Thirumalayaperumal Karunakaran (26 December 1946 – 12 March 2019) was an Indian engineer, academic, social organizer and reformer who worked on rural development problems in India and other countries. He proposed a model of decentralized development called the Rural Economic Zone as an alternative to the
Special Economic Zone model of development. He served as Vice-Chancellor of two Gandhian Rural Universities, and served as the director of the
Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization (MGIRI) and founded the Agrindus Institute in
Wardha.
Early life and education
Karunakaran was born in Poovenkudiyiruppu village of
Kanyakumari District of pre-Independence India.
He received a Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical Engineering from
Thiayagarajar College of Engineering in 1969. He studied Mathematical System Theory from the Department of Electrical Engineering at the
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi where he obtained a PhD in 1975 under
Prem Saran Satsangi
Prem Saran Satsangi is the eighth and current Sant Satguru of Radhasoami Faith, Dayalbagh. He holds the Emeritus Chair from the East of the Integrated East-West Forum at The Science of Consciousness Conferences since 2012. He is the chairman ...
.
Career and work
Karunakaran served for 19 years in four
IITs in different research and academic positions.
From 1987 until 1997, Karunakaran was the Director of the Rural Technology Centre at
Gandhigram Rural Institute (GRI), Tamil Nadu.
He was the Vice Chancellor of
Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramoday Vishwavidyalaya
Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya (MGCGV), formerly Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidhayalay and Mahatma Gandhi Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, is a first rural state university located at Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India. It was es ...
in
Madhya Pradesh from 1997 to 2004, and returned to GRI in 2004 to serve as Vice Chancellor.
He then became the Director of
MGIRI in
Wardha from 2008 until 2011. Under his leadership, MGIRI launched solar-powered
charkhas to increase the volume and quality of yarn that a farming household could produce. This project was adopted and scaled up by the government of India to provide employment to 100,000 individuals in 50 sectors.
Karunakaran was then founder-director of the Agrindus Institute
until his death in 2019. Agrindus trained children, primarily of farmers who had committed suicide, to become entrepreneurs and bring industrial value-added activities to the farm.
Karunaran's work at Agrindus built on Gandhian ideas of socio-economic development, including the work-based education principle known as
Nai Talim, and Gandhi's vision of self-reliant village-centered economies. Karunakaran developed the latter economic approach into the Rural Economic Zone concept,
an alternate model of development to the
Special Economic Zone.
References
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People from Kanyakumari district
1946 births
2019 deaths
Indian electrical engineers
Indian social reformers
Academic staff of IIT Delhi
IIT Delhi alumni