Tambroso is a mountain peak on the
Azorian island of
Faial. It is located in the
civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ...
of
Ribeirinha, in the municipality of
Horta
Horta may refer to:
People
* Horta (surname), a list of people
Places
* Horta, Africa, an ancient city and former bishopric in Africa Proconsularis, now in Tunisia and a Latin Catholic titular see
* Horta, Azores, Portugal, a municipality an ...
. The mountain, as well as its surrounding land-forms, is geographically close to the
volcanic
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates a ...
caldera
A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcano eruption. When large volumes of magma are erupted over a short time, structural support for the rock above the magma chamber is ...
at the center of Faial. The eruptive igneous rocks produced by this caldera forms the base of Tambroso, as well as many other peaks on Faial Island.
[ The whole series of peaks has a maximum elevation at ]Cabeço Gordo
Cabeço Gordo (Portuguese for "fat mound") is the highest point in the island of Faial, measuring above sea level. Located on the southern rim of the Caldeira Volcano, on a clear day, most of the islands of the central group of the Azores are v ...
, which is above sea level.
Geography and geology
The elevation of Tambroso itself reaches to above sea-level. [ It is situated near another local peak, Alto da Pedreira, and the town of Ribeirinha.]triple junction
A triple junction is the point where the boundaries of three tectonic plates meet. At the triple junction each of the three boundaries will be one of three types – a ridge (R), trench (T) or transform fault (F) – and triple junctions can b ...
which produces Neogene
The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
-aged, intrusive and extrusive/ eruptive, mafic
A mafic mineral or rock is a silicate mineral or igneous rock rich in magnesium and iron. Most mafic minerals are dark in color, and common rock-forming mafic minerals include olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, and biotite. Common mafic rocks include ...
igneous rock
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ''ignis'' meaning fire), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main The three types of rocks, rock types, the others being Sedimentary rock, sedimentary and metamorphic rock, metamorphic. Igneous rock ...
s, and sedimentary formations derived from them. The rocks that form Tamborso are mapped as part of the Cedros volcanic complex. [Pimentel, A. H. G. (2016). Pyroclastic density current-forming eruptions on Faial and Terceira Islands, Azores.] The lower portion of this volcanic complex's formation began in the middle Pleistocene
The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was fina ...
's Chibanian
The Chibanian, widely known by its previous designation of Middle Pleistocene, is an Age (geology), age in the international geologic timescale or a Stage (stratigraphy), stage in chronostratigraphy, being a division of the Pleistocene Epoch withi ...
age, while upper portion consists mainly of pyroclastic
Pyroclastic rocks (derived from the el, πῦρ, links=no, meaning fire; and , meaning broken) are clastic rocks composed of rock fragments produced and ejected by explosive volcanic eruptions. The individual rock fragments are known as pyroc ...
flows and other deposits that date from the late Pleistocene up to the year 1958, which marked the most recent eruption on Faial Island.[ The area around the base of Tambroso may also be affected by uplift and other types crustal movement along an east-west trending fault which is situation to the south of the mountain.
]
See also
* Geography of the Azores
References
Notes
Sources
*
{{authority control
Geology of the Azores
Faial Island