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Tanjung Priok is a
district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
of North Jakarta,
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
. It hosts the western part of the city's main
harbor A harbor (American English), harbour (British English; see spelling differences), or haven is a sheltered body of water where ships, boats, and barges can be docked. The term ''harbor'' is often used interchangeably with ''port'', which is a ...
, the
Port of Tanjung Priok A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Ha ...
(located in Tanjung Priok District and Koja District). The district of Tanjung Priok is bounded by Laksamana Yos Sudarso Tollway and
Sunter River The Sunter River or ''Kali Sunter'' is a river that flows in the eastern part of Jakarta, Indonesia. The river is about 37 km long and has 73,184,092 m2 of river basin. Neighborhoods along the Kali Sunter are very densely populated and prone ...
canal to the east, by Kali Japat, Kali Ancol, and the former
Kemayoran Airport Kemayoran Airport also spelled Kemajoran Airport, was the principal airport for Jakarta, Indonesia, from 8 July 1940 until 31 March 1985, when it was replaced by Soekarno–Hatta International Airport. During World War II it was used by the Roy ...
to the southwest, by Sunter Jaya Road and Sunter Kemayoran Road to the south, and by Jakarta Bay to the north.


History

Before human development, the coastal area of what is now Tanjung Priok was an area of
brackish water Brackish water, sometimes termed brack water, is water occurring in a natural environment that has more salinity than freshwater, but not as much as seawater. It may result from mixing seawater (salt water) and fresh water together, as in estua ...
with swamp and
mangrove A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows in coastal saline water, saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves are taxonomically diverse, as a result of convergent evoluti ...
forest.


The old harbor of Jakarta

During the colonial era,
Batavia Batavia may refer to: Historical places * Batavia (region), a land inhabited by the Batavian people during the Roman Empire, today part of the Netherlands * Batavia, Dutch East Indies, present-day Jakarta, the former capital of the Dutch East In ...
at first relied on the
Sunda Kelapa Sunda Kelapa ( su, , Sunda Kalapa) is the old port of Jakarta located on the estuarine of Ciliwung River. "Sunda Kalapa" (Sundanese language, Sundanese: "Coconut of Sunda") is the original name, and it was the main port of the Sunda Kingdom. The ...
harbor area. This meant that Batavia had a harbor system like many others cities. I.e. an anchorage at sea at some distance from the city, and a city harbor where smaller ships could attach to a quay. It meant that big ships like the Dutch East Indiamen and later ships safely anchored at some distance from Batavia, at what was called the 'harbor' of Batavia. Passengers and cargo then had to be trans-loaded on smaller ships, that would actually land these on one of the quays of Batavia. The 'outer harbor' situation of Batavia became problematic when the natural harbor of Singapore became a competitor. In Singapore ocean-going ships could directly attach to a quay. The effect was that for many Dutch East-Indian commodities, it was cheaper to ship via the more distant harbor of Singapore. (At Batavia, a sea going ship from e.g. Surabaya, would have to unload its cargo into boats that sailed to a quay in Batavia proper. Later these boats would have to be used again to load the cargo into a ship to the Netherlands. The same ship could sail to Singapore, and directly unload at a quay. This eliminated the step to transload on boats.)


Plans for the new harbor

The goal of the Tanjung Priok harbor plans was to create a harbor where ocean-going ships could attach to a quay. The increased traffic which resulted from the opening of the
Suez Canal The Suez Canal ( arz, قَنَاةُ ٱلسُّوَيْسِ, ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia. The long canal is a popular ...
contributed to these plans, but the rationale centered on eliminating the need for trans-loading. The effect would be that commodities produced in the Dutch East Indies could be brought to the Batavia warehouses more cheaply. This would put Batavia, and Dutch ships at a more equal foot to Singapore and English ships. In turn, scale effects, i.e. regular supply of cargo, would further redress the balance for Dutch shipping.


