te Rangikawhiua *

Te Hikawera Te Hikawera was a ''rangatira'' (chieftain) of the Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti hapū of Ngāti Kahungunu, around the late seventeenth century. He maintained pā sites at Oueroa, Manahuna, and Kaimata, from which he exercised authority over the whole of ...

* Mihikitekapua (daughter) * Keke

Sources

The story of Te Huhuti’s journey was first recorded in George Grey’s ''Polynesian Mythology'' of 1854. H. J. Fletcher published another version in 1926, which he received from Hoeta Te Hata of Ngāti Tūwharetoa, a descendant of Te Whatuiāpiti and Te Huhuti. gives the line of descent as: Te Whatuiāpiti and Te Huhuti – Hikawera and Te Uira-i-waho – Wakapakani and Rurua-rau – Taura and Mounga – Hikiora and Taha – Te Awhina and Tama-i-whakarukerukea – Kiritai and Haimona Pita – Hoeta Te Hata (born ca. 1840). A similar version is given by John Te Herekiekie Grace. Ngāti Kahungunu traditions are briefly summarised by Patrick Parsons in a 1997 report to the

Waitangi Tribunal The Waitangi Tribunal (Māori: ''Te Rōpū Whakamana i te Tiriti o Waitangi'') is a New Zealand permanent commission of inquiry established under the Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975. It is charged with investigating and making recommendations on cla ...

on Māori traditional claims to the Ahuriri area. Parsons also reports the story about Wawahanga’s baptism, drawing on nineteenth century testimony delivered before the Māori Land Court.

References

Bibliography

* * * * {{cite book , last1=Parsons , first1=Patrick , title=WAI 400: The Ahuriri Block: Maori Cusomary Interests , date=1997 , url=https://forms.justice.govt.nz/search/Documents/WT/wt_DOC_93957025/Wai%20201%2C%20R008.pdf , access-date=10 July 2022 Ngāti Kahungunu people New Zealand Māori women 17th-century Māori tribal leaders