''Tambon'' ( th, ตำบล, ) is a local governmental unit in

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

. Below

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...

(''

amphoe An amphoe (sometimes also ''amphur'', th, อำเภอ, )—usually translated as "district"—is the second level administrative subdivision of Thailand. Groups of ''amphoe'' or districts make up the provinces, and are analogous to countie ...

'') and

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...

(''

changwat The provinces of Thailand are part of the government of Thailand that is divided into 76 provinces ( th, จังหวัด, , ) proper and one special administrative area ( th, เขตปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น ...

''), they form the third administrative subdivision level. there were 7,255 tambons, not including the 180 ''

khwaeng A ''khwaeng'' (, ) is an administrative subdivision used in the fifty districts of Bangkok and a few other city municipalities in Thailand. Currently, there are 180 ''khwaeng'' in Bangkok. A ''khwaeng'' is roughly equivalent to a ''tambon'' in othe ...

'' of

Bangkok Bangkok, officially known in Thai language, Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estima ...

, which are set at the same administrative level, thus every

contains eight to ten tambon. ''Tambon'' is usually translated as "

township A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Ca ...

" or "subdistrict" in English — the latter is the recommended translation, though also often used for ''

king amphoe An amphoe (sometimes also ''amphur'', th, อำเภอ, )—usually translated as "district"—is the second level administrative subdivision of Thailand. Groups of ''amphoe'' or districts make up the provinces, and are analogous to countie ...

'', the designation for a subdistrict acting as a branch (Thai: ''king'') of the parent district. Tambon are further subdivided into 69,307 villages (''

muban Muban ( th, หมู่บ้าน; , ) is the lowest administrative sub-division of Thailand. Usually translated as 'village' and sometimes as 'hamlet', they are a subdivision of a tambon (subdistrict). , there were 74,944 administrative mu ...

''), about ten per ''tambon''. ''Tambon'' within cities or towns are not subdivided into villages, but may have less formal communities called ''chumchon'' ( ชุมชน) that may be formed into

community association A community association is a nongovernmental association of participating members of a community, such as a neighborhood, village, condominium, cooperative, or group of homeowners or property owners in a delineated geographic area. Participation m ...

History

The ''tambon'' as a subdivision has a long history. It was the second-level subdivision of the area administered by a provincial town in the 19th century. The governor of the province was supposed to appoint a communal elder, ''

kamnan A kamnan ( th, กำนัน) is a Thai governing official at the tambon (subdistrict) level. It is usually translated as "subdistrict headman". The position of a kamnan was introduced with the ''Thesaphiban'' administrative reforms near the end ...

'' or ''phan''. In the administrative reforms started in 1892 under Prince

Damrong Rajanubhab Prince Tisavarakumarn, the Prince Damrong Rajanubhab ( Thai: ; Full transcription is "Somdet Phrachao Borommawongthoe Phra-ongchao Ditsawarakuman Kromphraya Damrongrachanuphap" (สมเด็จพระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธ� ...

, the first Thai Minister of the Interior, the three levels of subdivision of provinces were continued, i.e., starting from

to ''tambon'' to the lowest level called ''muban''.

Muban

The subdistricts are subdivided into administrative villages (muban, ) as the lowest administrative subdivision. Usually these are referred to much more often by the village number than the actual name, especially as an administrative village may contain more than one settlement, or a large settlement may be split into more than one administrative village. One of the elected village headmen is elected as the subdistrict headman (

Kamnan A kamnan ( th, กำนัน) is a Thai governing official at the tambon (subdistrict) level. It is usually translated as "subdistrict headman". The position of a kamnan was introduced with the ''Thesaphiban'' administrative reforms near the end ...

Subdistrict (Tambon) administrative organization (SAO/TAO)

With the ''Tambon Council and Tambon Administrative Authority Act BE 2537'' (1994) and later by the constitution of 1997, ''tambon'' were decentralized into local government units with an elected tambon council. Depending on its size and tax income a ''tambon'' may either be administered by a ''Subdistrict (Tambon) Administrative Organization'' (SAO or TAO, th, องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบล) or a ''Tambon Council'' (TC, th, สภาตำบล). However, since 2001 all of the Tambon Councils have been upgraded to Tambon Administrative Organizations. The TAO council consist of two representatives from each administrative village in the subdistrict, and one directly elected president. The subdistrict area which belongs to a municipality (''

thesaban Thesaban ( th, เทศบาล, , ) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesaban'' system. The mu ...

'') is administered by the municipal council. In the event only part of the subdistrict is within a municipality, the remaining part is administrated by a TAO. Adjoining subdistricts of a single district can also have a joint TAO.

One Tambon One Product

In 2001, Thai Prime Minister

Thaksin Shinawatra Thaksin Shinawatra ( th, ทักษิณ ชินวัตร; ; ; Chinese: 丘達新; cnr, Taksin Šinavatra; born 26 July 1949), is a Thai businessman, politician and visiting professor. He served in the Thai Police from 1973 to 1987, a ...

started a project in which every ''tambon'' would select a typical, distinctive local product. The project then aids in promoting the product, as well as assisting in modernizing production. Shops selling OTOP products are located in each provincial capital.

References

External links