Tashkent State, or simply Tashkent was an independent historical

secession Secession is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Some of the most famous and significant secessions have been: the former Soviet republics le ...

ist state in Central Asia, which constituted nowadays

Tashkent Region Tashkent Region ( uz, Toshkent viloyati, Тошкент вилояти, russian: Ташкентская область) is a viloyat (region) of Uzbekistan, located in the northeastern part of the country, between the Syr Darya River and the Tien ...

as well as

South Kazakhstan Region Turkistan Region (), formerly South Kazakhstan Region ( kk, Оңтүстік Қазақстан облысы, translit= Oñtüstık Qazaqstan oblysy) (russian: Южно-Казахстанская область, ') from 1992–2018 and Chimkent ...

. It was declared in 1784 and ceased to exist in 1808, after being occupied by the

Kokand Khanate The Khanate of Kokand ( fa, ; ''Khānneshin-e Khoqand'', chg, ''Khoqand Khānligi'') was a Central Asian polity in the Fergana Valley centred on the city of Kokand between 1709 and 1876. Its territory is today divided between Uzbekistan, Kyr ...

. The capital of the country was

Tashkent Tashkent (, uz, Toshkent, Тошкент/, ) (from russian: Ташкент), or Toshkent (; ), also historically known as Chach is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of ...

History

Background

In the middle of the 18th century, a troubled period occurred in the history of

, when the city was at the crossroads of the interests of the

Kalmyk Khanate The Kalmyk Khanate ( xal-RU, Хальмг хана улс, ''Xal'mg xana uls'') was an Oirat khanate on the Eurasian steppe. It extended over modern Kalmykia and surrounding areas in the North Caucasus, including Stavropol and Astrakhan. During ...

Kazakh Khanate The Kazakh Khanate ( kk, Қазақ Хандығы, , ), in eastern sources known as Ulus of the Kazakhs, Ulus of Jochi, Yurt of Urus, was a Kazakh state in Central Asia, successor of the Golden Horde existing from the 15th to 19th century, ...

, and, to a lesser extent,

Emirate of Bukhara The Emirate of Bukhara ( fa, , Amārat-e Bokhārā, chg, , Bukhārā Amirligi) was a Muslim polity in Central Asia that existed from 1785 to 1920 in what is modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan. It occupied the lan ...

. The city repeatedly passed from one ruler to another. In addition, there was an internecine war between four parts of the city – the ''Kukcha'', ''Sibzar'', ''Sheykhantaur'' and ''Beshagach''. The head of each of them – hakim - sought to subdue other regions. By the 1780s, lengthy and bloody strife became intolerable. Many people of Tashkent voted for the creation of a single independent state, which would have a beneficial effect on trade and handicraft. At the same time, the Sheykhantaur hakim died, transferring the power to his son, Yunus Khoja.

Yunus Khoja's reign

In 1784, the rivalry of the four parts of Tashkent resulted in an armed clash. The battle took place near a city bazaar, in a ravine, along which flows the Bozsu channel. This section of the channel became known as "Djangob" – "stream of battle". The victory was won by Yunus Khoja, and the ''

posad A posad (russian: посад, uk, посад) was a historical type of settlement in East Slavic lands since the Ancient Rus, often surrounded by ramparts and a moat, adjoining a town or a kremlin, but outside of it, or adjoining a monastery ...

'' recognized his authority over the whole city. As a residence, the ruler chose a fortress that stood on the dais on the bank of the Chorsu aryk (later this area has been named ''Karatash''). The Institute of the Four Hakims (Charkhakim) was abolished, although the division into the was preserved.

References

History of Tashkent {{Uzbekistan-hist-stub