T. Harry Williams

Thomas Harry Williams (May 19, 1909 — July 8, 1979) was an American academic and author. For the majority of his academic career between the 1930s to 1970s, Williams taught history at Louisiana State University. While at LSU, Williams was a Boyd Professor of History from 1953 to 1979. Near the end of his tenure at LSU, the university created the T. Harry Williams Chair of American History. Additional academic institutes Williams taught at include extension schools, in Wisconsin and at the Municipal University of Omaha.

As an author, Williams wrote biographical works between the 1940s to 1970s. For his works, Williams published multiple books on Abraham Lincoln and Rutherford B. Hayes. He also wrote about P. G. T. Beauregard, the American Civil War and Huey Long. In 1970, Williams won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography and the National Book Award in the History and Autobiography category with ''Huey Long''. Apart from his books, Williams received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1956.

Early life and education

Williams was born in Vinegar Hill, Illinois on May 19, 1909. During his childhood, Williams lived in the Hazel Green, Wisconsin area with his family after the death of his mother. In the 1930s, Williams completed his post-secondary education at Platteville State Teachers College and the University of Wisconsin.

Career

Teaching

During his studies at Wisconsin, Williams became an instructor in 1936. While teaching history for their extension schools, Williams was dismissed from his position at Wausau, Wisconsin in November 1936. After his dismissal, Williams said his comments about the Gettysburg Address and Abraham Lincoln were "misquoted and misrepresented". The following month, Williams was given back his position at Wausau. In between his extension tenures for Wisconsin, Williams briefly taught in West Virginia University. Williams remained with the extensions until he continued his instructive experience for the Municipal University of Omaha in 1938. He had also worked as an assistant professor for Omaha by the time he left in 1941.

In 1941, Williams began his experience at Louisiana State University as a history professor. While at Louisiana, Williams also taught about the Civil War. He was named a Boyd professor for the university in 1953. Williams continued to hold the position of Boyd Professor of History for Louisiana State until 1979. That year, Williams ended his tenure with Louisiana State in May 1979. Outside of the United States, Williams worked in England from 1966 to 1967. While with the University of Oxford, Williams worked as Harmsworth Professor of American History.

Literature

While at Louisiana State, Williams released ''Lincoln and the Radicals'' in 1941. In 1950, Williams began a three-decade career with Louisiana State University Press as their editor for the Southern Biography Series. In 1952, Williams released ''Lincoln and His Generals''. In 1956, Williams joined the ''Baton Rouge Advocate'' as a book reviewer and remained in his position until 1966. Williams had written three more books about Abraham Lincoln by 1958, which included two publications about works written by Lincoln. During this time period, Williams published a biography on P. G. T. Beauregard in 1955 titled ''Beauregard: Napoleon in Gray''. The following year, Williams used a manuscript authored by Beauregard to create ''With Beauregard in Mexico: The Mexican Reminiscences of P.G.T. Beauregard'' as an editor. From the 1960s to 1970s, Williams's works continued to focus on American historical events.

For individual historical works, Williams published a 1962 book of collected essays about generals in the American Civil War called ''McClellan, Sherman, and Grant''. His book on Union personnel focused on Ulysses S. Grant, George B. McClellan and William T. Sherman. For a 1963 republication of a work by Edward Porter Alexander, Williams added a preface to ''Military Memoirs of a Confederate.'' Williams used a diary by Rutherford B. Hayes to create ''Hayes: The Diary of a President'' in 1964. For his work, Williams included historical summaries while keeping any errors that were made in the diary. The following year, Williams wrote solely on Hayes's Army experience with his 1965 publication ''Hayes of the Twenty-Third: The Civil War Volunteer Officer''.

Apart from the Civil War, Williams had publications about Huey Long between the early 1960s to early 1970s. He had started the writing process for his biography on Long in 1955. His Long biography was released in 1969. In 1977, Williams started a book about Lyndon B. Johnson. After Williams conducted research on Johnson in 1979, he died before he could complete his biography.

Writing process

For his Civil War works, Williams used diaries and other secondary research materials. Williams created the Long biography with his wife by using interviews conducted with a tape recorder. To create his books, Williams used terminology that was used in the past while writing his works with a notebook and pencil. Williams continuously edited his drafts until he was satisfied with all of the words in his paragraphs.

Awards and honors

In 1956, Williams received a Guggenheim Fellowship in the U.S. History category. With ''Huey Long'', Williams won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography in 1970. That year, ''Huey Long'' also won the National Book Award in the History and Autobiography category and the Louisiana Literary Award from the Louisiana Library Association. Near the end of his tenure at Louisiana State, the university created the T. Harry Williams Chair of American History in 1979. His incomplete work, ''The History of American Works from 1745 to 1918'', was posthumously published in 1981. The 1983 posthumously published book, ''The Selected Essays of T. Harry Williams'', contained both old and new essays written by Williams.

Personal life and death

Williams had one child during his marriage. He died in Baton Rouge, Louisiana on July 8, 1979.

References

{{PulitzerPrize BiographyorAutobiographyAuthors

1909 births
1979 deaths
West Virginia University faculty
University of Nebraska Omaha faculty
Louisiana State University faculty
Academics of the University of Oxford
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners
National Book Award winners