Construction of Tanjung Priok harbor

The construction of the new harbor was started in 1877 by
Governor General Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge (16 November 1830 – 17 December 1903) was a Dutch diplomat and entomologist. Lansberge studied at the Gymnasium (school), gymnasium in Zutphen then, from 1848–1854, at the University of Leiden. He held various dip ...
(1875–1881). The new harbor was named Tandjong Priok. The construction of the harbor was a major project. Several facilities were built to support the function of the new harbor. Repair facilities were provided by Tanjung Priok Dock of 4,000 tons. A railway connection was established by building Tanjung Priuk Station (1914) and connecting it to the existing rail network.


Spelling

Tanjung Priok is variously spelled in history as "Tandjong Priok", "Tandjoeng Priok" or "Tanjon Preeq".


Riots

Tanjung Priok was the site of a widely publicized incident on September 12, 1984, when army forces fired on a group of
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
protesters. The protesters were demonstrating against proposed government regulations that would require all formal organisations in the country to adopt Pancasila as their ideology. There were conflicting reports about the total death toll, but most sources indicate that several hundred protesters were killed. After the fall of
Suharto Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto ...
the case was taken up again, and in 2003 fourteen people, among them a former commander of the
Kopassus The Kopassus ( id, Komando Pasukan Khusus, Special Forces Command) is an Indonesian Army (TNI-AD) special forces group that conducts special operations missions for the Indonesian government, such as direct action, unconventional warfare, sa ...
special forces Special forces and special operations forces (SOF) are military units trained to conduct special operations. NATO has defined special operations as "military activities conducted by specially designated, organized, selected, trained and equip ...
unit, were named as suspects in the 1984 killings.


Kelurahan (urban villages)

The district of Tanjung Priok is divided into seven ''kelurahan'' ( urban villages): *Tanjung Priok - area code 14310 *Kebon Bawang - area code 14320 *Sungai Bambu - area code 14330 *
Papanggo Papanggo is one of seven administrative villages (''kelurahan'' in Indonesian language, Indonesian) in Tanjung Priok subdistrict, North Jakarta. The borders of Papanggo are: * Warakas administrative village in the north * Sungai Bambu administrati ...
- area code 14340 *
Warakas Warakas is administrative village (''kelurahan'' in Indonesian language, Indonesian) at Tanjung Priok subdistrict, North Jakarta. The border of Papanggo are : * Tanjung Priok administrative village in the north * Papanggo administrative village in ...
- area code 14340 * Sunter Agung - area code 14350 * Sunter Jaya - area code 14350


Important places

*
Port of Tanjung Priok A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Ha ...
*
Tanjung Priuk railway station Tanjung Priuk Station (TPK), is a railway station in Tanjung Priok, Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. It is located across the Tanjung Priok Port, which is the main port of Jakarta. This station is one of the oldest in Jakarta and the biggest stati ...
(1914) *
Jakarta International Stadium Jakarta International Stadium () is a retractable roof football stadium in Tanjung Priok, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is the home ground of Persija Jakarta after moving from their current stadium, Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, and the occasional home o ...
On November 20, 2011, the Jakarta administration inaugurated the city's first railways tourism package aimed at attracting more tourists and reducing traffic congestion from
Gambir railway station Gambir Train Station ( id, Stasiun Gambir, station code: GMR) is a major railway station in Gambir, Gambir, Central Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The station is located on the eastern side of Merdeka Square. It was built during the Dutch Ea ...
to the
Tanjung Priuk railway station Tanjung Priuk Station (TPK), is a railway station in Tanjung Priok, Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. It is located across the Tanjung Priok Port, which is the main port of Jakarta. This station is one of the oldest in Jakarta and the biggest stati ...
.


See also

*
List of East Asian ports This table of major ports and harbours on the Pacific Ocean can be sorted by continent, body of water or political jurisdiction. Table Gallery File:PortOVan.jpg, Port of Vancouver, Canada, the largest port in Canada and on the West Coast of No ...


References


External links


Official site of Port of Tanjung Priok
{{Coord, 6, 08, S, 106, 54, E, region:ID_type:adm3rd_source:kolossus-nlwiki, display=title Districts of Jakarta North Jakarta